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Author | : Robert W. Crandall |
Publisher | : Rowman & Littlefield |
Total Pages | : 217 |
Release | : 2010-12-01 |
Genre | : Business & Economics |
ISBN | : 0815719728 |
Download Who Pays for Universal Service? Book in PDF, ePub and Kindle
In virtually every country, the price of residential access to the telephone network is kept low and cross-subsidized by business services, long distance calling, and various other telephone services. This pricing practice is widely defended as necessary to promote "universal service," but Crandall and Waverman show that it has little effect on telephone subscriptions while it has major harmful effects on the value of all telephone service. The higher prices for long distance calls reduce calling, shift the burden of paying for the network to those whose social networks are widely dispersed. Therefore, many poor and rural households--the intended beneficiaries of the pricing strategy--are forced to pay far more for telephone service than they would if prices reflected the cost of service. Despite these burdens, Congress has extended the subsidies to advanced services for schools, libraries, and rural health facilities. Crandall and Waverman show that other regulated utilities are not burdened with similarly inefficient cross-subsidy schemes, yet universality of water, natural gas, and electricity service is achieved. As local telephone service competition develops in the wake of the 1996 Telecommunications Act, the universal-service subsidy system will have to change. Subsidies will have to be paid from taxes on telecom services and paid directly to carriers or subscribers. Crandall and Waverman show that an intrastate tax designed to pay for each state's subsidized subscriptions is far less costly to the economy than an interstate tax. Robert W. Crandall is a senior fellow in Economic Studies at the Brookings Institution. Leonard Waverman is a visiting professor at the London Business School, on leave from the University of Toronto. They are coauthors of Talk Is Cheap: The Promise of Regulatory Reform in North American Telecommunications (Brookings, 1995).
Author | : Robert W. Crandall |
Publisher | : Rowman & Littlefield |
Total Pages | : 228 |
Release | : 2010-12-01 |
Genre | : Business & Economics |
ISBN | : 9780815719724 |
Download Who Pays for Universal Service? Book in PDF, ePub and Kindle
In virtually every country, the price of residential access to the telephone network is kept low and cross-subsidized by business services, long distance calling, and various other telephone services. This pricing practice is widely defended as necessary to promote "universal service," but Crandall and Waverman show that it has little effect on telephone subscriptions while it has major harmful effects on the value of all telephone service. The higher prices for long distance calls reduce calling, shift the burden of paying for the network to those whose social networks are widely dispersed. Therefore, many poor and rural households--the intended beneficiaries of the pricing strategy--are forced to pay far more for telephone service than they would if prices reflected the cost of service. Despite these burdens, Congress has extended the subsidies to advanced services for schools, libraries, and rural health facilities. Crandall and Waverman show that other regulated utilities are not burdened with similarly inefficient cross-subsidy schemes, yet universality of water, natural gas, and electricity service is achieved. As local telephone service competition develops in the wake of the 1996 Telecommunications Act, the universal-service subsidy system will have to change. Subsidies will have to be paid from taxes on telecom services and paid directly to carriers or subscribers. Crandall and Waverman show that an intrastate tax designed to pay for each state's subsidized subscriptions is far less costly to the economy than an interstate tax. Robert W. Crandall is a senior fellow in Economic Studies at the Brookings Institution. Leonard Waverman is a visiting professor at the London Business School, on leave from the University of Toronto. They are coauthors of Talk Is Cheap: The Promise of Regulatory Reform in North American Telecommunications (Brookings, 1995).
Author | : Anna Coote |
Publisher | : John Wiley & Sons |
Total Pages | : 82 |
Release | : 2020-02-13 |
Genre | : Political Science |
ISBN | : 1509539840 |
Download The Case for Universal Basic Services Book in PDF, ePub and Kindle
The idea that healthcare and education should be provided as universal public services to all who need them is widely accepted. But why leave it there? Why not expand it to more of life’s essentials? In their bold new book, Anna Coote and Andrew Percy argue that this transformational new policy – Universal Basic Services – is exactly what we need to save our societies and our planet. The old argument that free markets and individual choice are the best way to solve pressing problems of poverty, inequality and environmental degradation has led us to catastrophe, and must be abandoned. The authors show that expanding the principle of collective universal service provision to everyday essentials like transport, childcare and housing is not only the best way of tackling many of the biggest problems facing the contemporary world: it’s also efficient, practical and affordable. Anyone who cares about fighting for a fairer, greener and more democratic world should read this book.
