Why Governments Should Stop Non Social Subsidies PDF Download
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| Author | : Ramón López |
| Publisher | : World Bank Publications |
| Total Pages | : 37 |
| Release | : 2005 |
| Genre | : Latin America |
| ISBN | : |
Download Why Governments Should Stop Non-social Subsidies Book in PDF, ePub and Kindle
The provision of public goods and the amelioration of market failure are the classical justifications for government intervention in the economy. In reality, (1) governments intervene in markets that are not affected by failure, and (2) a large share of the government resources is spent in private goods, not in public goods. In contrast to issue 1, issue 2 has received little attention in the literature, in spite of the potentially large efficiency and equity losses arising from misguided allocations of public expenditures. López empirically documents the size of (2) in the rural sector and investigates its consequences for rural development for 10 Latin American countries over the 1985-2000 period. The econometric evidence suggests that the structure of public expenditures is an important factor of economic development in the rural sector, much greater than that of the level of public expenditures and of other factors on which the development literature has traditionally focused. Expanding total public expenditure in rural areas while maintaining the existing public expenditure composition prevailing in certain countries does little to promote agricultural income and reduce rural poverty. Spending a significant share of government resources in (non-social) subsidies causes less agriculture income, induces an excessive reliance of agriculture on land expansion, and reduces the income of the rural poor.
| Author | : Ram??n L??pez |
| Publisher | : |
| Total Pages | : |
| Release | : 2012 |
| Genre | : |
| ISBN | : |
Download Why Governments Should Stop Non-Social Subsidies Book in PDF, ePub and Kindle
The provision of public goods and the amelioration of market failure are the classical justifications for government intervention in the economy. In reality, (1) governments intervene in markets that are not affected by failure, and (2) a large share of the government resources is spent in private goods, not in public goods. In contrast to issue 1, issue 2 has received little attention in the literature, in spite of the potentially large efficiency and equity losses arising from misguided allocations of public expenditures. L??pez empirically documents the size of (2) in the rural sector and investigates its consequences for rural development for 10 Latin American countries over the 1985-2000 period. The econometric evidence suggests that the structure of public expenditures is an important factor of economic development in the rural sector, much greater than that of the level of public expenditures and of other factors on which the development literature has traditionally focused. Expanding total public expenditure in rural areas while maintaining the existing public expenditure composition prevailing in certain countries does little to promote agricultural income and reduce rural poverty. Spending a significant share of government resources in (non-social) subsidies causes less agriculture income, induces an excessive reliance of agriculture on land expansion, and reduces the income of the rural poor.
| Author | : Mr.Carlo A. Sdralevich |
| Publisher | : International Monetary Fund |
| Total Pages | : 130 |
| Release | : 2014-07-09 |
| Genre | : Technology & Engineering |
| ISBN | : 1498348467 |
Download Subsidy Reform in the Middle East and North Africa Book in PDF, ePub and Kindle
In the Middle East and North Africa (MENA) countries price subsidies are common, especially on food and fuels. However, these are neither well targeted nor cost effective as a social protection tool, often benefiting mainly the better off instead of the poor and vulnerable. This paper explores the challenges of replacing generalized price subsidies with more equitable social safety net instruments, including the short-term inflationary effects, and describes the features of successful subsidy reforms.
| Author | : Mr.Benedict J. Clements |
| Publisher | : International Monetary Fund |
| Total Pages | : 58 |
| Release | : 1995-09-01 |
| Genre | : Business & Economics |
| ISBN | : 1451851480 |
Download Government Subsidies Book in PDF, ePub and Kindle
This paper addresses the problems of defining and measuring government subsidies, examines why and how government subsidies are used as a fiscal policy tool, assesses their economic effects, appraises international empirical evidence on government subsidies, and offers options for their reform. Recent international trends in government subsidy expenditure are analyzed for the 16-year period from 1975 to 1990, using general government subsidy data for 60 countries from the System of National Accounts (SNA) and central government expenditure on subsidies and other current transfers for 68 countries from Government Finance Statistics (GFS). The paper reviews major policy options for subsidy reform, focusing on ways to improve the cost-effectiveness of subsidy programs.
