Vestibular Compensation
Author | : Michel Lacour |
Publisher | : |
Total Pages | : 324 |
Release | : 1989 |
Genre | : Nervous system |
ISBN | : |
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Author | : Michel Lacour |
Publisher | : |
Total Pages | : 324 |
Release | : 1989 |
Genre | : Nervous system |
ISBN | : |
Author | : Béla Büki |
Publisher | : OUP Oxford |
Total Pages | : 193 |
Release | : 2013-12-19 |
Genre | : Medical |
ISBN | : 0191501921 |
Vertigo and dizziness rate among the most frequently occurring presenting complaints in neurology and in general medical practice. Since most patients do not have acute complaints at the time of examination, the clinician requires keen judgment in making a diagnosis, as patients often report confusing, real, or hypothetical causes of their problems. An improvement in the scientific understanding of vestibular physiology in recent years has led to the development of new diagnostic tests and more effective therapies. However, many of these advances have been slow to be adopted into routine clinical practice. Part of the Oxford Neurology Library (ONL) series, Vertigo and Dizziness helps clinicians improve their management of patients with these conditions. The text provides an overview of clinical vestibular physiology as well as of the latest developments in bedside examination, diagnosis/differential diagnosis, and state-of-the-art therapy. Vertigo and Dizziness serves as an essential clinical guide for neurologists, otorhinolaryngologists, and trainees in those disciplines, and for general practitioners and medical students.
Author | : Seilesh Babu |
Publisher | : Springer |
Total Pages | : 391 |
Release | : 2019-01-24 |
Genre | : Medical |
ISBN | : 3319978586 |
This text reviews the current understanding of vestibular anatomy allowing for a framework of reference, and how it's applied to vestibular testing, diagnosis and management of dizziness. Vestibular testing is an important tool in the evaluation and management of the patient with dizziness. It aids in establishing a diagnosis and determining the side or site of the lesion. In addition, it guides practitioners in selection of treatment and allows the ability of the patient’s condition to be evaluated over its time course. Common vestibular pathologies such as benign positional vertigo, Meniere’s disease, multisensory imbalance, vestibular neuritis, superior canal dehiscence, and vestibular migraine will be addressed in a concise and understandable manner. The text follows a clear format in which the etiology, pathophysiology, diagnostic features and medical or surgical management of such pathologies are discussed. The book gains increased importance as superior canal dehiscence and vestibular migraine are relatively new hot topics. Lastly, relatively rare entities such as bilateral vestibular hypofunction, pediatric vestibular disorders and central vestibular disorders are discussed. This text serves as a complete reference for clinicians, students and researchers interested in this common and severe disorder allowing for improved patient care and advancement of knowledge in the field. Chapters are written by acknowledged experts, allowing summary review of the newest and most up-to-date understanding of scientific information. Diagnosis and Treatment of Vestibular Disorders will be an invaluable resource for otolaryngologists, neurologists, otologists and neurotologists, basic science and translational researchers with interests in the vestibular system, fellows and residents in aforementioned fields, and general practitioners with an interest in patients with symptoms of dizziness.
Author | : Griffin Bennett |
Publisher | : |
Total Pages | : 45 |
Release | : 2020 |
Genre | : |
ISBN | : |
ABSTRACT: Background: Vestibular neuritis (VN) is a common unilateral vestibular disorder. VN may result in a decreased or altered function of the vestibular system, called vestibular hypofunction, which results in symptoms of dizziness, nausea, and imbalance. Treatment for vestibular hypofunction has been largely pharmaceutical with minimal improvements in symptoms. Vestibular rehabilitation, with a focus on compensation of the vestibular system, is an alternative form of treatment for patients experiencing these symptoms. Our patient of interest is a 24 year old male veteran with VN and a history of post-traumatic stress disorder, attention deficit disorder and multiple concussions resulting in reduced memory. The purpose of this literature review was to determine if vestibular rehabilitation with an emphasis on vestibular compensation is an effective treatment for relieving symptoms of vestibular hypofunction. Methods: A comprehensive search was performed using the databases: CINAHL, Cochrane, PubMed, and UptoDate. The search strings yielded an initial 333 articles. This manuscript included peer-reviewed articles that evaluated the effects of vestibular compensation exercises on the reduction of symptoms of dizziness, nausea, and imbalance in adults ages 19-44 years. Studies were excluded if they included non-human subjects, were not full text, or used acute manual treatments such as the Epley Maneuver. The articles that met our criteria were critically appraised to assess the validity and quality of the research. Any disagreements were settled by a third researcher. Results: The appraisal process eliminated 3 articles due to threats to internal validity, bias, and lack of subgroup analysis. The 4 remaining articles included one clinical practice guideline and three intervention-based assessments, which were used in formulating the clinical decision. The evidence supported vestibular rehabilitation as a treatment for symptoms of vestibular hypofunction resulting from VN. Discussion/Conclusion: The evidence supported the use of vestibular rehabilitation with a focus on vestibular compensation as a treatment to relieve symptoms of VN, however, the research on the topic is limited. Current literature on the topic have significant validity issues, with varying outcome measures, and small sample sizes. More studies with standardized measures need to be done in order to effectively compare the effects of vestibular compensation exercises on the chronic symptoms of vestibular hypofunction.