Author | : Amanda Glassman |
Publisher | : Brookings Institution Press |
Total Pages | : 449 |
Release | : 2017-10-10 |
Genre | : Medical |
ISBN | : 1944691057 |
Download What's In, What's Out Book in PDF, ePub and Kindle
Vaccinate children against deadly pneumococcal disease, or pay for cardiac patients to undergo lifesaving surgery? Cover the costs of dialysis for kidney patients, or channel the money toward preventing the conditions that lead to renal failure in the first place? Policymakers dealing with the realities of limited health care budgets face tough decisions like these regularly. And for many individuals, their personal health care choices are equally stark: paying for medical treatment could push them into poverty. Many low- and middle-income countries now aspire to universal health coverage, where governments ensure that all people have access to the quality health services they need without risk of impoverishment. But for universal health coverage to become reality, the health services offered must be consistent with the funds available—and this implies tough everyday choices for policymakers that could be the difference between life and death for those affected by any given condition or disease. The situation is particularly acute in low- and middle income countries where public spending on health is on the rise but still extremely low, and where demand for expanded services is growing rapidly. What’s In, What’s Out: Designing Benefits for Universal Health Coverage argues that the creation of an explicit health benefits plan—a defined list of services that are and are not available—is an essential element in creating a sustainable system of universal health coverage. With contributions from leading health economists and policy experts, the book considers the many dimensions of governance, institutions, methods, political economy, and ethics that are needed to decide what’s in and what’s out in a way that is fair, evidence-based, and sustainable over time.
Author | : Milton Mueller |
Publisher | : American Enterprise Institute |
Total Pages | : 240 |
Release | : 1997 |
Genre | : Business & Economics |
ISBN | : 9780844740638 |
Download Universal Service Book in PDF, ePub and Kindle
This book revisits the critical period of unbridled competition between the Bell System and independent telephone companies early in this century.
Author | : The Law The Law Library |
Publisher | : Createspace Independent Publishing Platform |
Total Pages | : 26 |
Release | : 2018-10-06 |
Genre | : |
ISBN | : 9781727776256 |
Download Connect America Fund Universal Service Reform-Mobility Fund (Us Federal Communications Commission Regulation) (Fcc) (2018 Edition) Book in PDF, ePub and Kindle
Connect America Fund Universal Service Reform-Mobility Fund (US Federal Communications Commission Regulation) (FCC) (2018 Edition) The Law Library presents the complete text of the Connect America Fund Universal Service Reform-Mobility Fund (US Federal Communications Commission Regulation) (FCC) (2018 Edition). Updated as of May 29, 2018 In this document, the Federal Communications Commission (Commission) resolves the remaining petitions for reconsideration regarding the requirements for Mobility Fund Phase II (MF-II). The Commission revises the language of its rule for collocation, and reduces the value of the letter of credit that a Mobility Fund Phase II support recipient is required to hold after the Universal Service Administration Company (USAC), together with the Commission, has verified that the MF-II support recipient has achieved significant progress toward completing their buildout and service provision requirements. The Commission affirms its Mobility Fund Phase II rules in all other respects. This book contains: - The complete text of the Connect America Fund Universal Service Reform-Mobility Fund (US Federal Communications Commission Regulation) (FCC) (2018 Edition) - A table of contents with the page number of each section
Author | : United States. Congress. Senate. Committee on Commerce, Science, and Transportation |
Publisher | : |
Total Pages | : 186 |
Release | : 2012 |
Genre | : Political Science |
ISBN | : |
Download The Present and Future of the Universal Service Fund Book in PDF, ePub and Kindle
Author | : United States. Congress. Senate. Committee on Commerce, Science, and Transportation |
Publisher | : |
Total Pages | : 134 |
Release | : 2000 |
Genre | : Competition |
ISBN | : |
Download Universal Service Book in PDF, ePub and Kindle
Author | : Brian Johnson |
Publisher | : IT Governance Ltd |
Total Pages | : 244 |
Release | : 2020-05-28 |
Genre | : Computers |
ISBN | : 178778150X |
Download The Universal Service Desk (USD) Book in PDF, ePub and Kindle
The Universal Service Desk (USD) – Implementing, controlling and improving service delivery defines what a USD is, why it is valuable to an organisation and how to build and implement one. It also discusses the evolution of the USD as part of integrated workplace management.
Author | : National Academies of Sciences, Engineering, and Medicine |
Publisher | : National Academies Press |
Total Pages | : 399 |
Release | : 2019-01-27 |
Genre | : Medical |
ISBN | : 0309477891 |
Download Crossing the Global Quality Chasm Book in PDF, ePub and Kindle
In 2015, building on the advances of the Millennium Development Goals, the United Nations adopted Sustainable Development Goals that include an explicit commitment to achieve universal health coverage by 2030. However, enormous gaps remain between what is achievable in human health and where global health stands today, and progress has been both incomplete and unevenly distributed. In order to meet this goal, a deliberate and comprehensive effort is needed to improve the quality of health care services globally. Crossing the Global Quality Chasm: Improving Health Care Worldwide focuses on one particular shortfall in health care affecting global populations: defects in the quality of care. This study reviews the available evidence on the quality of care worldwide and makes recommendations to improve health care quality globally while expanding access to preventive and therapeutic services, with a focus in low-resource areas. Crossing the Global Quality Chasm emphasizes the organization and delivery of safe and effective care at the patient/provider interface. This study explores issues of access to services and commodities, effectiveness, safety, efficiency, and equity. Focusing on front line service delivery that can directly impact health outcomes for individuals and populations, this book will be an essential guide for key stakeholders, governments, donors, health systems, and others involved in health care.