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Volatility Spread and the Stock Market Response to Earnings Announcements

Volatility Spread and the Stock Market Response to Earnings Announcements
Author: Qin Lei
Publisher:
Total Pages: 43
Release: 2017
Genre:
ISBN:

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Using a broad sample of earnings announcements, we find that option call and put implied volatilities become increasingly misaligned as the earnings announcement dates (EAD) get closer. The percentage deviation between call and put implied volatilities increases monotonically in the one-month period leading up to the EAD. In addition, the direction of these deviations is consistent with the announcement returns of such earnings releases. More importantly, by adapting the earnings response coefficient (ERC) framework, we find that pre-earnings option trading actually increases rather than decreases the stock market response to the earnings announcements. In a cross section of earnings announcements, we find stronger stock market reaction from earnings announcements with greater abnormal implied volatility spread immediately before the EAD. By relating option volume to investor attention, we find higher pre-announcement option volume is associated with increased stock market response. Overall, our findings suggest that pre-earnings option trading helps alleviate the stock market under-reaction to earnings announcements and make the stock market response more complete.


Option Strategies for Earnings Announcements

Option Strategies for Earnings Announcements
Author: Ping Zhou
Publisher: FT Press
Total Pages: 258
Release: 2012-10-15
Genre: Business & Economics
ISBN: 0132947404

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By trading on corporate earnings, investors can reliably profit in both up and down markets, while avoiding market risk for nearly the entire quarter. In this book, two leading traders and portfolio managers present specific, actionable techniques anyone can use to capture these sizable profits. Ping Zhou and John Shon have performed an unprecedented empirical analysis of thousands of stocks, reviewing tens of millions of data points associated with option prices, earnings announcement returns, and fundamentals. Their massive analysis has identified consistent opportunities associated with focusing on the magnitude of the market’s reaction to earnings, not its direction. Option Trading Set-Ups for Corporate Earnings News offers concrete guidance for improving the likelihood of making correct forecasts, and managing the risks of incorrect forecasts. It introduces several ways to exploit option trading opportunities around earnings news, discuss crucial issues that most retail investors haven’t considered, and explore aspects of earnings-related option trading that have never been empirically examined and documented before. For example, they identify hidden patterns and potential opportunities based on valuation, industry, volatility, analyst forecasts, seasonality, and trades that immediately follow earnings announcements. Simply put, trading on earnings reports offers immense profit opportunities, if you know how. This book provides incontrovertible facts and detailed strategies, not just theories and anecdotes!


Volatility Spreads and Earnings Announcement Returns

Volatility Spreads and Earnings Announcement Returns
Author: Yigit Atilgan
Publisher:
Total Pages: 30
Release: 2015
Genre:
ISBN:

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Prior research documents that volatility spreads predict stock returns. If the trading activity of informed investors is an important driver of volatility spreads, then the predictability of stock returns should be more pronounced during major information events. This paper investigates whether the predictability of equity returns by volatility spreads is stronger during earnings announcements. Volatility spreads are measured by the implied volatility differences between pairs of strike price and expiration date matched put and call options and capture price pressures in the option market. During a two-day earnings announcement window, the abnormal returns to the quintile that includes stocks with relatively expensive call options is more than 1.5 percent greater than the abnormal returns to the quintile that includes stocks with relatively expensive put options. This result is robust after measuring volatility spreads in alternative ways and controlling for ጿirm characteristics and lagged equity returns. The degree of announcement return predictability is stronger when volatility spreads are measured using more liquid options, the information environment is more asymmetric, and stock liquidity is low.


