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| Author | : Massachusetts. Department of Environmental Protection |
| Publisher | : |
| Total Pages | : 94 |
| Release | : 1990 |
| Genre | : Hazardous waste sites |
| ISBN | : |
| Author | : Thomas W. Church |
| Publisher | : Brookings Institution Press |
| Total Pages | : 236 |
| Release | : 2001-05-16 |
| Genre | : Political Science |
| ISBN | : 9780815723066 |
The federal Superfund program for cleaning up America's inactive toxic waste sites is noteworthy not only for its enormous cost - $15.2 billion has been authorized thus far - but also for its unique design. The legislation that created Superfund provided the Environmental Protection Agency with a diverse set of policy tools. Preeminent among them is a civil liability scheme that imposes responsibility for multimillion dollar cleanups on businesses and government units linked - even tangentially - to hazardous waste sites. Armed with this potent policy implement, the agency can order the parties who are legally responsible for the toxic substances at a site to clean it up, with large fines and damages for failure to comply. EPA can also offer conciliatory measures to bring about voluntary, privately financed cleanup; or it can launch a cleanup initially paid for by Superfund and later force the responsible parties to reimburse the government. In this book, Thomas W. Church and Robert T. Nakamura provide the first in-depth study of Superfund operations at hazardous waste sites. They examine six Superfund cleanups, including three regions and both 'hard' and 'easy' sites, to ask 'what works?' Based on detailed case studies, the book describes various strategies that have been applied by government regulators and lawyers and the responses to those different strategies by businesses and local government officials. The authors characterize the implementation strategies used by the EPA as prosecution, accommodation, and public works. They point out that the choice of strategy involves setting priorities among Superfund's competing objectives. They conclude that the best implementation strategy is one that considers the context of each site and the particular priorities in each case. Looking toward the reauthorization of Superfund, they also offer recommendations for improvements in the organization of the program and discuss proposals for change in its
| Author | : Amy L. Edwards |
| Publisher | : American Bar Association |
| Total Pages | : 820 |
| Release | : 2003 |
| Genre | : Business & Economics |
| ISBN | : 9781590312414 |
Most brownfields cleanups have relied on institutional and engineering controls as part of the remedy, although the implementation, monitoring, and enforcement of these controls is one of the most difficult issues affecting contaminated property cleanup and redevelopment. The critical role of institutional controls has recently been highlighted by the 2001 Brownfields Amendments, and as a result a key element in the future success of brownfields redevelopment will rest on understanding and effectively using risk-based corrective action, including institutional and engineering controls. Implementing Institutional Controls at Brownfields and Other Contaminated Sites, the first book on this important and evolving topic, provides a thorough grounding in the history and current use of institutional controls. Emphasizing federal, state and public perspectives, this compendium of articles written by over 43 experts in the field offers real estate and environmental practitioners a state-of-the-art review of a subject that is integral to the success and growth of brownfields redevelopment projects. also examines some of the emerging tools that can be used in brownfields redevelopment, including custodial trusts, one-call systems, and web-based tracking systems. It also discusses the benefits of the proposed uniform model law on environmental covenants (UECA). Part II addresses the federal perspective, including the statutory and regulatory framework for the use of institutional controls in CERCLA and RCRA. The state perspective is covered in Part III, looking at the varying use of these controls in several states, including Arizona, California, Illinois, Massachusetts, New Jersey, and Maine. Experience in the Field is the focus of Part IV, which reviews how these controls have been used, highlights recent case studies, and draws conclusions on what can be learned from these successes and failures. documents and forms, including the flow chart from the ASTM Standard Guide on the Use of Activity and Use Limitations, Including Institutional and Engineering Controls (E 2091), final fact sheets from the Environmental Protection Agency for site managers at Superfund and RCRA sites, guidance from the Department of Defense, and state documents referenced in the text.
