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Workers and Working Classes in the Middle East

Workers and Working Classes in the Middle East
Author: Zachary Lockman
Publisher: SUNY Press
Total Pages: 382
Release: 1994-01-01
Genre: History
ISBN: 9780791416655

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This book brings together for the first time the work of many of the leading scholars in the field of Middle East working-class history. Using historical material from nineteenth-century Syria, late Ottoman Anatolia, republican Turkey, Egypt from the late nineteenth century through the Sadat period, Iran before and after the overthrow of the Shah, and Ba`thist Iraq, the authors explore different forms and interpretations of working-class identity, action, and organization as expressed in language, culture, and behavior. In addition, they examine different narratives of labor history and the place of workers in their respective national histories. Included are articles by Feroz Ahmad, Assef Bayat, Joel Beinin, Edmund Burke III, Dipesh Chakrabarty, Eric Davis, Ellis Goldberg, Kristin Koptiuch, Zachary Lockman, Marsha Pripstein Posusney, Donald Quataert, and Sherry Vatter. The book provides not only an introduction to the "state of the field" in Middle East working-class history but also demonstrates how that field is being influenced by the new paradigms which are transforming labor history and social history more broadly worldwide. It also opens the way for fruitful comparisons among Middle Eastern countries and between the Middle East and other parts of the world.


Workers and Peasants in the Modern Middle East

Workers and Peasants in the Modern Middle East
Author: Joel Beinin
Publisher: Cambridge University Press
Total Pages: 228
Release: 2001-09-06
Genre: Art
ISBN: 9780521629034

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Joel Beinin's book offers a survey of subaltern history in the Middle East.


Women, Work, and Patriarchy in the Middle East and North Africa

Women, Work, and Patriarchy in the Middle East and North Africa
Author: Fariba Solati
Publisher: Springer
Total Pages: 118
Release: 2017-03-20
Genre: Political Science
ISBN: 3319515772

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This book investigates why the rate of female labor force participation in the Middle East and North Africa is the lowest in the world. Using a multidisciplinary approach, the book explains that the primary reason for the low rate of female labor force participation is the strong institutions of patriarchy in the region. Using multiple proxies for patriarchy, this book quantifies the multi-dimensional concept of patriarchy in order to measure it across sixty developing countries over thirty years. The findings show that Middle Eastern and North African countries have higher levels of patriarchy with regards to women’s participation in public spheres compared with the rest of the world. Although the rate of formal female labor force participation is low, women across the region contribute greatly to the financial wellbeing of their families and communities. By defining a woman’s place as in the home, patriarchy has made women’s economic activities invisible to official labor statistics since it has caused many women to work in the informal sector of the economy or work as unpaid workers, thus creating an illusion that women in the region are not economically active. While religion has often legitimized patriarchy, oil income has made it affordable for many countries in the region.


Jobs for Shared Prosperity

Jobs for Shared Prosperity
Author: Roberta Gatti
Publisher: World Bank Publications
Total Pages: 352
Release: 2013
Genre: Business & Economics
ISBN: 0821397192

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In the aftermath of the Arab Spring, when thousands of young women and men fought for the opportunity to realize their aspirations and potential, the question of jobs continues to be crucial in the Middle East and North Africa region. This report uses jobs as a lens to weave together the complex dynamics of employment creation, skills supply, and the institutional environment of labor markets. Consistent with the framework of the 2013 World Development Report on jobs, of which this report is the regional companion, this work goes beyond the traditional links between jobs, productivity, and living standards to include an understanding of how jobs matter for individual dignity and expectations--an aspect that was clearly central to the Arab Spring. Just as important, this report complements the economic perspective with an analysis of political economy equilibrium, with a view to identifying mechanisms that would trigger a reform process. As such, the report has three objectives: First, it seeks to provide an in-depth characterization of the dynamics of labor markets in the Middle East and North Africa and to analyze the barriers to the creation of more and better jobs. It does so by taking a cross-sectoral approach and identifying the distortions and incentives that the many actors--firms, governments, workers, students, education, and training systems--currently face, and which ultimately determine the equilibrium in labor markets. Second, the report proposes a medium term roadmap of policy options that could promote the robust and inclusive growth needed to tackle the structural employment challenge for the region. Third, the report aims to inform and open up a platform for debate on jobs among a broad set of stakeholders, with the ultimate goal of contributing to reach a shared view of the employment challenges and the reform path ahead.