Trading on Corporate Earnings News

Trading on Corporate Earnings News
Author: John Shon
Publisher: FT Press
Total Pages: 225
Release: 2011-03-09
Genre: Business & Economics
ISBN: 0132615851

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Profit from earnings announcements, by taking targeted, short-term option positions explicitly timed to exploit them! Based on rigorous research and huge data sets, this book identifies the specific earnings-announcement trades most likely to yield profits, and teaches how to make these trades—in plain English, with real examples! Trading on Corporate Earnings News is the first practical, hands-on guide to profiting from earnings announcements. Writing for investors and traders at all experience levels, the authors show how to take targeted, short-term option positions that are explicitly timed to exploit the information in companies’ quarterly earnings announcements. They first present powerful findings of cutting-edge studies that have examined market reactions to quarterly earnings announcements, regularities of earnings surprises, and option trading around corporate events. Drawing on enormous data sets, they identify the types of earnings-announcement trades most likely to yield profits, based on the predictable impacts of variables such as firm size, visibility, past performance, analyst coverage, forecast dispersion, volatility, and the impact of restructurings and acquisitions. Next, they provide real examples of individual stocks–and, in some cases, conduct large sample tests–to guide investors in taking advantage of these documented regularities. Finally, they discuss crucial nuances and pitfalls that can powerfully impact performance.


Options and Earnings Announcements

Options and Earnings Announcements
Author: Monique W.M. Donders
Publisher:
Total Pages:
Release: 2000
Genre:
ISBN:

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In this paper we study the impact of earnings announcements on trading volume, open interest and spreads in the stock option market. We find that option volume is higher around announcement days, even if we correct for stock volume and the expected future volatility of stock returns. Results in the pre-event period are different for good and bad news samples, indicating that option traders have access to (possibly short lived) private information. During the days before the announcements open interest tends to increase. After the earnings news dissemination traders seem to lose interest in the contracts and cancel part of their option positions thereby reducing open interest to normal levels. Analysis of quoted spreads provide no evidence of dealers' anticipation of higher information asymmetry in the pre- or post announcement period. However, results for effective spreads indicate that the transaction costs are higher on the announcement day itself and on the day immediately following the earnings dissemination. Both quoted and effective spreads are shown to respond to changes in trading volume and expected return variability.


The Nature of Informed Option Trading: Evidence from the Takeover Market

The Nature of Informed Option Trading: Evidence from the Takeover Market
Author: Marco Klapper
Publisher: Anchor Academic Publishing (aap_verlag)
Total Pages: 73
Release: 2013-10
Genre: Business & Economics
ISBN: 3954891727

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This study examines the kind of information ‘informed’ traders have prior to a takeover announcement using options of target firms and elaborates on the cross-sectional relationship between options and stocks around takeover announcements. Financial markets are driven by information and by individuals that generate, process, and disclose this information to the market. Naturally, there have to be individuals who possess more information about a firm or a future event than other market participants. Mergers and acquisitions are particularly interesting events in this regard because they can have significant implications for the firms and stakeholders involved, as well as for the competitive dynamics in the respective market. Because of the large potential price impact of such transactions, traders with private information about a prospective takeover are expected to trade on this information to make a profit. But who are these ‘informed traders’ and what kind of information do they possess? This study tries to give a respond to this question.


Stock Market Liquidity

Stock Market Liquidity
Author: François-Serge Lhabitant
Publisher: John Wiley & Sons
Total Pages: 502
Release: 2008-01-09
Genre: Business & Economics
ISBN: 0470181699

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Brings together today's best financial minds across the world to discuss the issue of liquidity in today's markets. It is often proxied by trade-based measures (such as trading volume, frequency of trading, dollar value of shares trade, etc), order based measures and price impact measures.


Implied Volatility Functions

Implied Volatility Functions
Author: Bernard Dumas
Publisher:
Total Pages: 34
Release: 1996
Genre: Options (Finance)
ISBN:

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Abstract: Black and Scholes (1973) implied volatilities tend to be systematically related to the option's exercise price and time to expiration. Derman and Kani (1994), Dupire (1994), and Rubinstein (1994) attribute this behavior to the fact that the Black-Scholes constant volatility assumption is violated in practice. These authors hypothesize that the volatility of the underlying asset's return is a deterministic function of the asset price and time and develop the deterministic volatility function (DVF) option valuation model, which has the potential of fitting the observed cross-section of option prices exactly. Using a sample of S & P 500 index options during the period June 1988 through December 1993, we evaluate the economic significance of the implied deterministic volatility function by examining the predictive and hedging performance of the DV option valuation model. We find that its performance is worse than that of an ad hoc Black-Scholes model with variable implied volatilities.