| Author | : National Research Council |
| Publisher | : National Academies Press |
| Total Pages | : 84 |
| Release | : 2005-02-06 |
| Genre | : Science |
| ISBN | : 030909299X |
The Department of Energy's Office of Environmental Management (EM) directs the massive cleanup of more than 100 sites that were involved in the production of nuclear weapons materials during the Manhattan Project and the Cold War. This report offers suggestions for more effectively characterizing and treating the orphan and special-case wastes that are part of EM's accelerated cleanup program. It identifies technical opportunities for EM to improve the program that will save time and money without compromising health and safety. The opportunities identified include: making more effective use of existing facilities and capabilities for waste characterization, treatment, or disposal; eliminating self-imposed requirements that have no clear technical or safety basis; and investing in new technologies to improve existing treatment and characterization capabilities. For example, the report suggests that EM work with DOE classification officers to declassify, to the extent possible, classified materials declared as wastes. The report also suggests a new approach for treating the wastes that EM will leave in place after cleanup.
| Author | : National Research Council |
| Publisher | : National Academies Press |
| Total Pages | : 86 |
| Release | : 2010-03-05 |
| Genre | : Science |
| ISBN | : 0309108217 |
The Department of Energy's Office of Environmental Management is developing a technology roadmap to guide planning and possible future congressional appropriations for its technology development programs. It asked the National Research Council of the National Academies to provide technical and strategic advice to support the development and implementation of this roadmap, specifically by undertaking a study that identifies principal science and technology gaps and their priorities for the cleanup program based on previous National Academies reports, updated and extended to reflect current site conditions and EM priorities and input form key external groups, such as the Nuclear Regulatory Commission, Defense Nuclear Facilities Safety Board, Environmental Protection Agency, and state regulatory agencies. In response, this book provides a high-level synthesis of principal science and technology gaps identified in previous NRC reports in part 1. Part 2 summarizes a workshop meant to bring together the key external groups to discuss current site conditions and science and technology needs.
| Author | : United States. General Accounting Office |
| Publisher | : |
| Total Pages | : 24 |
| Release | : 1991 |
| Genre | : Hazardous waste sites |
| ISBN | : |
| Author | : Ohio EPA. Division of Emergency and Remedial Response |
| Publisher | : |
| Total Pages | : 154 |
| Release | : 1991 |
| Genre | : Hazardous waste sites |
| ISBN | : |
| Author | : National Research Council |
| Publisher | : National Academies Press |
| Total Pages | : 226 |
| Release | : 1996-03-05 |
| Genre | : Political Science |
| ISBN | : 0309054400 |
This book addresses remedial action and waste management problems that the DOE and the nation are now facing that are the result of 50 years of nuclear weapons development and testingâ€"problems that require a reengineering of systems and a reexamination of the scientific, engineering, and institutional barriers to achieving cost-effective and safe stewardship of the nation's resources. Improving the Environment evaluates the DOE's environmental management program in four areas: regulatory measures, organization and management, priority-setting, timing and staging, and science and technology.
| Author | : United States. General Accounting Office |
| Publisher | : |
| Total Pages | : 36 |
| Release | : 1986 |
| Genre | : Hazardous waste sites |
| ISBN | : |
| Author | : U S Government Accountability Office (G |
| Publisher | : BiblioGov |
| Total Pages | : 24 |
| Release | : 2013-06 |
| Genre | : |
| ISBN | : 9781289011017 |
GAO discussed the overall status of the Department of Defense's (DOD) environmental program, focusing on actions that need to be taken to enhance the program's success. GAO noted that: (1) although DOD has revised its environmental strategy to expedite cleanup efforts, implemented a program that prevents rather than controls pollution, identified nearly 28,000 potentially contaminated sites, and has made compliance with environmental laws a top budgetary priority, it still faces substantial challenges in cleaning up hazardous waste sites and improving overall program management; (2) despite spending over $7 billion for cleanup efforts, DOD has cleaned up only 571 contaminated sites as of September 1993; (3) most of the funds spent for environmental cleanup efforts have been for site studies and cleanup design; (4) overly complex rules and regulations, the lack of cooperation between DOD, the Environmental Protection Agency, and states, and the lack of cost-effective technologies for cleaning up certain types of hazardous waste sites have delayed DOD cleanup efforts; (5) DOD has not effectively prioritized its hazardous waste sites so that those sites posing the greatest human health and environmental risks receive funding priority and does not have a timely and accurate means of estimating program costs or success; (6) DOD may be paying cleanup costs attributable to other parties because of the lack of clear cost-sharing policies and procedures; and (7) DOD does not have the information necessary to determine how military operations affect natural resources and environmental protection efforts affect military operations.