Doing Business in the Middle East

Doing Business in the Middle East
Author: Donna Marsh
Publisher: Robinson
Total Pages: 292
Release: 2015-05-11
Genre: Business & Economics
ISBN: 1472135679

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This new and updated book is necessary reading for all professionals working in the Middle East and North Africa, it includes: - The practical impact of Islam on business - Safety and security in the region - Business etiquette - Political and social do's and don'ts The practicalities of doing business in the MEA region are covered in detail, from the initial visit to establishing productive working relationships, including opening an office in the region. It also focuses on issues of particular importance to all businesswomen, and for men who might be working with Arab and Muslim women.


Social Work in the Middle East

Social Work in the Middle East
Author: Hussein Hassan Soliman
Publisher: Routledge
Total Pages: 172
Release: 2013-05-29
Genre: Social Science
ISBN: 1135091447

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Countries across the Middle East face a number of social problems such as poverty, unemployment, housing, internal immigration and caring for vulnerable groups such as children, women, the disabled and the elderly. Providing an overview of the wide range of social issues addressed by social work practitioners, this book reveals the impact of the region’s distinct historical and cultural factors, traditions, and customs and applications on social welfare and social work practice. Examining social work education and practice across a number of countries including Egypt, Palestine, Jordan, Saudi Arabia, Lebanon, Oman and Sudan this book examines and assesses the diverse nature of social work in these countries and the role of the profession in providing essential services to different client groups. This in turn illustrates how social work as a profession contributes to the welfare system in the Middle East, and the relationship and interaction between social work professionals and governments. Further, the contributors demonstrate the religious, historical, ideological, cultural and geographical factors that influence social work practice and delivery in the region, with particular attention paid to the role of Islam in guiding and shaping social welfare institutions and the practice of social services. Bringing together the work of scholars from across the Middle East, this book will be welcomed by students, scholars and practitioners interested in the sociology, politics and culture of the Middle East, international social work and social welfare.


Working in the Middle East

Working in the Middle East
Author: Amanda M. Riggs
Publisher: Bloomsbury Publishing USA
Total Pages: 236
Release: 2016-07-18
Genre: History
ISBN:

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Presenting the firsthand account of an American woman working several jobs in Egypt over a four-year period, this book analyzes the cross-cultural business environment between the United States and the Middle East and North Africa. It provides recommendations to enable anyone—male or female—to successfully navigate commercial activities in the region. As the American workforce evolves and more women seek leadership roles in business, a growing number of women—and men—are seeking international business experiences to advance their careers and set themselves apart from their competition. Conducting business in the Middle East and North Africa (MENA region) requires an in-depth understanding of the Arab mindset and cultural standards of that region. Authored by one of few women who have pioneered working in the region, this book delves deeply into business culture in the Middle East and North Africa and addresses how women in particular can be successful, especially Western women whose business culture is different, offering insights that will help deepen one's ability to function in business across the MENA region as well as throughout the world. Readers will learn the truth about living in the Middle East and North Africa and what a Western woman will likely face, from cultural customs, business practices, and socio-economic challenges that exist in these emerging markets to the realities of potential sexual harassment to the lack of rule of law. The book describes aspects of the crosscultural experience, such as the importance of the collectivist mentality in the office and the role of maintaining one's honor not only in business relationships but also in MENA culture in general. It also explains the four main elements of international business negotiations and identifies the reasons that more American women should consider working internationally, particularly in the Middle East and North Africa, but also in other collectivist cultures, namely in Asia, Africa, and Latin America. The author illustrates the unique cultural context in the Middle East and North Africa for Westerners and supplies a breadth of recommendations and insights that will serve anyone—male or female—seeking to successfully navigate business in the region.


Migrant Domestic Workers in the Middle East

Migrant Domestic Workers in the Middle East
Author: B. Fernandez
Publisher: Springer
Total Pages: 169
Release: 2014-12-04
Genre: Social Science
ISBN: 1137482117

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For over half a century, the Middle East has been major migration corridor for domestic workers from Asia and Africa. This book Illuminates the multidimensionality of these workers' lives as they engage in finding a balance between acting and being acted upon, struggle and accommodation, and movement and stasis.


