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What Are Norms?

What Are Norms?
Author: Francesca M. Cancian
Publisher: Cambridge University Press
Total Pages: 232
Release: 1975-04-25
Genre: History
ISBN: 9780521205368

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What are Norms? challenges the traditional Parsonian theory of the basis of social order and proposes a theoretical perspective that emphasises shared definitions of reality rather than personal motivation. The book begins by describing conceptions of good and bad in a Maya community. Then it explores how such normative beliefs relate to the actions of individuals and the organisation of society. Parsons' theory is not supported by previous research on attitudes and behaviour. The final chapter describes a new theoretical approach to norms and society that provides a better explanation of how people's norms relate to their actions and how norms change.


States of Being

States of Being
Author: Linda Belans
Publisher:
Total Pages: 194
Release: 2020-05-14
Genre: Education
ISBN: 9781734559200

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States of Being is an indispensable guide for leadership coaches and school leaders who want to create equitable, compassionate schools where students of all backgrounds can thrive.


Norms in International Relations

Norms in International Relations
Author: Audie Klotz
Publisher: Cornell University Press
Total Pages: 204
Release: 1999
Genre: History
ISBN: 9780801486036

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The author explores why a large number of international organizations adopted sanctions against the apartheid regime in South Africa despite strategic and economic interests that had fostered strong ties with it in the past. She argues that the emergence of the norm of racial equality is the reason.


Folkways

Folkways
Author: William Graham Sumner
Publisher:
Total Pages: 712
Release: 1906
Genre: Manners and customs
ISBN:

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Mixed Messages

Mixed Messages
Author: Stefanie Mollborn
Publisher: Oxford University Press
Total Pages: 297
Release: 2017
Genre: Health & Fitness
ISBN: 0190633271

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Sex is bad. Unprotected sex is a problem. Having a baby would be a disaster. Abortion is a sin. Teenagers in the United States hear conflicting messages about sex from everyone around them. How do teens understand these messages? In Mixed Messages, Stefanie Mollborn examines how social norms and social control work through in-depth interviews with college students and teen mothers and fathers, revealing the tough conversations teeangers just can't have with adults. Delving into teenagers' complicated social worlds Mollborn argues that by creating informal social sanctions like gossip and exclusion and formal communication such as sex education, families, peers, schools, and communities strategize to gain control over teens' behaviors. However, while teens strategize to keep control, they resist the constraints of the norms, revealing the variety of outcomes that occur beyond compliance or deviance. By showing that the norms existing today around teen sex are ineffective, failing to regulate sexual behavior, and instead punishing teens that violate them, Mollborn calls for a more thoughtful and consistent dialogue between teens and adults, emphasizing messages that will lead to more positive health outcomes.


The Grammar of Society

The Grammar of Society
Author: Cristina Bicchieri
Publisher: Cambridge University Press
Total Pages: 290
Release: 2005-12-12
Genre: Philosophy
ISBN: 9781139447140

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In The Grammar of Society, first published in 2006, Cristina Bicchieri examines social norms, such as fairness, cooperation, and reciprocity, in an effort to understand their nature and dynamics, the expectations that they generate, and how they evolve and change. Drawing on several intellectual traditions and methods, including those of social psychology, experimental economics and evolutionary game theory, Bicchieri provides an integrated account of how social norms emerge, why and when we follow them, and the situations where we are most likely to focus on relevant norms. Examining the existence and survival of inefficient norms, she demonstrates how norms evolve in ways that depend upon the psychological dispositions of the individual and how such dispositions may impair social efficiency. By contrast, she also shows how certain psychological propensities may naturally lead individuals to evolve fairness norms that closely resemble those we follow in most modern societies.


Human Nature and the Social Order

Human Nature and the Social Order
Author: Charles Horton Cooley
Publisher:
Total Pages: 440
Release: 1902
Genre: Psychology
ISBN:

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This work remains a pioneer sociological treatise on American culture. By understanding the individual not as the product of society but as its mirror image, Cooley concludes that the social order cannot be imposed from outside human nature but that it arises from the self. Cooley stimulated pedagogical inquiry into the dynamics of society with the publication of Human Nature and the Social Order in 1902. Human Nature and the Social Order is something more than an admirable ethical treatise. It is also a classic work on the process of social communication as the "very stuff" of which the self is made.


Studies in Ethnomethodology

Studies in Ethnomethodology
Author: Harold Garfinkel
Publisher: Prentice Hall
Total Pages: 320
Release: 1967
Genre: Ethnology
ISBN:

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Meeting Wise

Meeting Wise
Author: Kathryn Parker Boudett
Publisher: Harvard Education Press
Total Pages: 200
Release: 2014-08-01
Genre: Education
ISBN: 1612506968

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This book, by two editors of Data Wise: A Step-by-Step Guide to Using Assessment Results to Improve Teaching and Learning, attempts to bring about a fundamental shift in how educators think about the meetings we attend. They make the case that these gatherings are potentially the most important venue where adult and organizational learning can take place in schools, and that making more effective use of this time is the key to increasing student achievement. In Meeting Wise, the authors show why meeting planning is a high-leverage strategy for changing how people work together in the service of school improvement. To this end, they have created a meeting-planning “checklist” to develop a common language for discussing and improving the quality of meetings. In addition, they provide guidelines for readers on “wise facilitating” and “wise participating,” and also include “top tips” and common dilemmas. Simple, succinct, and practical, Meeting Wise is designed to be read and applied at every level of the educational enterprise: district leadership meetings with central office staff, charter-school management summits, principals’ meetings with teachers, professional development sessions, teacher-team meetings, and even teachers’ meetings with parents and students.