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Nanoelectromechanical Systems

Nanoelectromechanical Systems
Author: Laurent Duraffourg
Publisher: John Wiley & Sons
Total Pages: 212
Release: 2015-06-29
Genre: Technology & Engineering
ISBN: 1848216696

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This book will present the theoretical and technological elements of nanosystems. Among the different topics discussed, the authors include the electromechanical properties of NEMS, the scaling effects that give these their interesting properties for different applications and the current manufacturing processes. The authors aim to provide useful tools for future readers and will provide an accurate picture of current and future research in the field.


Nano and Microsensors for Chemical and Biological Terrorism Surveillance

Nano and Microsensors for Chemical and Biological Terrorism Surveillance
Author: Jeffrey B-H Tok
Publisher: Royal Society of Chemistry
Total Pages: 221
Release: 2008-09-29
Genre: Science
ISBN: 1847558550

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The 9/11 attack on US soil has inadvertently heightened the need for preparation for other potential means of terrorist attack. In particular, both biological and chemical warfare have been at the top of the priority list for most governmental agencies as these reagents can be covertly prepared and disseminated to result in both widespread fear and casualty. Among many others, one primary preventive step in preparing for the above attacks is to establish a network for efficient surveillance and rapid detection such that an appropriate response to such attacks can be timely and effective. Over the years, primarily due to technological advances, both chemical and biological agents that are able to inflict mass destructions are becoming more diverse and complex. Subsequently, improvement of sensing devices for rapid and sensitive detection should also be made to keep pace with these engineered or emerging threat agents. Of particular interest, the ability to encompass advances in micro and nanofabrication techniques to enable sensing devices are especially of interest as they have been shown to offer desired advantages such as improved and enhanced functionality, increased efficiency and speed in their readout, reduction in their fabrication cost, and also reduced reagent consumption. Numerous innovative and exciting reports which took advantage of these techniques for both chemical and biological sensing have appeared over the last decade. This unique book is the only current publication that provides readers with a brief, yet concise, collection of the latest advances in chemical and biological agent detection and/or their surveillance. It compiles and gives in-depth detail on several detection schemes so that the reader can be provided with a general sense of these micro and nanoscale sensing systems and platforms. The book covers both well established and "next-generation" micro- and nano-scale sensors and/or sensing platforms. Sensors or sensing platforms covered range from the novel utilization of nanotubes, cantilevers, nano and/or microsized pores, engineered whole cell, to polymeric transistors for sensing purposes. As a result of these advances there has been a synergistic marriage of a myriad of techniques, ranging from chemical, engineering and biological, for the development of sensors, which was once traditionally thought to be reserved for the immunologists. The enabling of these new technologies will result in a much improved sensing network for the detection and surveillance of both chemical and biological warfare agents.The book also contains chapters from leading experts in the field of chemical and biological sensing platforms and will be invaluable reading for anybody in this field.


A Matter of Density

A Matter of Density
Author: N. Sukumar
Publisher: John Wiley & Sons
Total Pages: 263
Release: 2012-09-18
Genre: Science
ISBN: 1118431723

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The origins and significance of electron density in the chemical, biological, and materials sciences Electron density is one of the fundamental concepts underlying modern chemistry and one of the key determinants of molecular structure and stability. It is also the basic variable of density functional theory, which has made possible, in recent years, the application of the mathematical theory of quantum physics to chemical and biological systems. With an equal emphasis on computational and philosophical questions, A Matter of Density: Exploring the Electron Density Concept in the Chemical, Biological, and Materials Sciences addresses the foundations, analysis, and applications of this pivotal chemical concept. The first part of the book presents a coherent and logically connected treatment of the theoretical foundations of the electron density concept. Discussion includes the use of probabilities in statistical physics; the origins of quantum mechanics; the philosophical questions at the heart of quantum theory, like quantum entanglement; and methods for the experimental determination of electron density distributions. The remainder of the book deals with applications of the electron density concept in the chemical, biological, and materials sciences. Contributors offer insights on how a deep understanding of the origins of chemical reactivity can be gleaned from the concepts of density functional theory. Also discussed are the applications of electron density in molecular similarity analysis and electron density-derived molecular descriptors, such as electrostatic potentials and local ionization energies. This section concludes with some applications of modern density functional theory to surfaces and interfaces. An essential reference for students as well as quantum and computational chemists, physical chemists, and physicists, this book offers an unparalleled look at the development of the concept of electron density from its inception to its role in density functional theory, which led to the 1998 Nobel Prize in Chemistry.