Jobs Undone

Jobs Undone
Author: Asif M. Islam
Publisher: World Bank Publications
Total Pages: 276
Release: 2022-07-06
Genre: Business & Economics
ISBN: 1464817367

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A decade since the spark of the Arab Spring, the Middle East and North Africa (MENA) region continues to suffer from limited creation of more and better jobs. Youth face idleness and unemployment. For those who find jobs, informality awaits. Few women attempt to enter the world of work at all. Meanwhile, the available jobs are not those of the future. These labor market outcomes are being worsened by the coronavirus (COVID-19) pandemic. 'Jobs Undone: Reshaping the Role of Governments toward Markets and Workers in the Middle East and North Africa' explores ways to break these impasses, drawing on original research, survey data, wide-ranging literature, and young entrepreneurial voices from the region. The report finds that a prominent reason behind MENA's unmet jobs challenge is a lack of market contestability in the formal private sector. Few firms in the region enter the market, few grow, and those that exit are not necessarily less productive. Moreover, firms in the region invest little in physical capital, human capital, or research and development, and they tend to be politically connected. At the macro level, economic growth has been mediocre, labor productivity is not being driven by structural change, and the growth of the stock of capital per capita has declined. New evidence generated for this report shows that the lack of dynamism is due to the prevalence of state-owned enterprises (SOEs). They operate in sectors where there is little economic rationale for public activity and they enjoy favorable treatment--flouting the principles of competitive neutrality. Meanwhile, labor regulations add to market rigidity, while gendered laws restrict women's potential. To change this reality, the state must reshape its relationship toward markets, toward workers, and toward women. The region must create a level playing field between SOEs and the private sector, replace labor rigidities with appropriate social protection and labor market programs, and remove barriers to women's economic participation. Governments can also foster new sectors and occupations, gradually propelling market contestability and job creation. All reforms will have to rely on improved data capacity and transparency to create a new social contract between governments and the people of the region.


Inside the Middle East

Inside the Middle East
Author: Avi Melamed
Publisher: Simon and Schuster
Total Pages: 392
Release: 2016-03-29
Genre: Political Science
ISBN: 1634509765

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Acclaimed Israeli intelligence analyst Avi Melamed has spent more than thirty years interpreting Middle East affairs. His long-awaited Inside the Middle East challenges widely-accepted perceptions and provides a gripping and uniquely enlightening guide to make sense of the events unfolding in the region—to answer how the Arab world got to this point, what is currently happening, what the ramifications will be, how they will affect Israel, and what actions must immediately be undertaken, including how Western leaders need to respond. Melamed considers all the major power players in the Middle East, explains the underlying issues, and creates a three-dimensional picture, an illustration that connects the dots and provides a fascinating roadmap. He elucidates developments such as the Arab Spring, the downfall of the Muslim Brotherhood, the rise of ISIS, the epic Sunni-Shiite animosity, the essence of the war in Syria, the role of the Caliphate and Jihad, and the looming nuclear arms race. He also provides a rare opportunity to journey into the psyche of Arab society. Look through the lens of its leaders and its most ruthless terrorists. See what makes them tick and what they want. Discover how they can be overtaken. This unparalleled volume is a milestone in our understanding of the Middle East. It is the untold story of the struggles that will shape the region, and the world, for decades to come, and a groundbreaking guide that will shake you to the core, force you to reevalute your outlook, and give you tips to navigate the future. From author Avi Melamed: The conflicts in the Middle East grow more confusing and dangerous every day. In my encounters with thousands of people from across the world - from global leaders to high school students - I know there is deep and intense thirst for knowledge because today understanding the Middle East is not optional – it’s mandatory. My new book, Inside the Middle East: Making Sense of the Most Dangerous and Complicated Region on Earth is based on my decades of advisory, counterterrorism, education, and intelligence – positions - as well as my intimate connections throughout the Arab world. The book also provides the building blocks and database to understand the contemporary Middle East, offers a unique insight into the Arab world, and is “a GPS to help you navigate the dramatically changing Middle East.” In the book, I also offer an out of the box idea that could lead to a positive breakthrough in the Israeli- Palestinian conflict.