Author | : Susan J. Herdman |
Publisher | : F.A. Davis |
Total Pages | : 657 |
Release | : 2014-07-24 |
Genre | : Medical |
ISBN | : 0803640811 |
Recognized as two of the world's leading authorities on the subject, Susan Herdman and Richard Clendaniel, joined by a team of expert contributors, deliver the 4th Edition of the field's definitive text on the management of vestibular diseases and disorders. From assessment through therapy, they present the scientific and clinical knowledge you need to distinguish between vestibular and non-vestibular dizziness and to plan and implement the appropriate treatments.
Author | : Joseph M. Furman |
Publisher | : Oxford University Press, USA |
Total Pages | : 417 |
Release | : 2010 |
Genre | : Medical |
ISBN | : 0195333209 |
Using a case-oriented approach, this practical text provides evidence-based guidance related to the evaluation and management of persons with balance and vestibular disorders. The text benefits by the combined expertise of a neurologist, a neurotological surgeon, and a physical therapist.
Author | : Robert William Baloh |
Publisher | : |
Total Pages | : 722 |
Release | : 1996 |
Genre | : Medical |
ISBN | : |
An up-to-date, comprehensive review of disorders of the vestibular system authored by some of the most prominent experts in the field, this book covers basic vestibular mechanisms, clinical evaluation, common vestibular diseases, and treatment of vertigo. Part I reviews the anatomy and physiology of the vestibular system focusing on clinically relevant material. Part II analyzes specific details in the patient's history, examination, and laboratory evaluation pointing to the probable site of lesion and likely pathophysiology. Patient history is emphasized since it is the critical first step in understanding the patient's complaints. Part III covers the differential diagnosis and specific treatments of common neurologic disorders. A separate chapter surveys the common syndromes encountered in neurotology. Part IV discusses general principles of treatment relevant to all vestibular disorders. Designed primarily to help physicians who treat patients complaining of dizziness, this book is also a complete source of reference to practitioners in internal medicine, family practice, otolaryngology, neurology, head and neck surgery, and neurosurgery.
Author | : National Aeronautics and Space Adm Nasa |
Publisher | : Independently Published |
Total Pages | : 26 |
Release | : 2018-10-18 |
Genre | : Science |
ISBN | : 9781728915074 |
The following topics are reported: neurophysiological studies on MVN neurons during vestibular compensation; effects of spinal cord lesions on VNC neurons during compensation; a closed-loop vestibular compensation model for horizontally canal-related MVN neurons; spatiotemporal convergence in VNC neurons; contributions of irregularly firing vestibular afferents to linear and angular VOR's; application to flight studies; metabolic measures in vestibular neurons; immediate early gene expression following vestibular stimulation; morphological studies on primary afferents, central vestibular pathways, vestibular efferent projection to the vestibular end organs, and three-dimensional morphometry and imaging. Perachio, Adrian A. (Principal Investigator) Ames Research Center NAG2-26
Author | : Galen David Kaufman |
Publisher | : |
Total Pages | : 414 |
Release | : 1993 |
Genre | : |
ISBN | : |
Author | : Raquel Sweezie |
Publisher | : |
Total Pages | : 370 |
Release | : 2011 |
Genre | : |
ISBN | : 9780494780312 |
The vestibular system provides us with sensory information that is essential for maintaining balance and stability. When sensory input is lost due to unilateral vestibular damage (UVD), our ability to maintain stable gaze and posture becomes compromised. Over time, vestibular function is partially restored through a process known as vestibular compensation, which is associated with the rebalancing of activity in the vestibular nuclear complex (VNC) of the brainstem. However, the physiological mechanisms associated with vestibular compensation remain elusive. We addressed several different experimental objectives pertaining to plasticity and sensory adaptation associated with vestibular compensation. First, we demonstrated that systemic manipulation of gamma-amino-butyric acid type B (GABAB) receptors altered the course of vestibular behavioural recovery within the first several hours after UVD. Second, we showed that immunohistochemical labeling of the alpha-amino-3-hydroxy-5-methyl-4-isoxazolepropionic acid (AMPA) receptor subunit GluR4 was elevated in the VNC on the intact compared to lesioned side acutely following UVD. Third, we produced preliminary data suggesting that excitatory responses to vestibular nerve stimulation may be acutely potentiated by UVD on the intact side. Finally, we established that rapid sensory adaptation may increase the dynamic ranges of vestibular neurons and perhaps improve limited vestibular reflex function in the long term. Acutely following UVD, potentiation of vestibular nerve synapses appear to be associated with an increase in GluR4 subunit expression in the contralesional VNC. Also, such potentiation could be enhanced by acute modifications in pre-synaptic GABAB receptor activation. In the long term, and independent of these plastic changes, sensory adaptation may enable the vestibular system to overcome the persistent limitations imposed by UVD.