Piezoelectric MEMS Resonators

Piezoelectric MEMS Resonators
Author: Harmeet Bhugra
Publisher: Springer
Total Pages: 423
Release: 2017-01-09
Genre: Technology & Engineering
ISBN: 3319286889

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This book introduces piezoelectric microelectromechanical (pMEMS) resonators to a broad audience by reviewing design techniques including use of finite element modeling, testing and qualification of resonators, and fabrication and large scale manufacturing techniques to help inspire future research and entrepreneurial activities in pMEMS. The authors discuss the most exciting developments in the area of materials and devices for the making of piezoelectric MEMS resonators, and offer direct examples of the technical challenges that need to be overcome in order to commercialize these types of devices. Some of the topics covered include: Widely-used piezoelectric materials, as well as materials in which there is emerging interest Principle of operation and design approaches for the making of flexural, contour-mode, thickness-mode, and shear-mode piezoelectric resonators, and examples of practical implementation of these devices Large scale manufacturing approaches, with a focus on the practical aspects associated with testing and qualification Examples of commercialization paths for piezoelectric MEMS resonators in the timing and the filter markets ...and more! The authors present industry and academic perspectives, making this book ideal for engineers, graduate students, and researchers.


Graphene Science Handbook

Graphene Science Handbook
Author: Mahmood Aliofkhazraei
Publisher: CRC Press
Total Pages: 514
Release: 2016-04-21
Genre: Science
ISBN: 1466591366

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Size Up the Short- and Long-Term Effects of GrapheneThe Graphene Science Handbook is a six-volume set that describes graphene's special structural, electrical, and chemical properties. The book considers how these properties can be used in different applications (including the development of batteries, fuel cells, photovoltaic cells, and supercapac


Application Oriented Batch Fabrication and System Level Integration of Thermal-piezoresistive and Piezoelectric M/NEMS Resonators

Application Oriented Batch Fabrication and System Level Integration of Thermal-piezoresistive and Piezoelectric M/NEMS Resonators
Author: Emad Mehdizadeh
Publisher:
Total Pages: 276
Release: 2015
Genre: Air quality
ISBN:

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Today micro- and nano-electromechanical (MEMS and NEMS) resonant sensors are integral to numerous industrial, environmental, and biomedical applications. Traditionally capacitive and piezoelectric have been the primary options for transduction of high frequency resonant structures. When direct contact with the surrounding environment is needed, however, capacitive resonators are not suitable candidates due to their low Qs and vulnerability to contaminants. Recent developments in the field of high frequency thermally actuated MEMS resonators with piezoresistive detection have enabled a great deal of opportunities for realization of more robust, reliable and sensitive sensing platforms. Such monolithic structures can be conveniently implemented at micro and nanoscale without any fabrication challenges or the need for material integration. Self-sustained oscillation capability and design flexibility for sensory applications are among other unique properties that thermal-piezoresistive transduction offers. The objective of the present research is to explore the untapped potentials of thermal-piezoresistive transduction for expanding the horizons of the field of N/MEMS resonant sensors. Moreover, a new class of piezoelectric MEMS resonant structures capable of operating in liquid media is developed and its potential as a direct real-time chemical and biological sensor is investigated. Low-cost batch fabrication of nanoelectromechanical devices and controllable feature size reduction of such will be among other topics being addressed in the current study. In particular, the crystalline structure of silicon will be exploited to realize nanowires with smooth surface and any length and cross-sectional dimensions using only conventional microfabrication processes.


Textbook of Nanoscience and Nanotechnology

Textbook of Nanoscience and Nanotechnology
Author: B.S. Murty
Publisher: Springer Science & Business Media
Total Pages: 256
Release: 2013-12-06
Genre: Technology & Engineering
ISBN: 3642280307

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This book is meant to serve as a textbook for beginners in the field of nanoscience and nanotechnology. It can also be used as additional reading in this multifaceted area. It covers the entire spectrum of nanoscience and technology: introduction, terminology, historical perspectives of this domain of science, unique and widely differing properties, advances in the various synthesis, consolidation and characterization techniques, applications of nanoscience and technology and emerging materials and technologies.


Nanoscale Ferroelectrics and Multiferroics

Nanoscale Ferroelectrics and Multiferroics
Author: Miguel Alguero
Publisher: John Wiley & Sons
Total Pages: 984
Release: 2016-03-21
Genre: Technology & Engineering
ISBN: 1118935705

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This two volume set reviews the key issues in processing and characterization of nanoscale ferroelectrics and multiferroics, and provides a comprehensive description of their properties, with an emphasis in differentiating size effects of extrinsic ones like boundary or interface effects. Recently described nanoscale novel phenomena are also addressed. Organized into three parts it addresses key issues in processing (nanostructuring), characterization (of the nanostructured materials) and nanoscale effects. Taking full advantage of the synergies between nanoscale ferroelectrics and multiferroics, the text covers materials nanostructured at all levels, from ceramic technologies like ferroelectric nanopowders, bulk nanostructured ceramics and thick films, and magnetoelectric nanocomposites, to thin films, either polycrystalline layer heterostructures or epitaxial systems, and to nanoscale free standing objects with specific geometries, such as nanowires and tubes at different levels of development. This set is developed from the high level European scientific knowledge platform built within the COST (European Cooperation in Science and Technology) Action on Single and multiphase ferroics and multiferroics with restricted geometries (SIMUFER, ref. MP0904). Chapter contributors have been carefully selected, and have all made major contributions to knowledge of the respective topics, and overall, they are among most respected scientists in the field.