| Author | : Mr.Benedict J. Clements |
| Publisher | : International Monetary Fund |
| Total Pages | : 390 |
| Release | : 2013-09-13 |
| Genre | : Business & Economics |
| ISBN | : 1484339169 |
Download Energy Subsidy Reform Book in PDF, ePub and Kindle
Energy subsidies are aimed at protecting consumers, however, subsidies aggravate fiscal imbalances, crowd out priority public spending, and depress private investment, including in the energy sector. This book provides the most comprehensive estimates of energy subsidies currently available for 176 countries and an analysis of “how to do” energy subsidy reform, drawing on insights from 22 country case studies undertaken by the IMF staff and analyses carried out by other institutions.
| Author | : National Research Council |
| Publisher | : National Academies Press |
| Total Pages | : 159 |
| Release | : 1999-11-04 |
| Genre | : Social Science |
| ISBN | : 0309184118 |
Download Evaluating Welfare Reform Book in PDF, ePub and Kindle
The Personal Responsibility and Work Opportunity Reconciliation Act (PRWORA) of 1996 fundamentally changed the nation's social welfare system, replacing a federal entitlement program for low-income families, called Aid to Families with Dependent Children (AFDC), with state-administered block grants, the Temporary Assistance for Needy Families (TANF) program. PRWORA furthered a trend started earlier in the decade under so called "waiver" programs-state experiments with different types of AFDC rules-toward devolution of design and control of social welfare programs from the federal government to the states. The legislation imposed several new, major requirements on state use of federal welfare funds but otherwise freed states to reconfigure their programs as they want. The underlying goal of the legislation is to decrease dependence on welfare and increase the self-sufficiency of poor families in the United States. In summer 1998, the Office of the Assistant Secretary for Planning and Evaluation (ASPE) of the Department of Health and Human Services (DHHS) asked the Committee on National Statistics of the National Research Council to convene a Panel on Data and Methods for Measuring the Effects of Changes in Social Welfare Programs. The panel's overall charge is to study and make recommendations on the best strategies for evaluating the effects of PRWORA and other welfare reforms and to make recommendations on data needs for conducting useful evaluations. This interim report presents the panel's initial conclusions and recommendations. Given the short length of time the panel has been in existence, this report necessarily treats many issues in much less depth than they will be treated in the final report. The report has an immediate short-run goal of providing DHHS-ASPE with recommendations regarding some of its current projects, particularly those recently funded to study "welfare leavers"-former welfare recipients who have left the welfare rolls as part of the recent decline in welfare caseloads.
| Author | : Katrina Avila Munichiello |
| Publisher | : Tuttle Publishing |
| Total Pages | : 256 |
| Release | : 2017-03-21 |
| Genre | : Literary Collections |
| ISBN | : 9780804848992 |
Download A Tea Reader Book in PDF, ePub and Kindle
A Tea Reader contains a selection of stories that cover the spectrum of life. This anthology shares the ways that tea has changed lives through personal, intimate stories. Read of deep family moments, conquered heartbreak, and peace found in the face of loss. A Tea Reader includes stories from all types of tea people: people brought up in the tea tradition, those newly discovering it, classic writings from long-ago tea lovers and those making tea a career. Together these tales create a new image of a tea drinker. They show that tea is not simply something you drink, but it also provides quiet moments for making important decisions, a catalyst for conversation, and the energy we sometimes need to operate in our lives. The stories found in A Tea Reader cover the spectrum of life, such as the development of new friendships, beginning new careers, taking dream journeys, and essentially sharing the deep moments of life with friends and families. Whether you are a tea lover or not, here you will discover stories that speak to you and inspire you. Sit down, grab a cup, and read on.
| Author | : |
| Publisher | : |
| Total Pages | : 944 |
| Release | : 1895 |
| Genre | : |
| ISBN | : |
Download Congressional Record Book in PDF, ePub and Kindle
| Author | : United States. Congress. House. Select Committee on Small Business |
| Publisher | : |
| Total Pages | : 1306 |
| Release | : 1970 |
| Genre | : Legislative hearings |
| ISBN | : |
Download Hearings, Reports and Prints of the House Select Committee on Small Business Book in PDF, ePub and Kindle
| Author | : |
| Publisher | : |
| Total Pages | : 1120 |
| Release | : 2006 |
| Genre | : Economic assistance, Domestic |
| ISBN | : |
Download Catalog of Federal Domestic Assistance Book in PDF, ePub and Kindle
Identifies and describes specific government assistance opportunities such as loans, grants, counseling, and procurement contracts available under many agencies and programs.
