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Value, Obligation, and Meta-Ethics

Value, Obligation, and Meta-Ethics
Author: Robin Attfield
Publisher: BRILL
Total Pages: 339
Release: 2020-10-12
Genre: Philosophy
ISBN: 9004433546

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This work defends an interrelated set of theses in value-theory, normative ethics and meta-ethics. The three Parts correspond to these three areas. Part One (Value) defends a biocentric theory of moral standing, and then the coherence and objectivity of belief in intrinsic value, despite recent objections. Intrinsic value is located in the flourishing of living creatures; specifically, a neo-Aristotelian, species-relative account is supplied of wellbeing or flourishing, in terms of the development of the essential capacities of one's species. There follows a theory of priorities, or of relative intrinsic value, in which the satisfaction of basic needs takes priority over other needs and over wants, and the interests of complex and sophisticated creatures over those of others, where they are at stake. Part Two defends a practice-consequentialist theory of the criteria of rightness and of obligation, which leaves room for supererogation, underpins our intuitions about justice, commends population growth only where it is genuinely desirable, and responds better than act-consequentialism to objections like that concerned with the separateness of persons. Part Three sifts meta-ethical theories, rejects moral relativism, and defends a cognitivist and naturalist meta-ethic. In defending analytical naturalism, it takes into account the latest literature on supervenience. By responding to recent discussions, this study supersedes my Theory of Value and Obligation (1987). It is equipped with detailed end-notes and an ample bibliography, which could prove a research tool of itself.


A Theory of Value and Obligation

A Theory of Value and Obligation
Author: Robin Attfield
Publisher: Routledge
Total Pages: 219
Release: 2020-07-20
Genre: Philosophy
ISBN: 1000029166

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Originally published in 1987 and re-issued in 2020 with a new Preface, this book presents and elaborates interrelated solutions to a number of problems in moral philosophy, from the location of intrinsic value and the nature of a worthwhile life, via the limits of obligation and the nature of justice, to the status of moral utterances. After developing a biocentric account of moral standing, the author locates worthwhile life in the development of the generic capacities of a creature, whether human or nonhuman, and presents an account of relative intrinsic value which later generates a theory of interspecific justice. This value-theory also informs a consequentialist understanding of obligation, of moral rightness and of supererogation. The understanding thus supplied is shown to cope with the problems of integrity, of justice and of the ‘Repugnant Conclusion’ in population ethics. A cognitivist account of ethical conclusions such as those so far reached is then defended against non-cognitivist and relativist objections and a far-reaching naturalist theory is defended, integrating earlier conclusions with an account of the logic of the fundamental ethical concepts. This wide-ranging volume which maps the whole area of morality is thoroughly argued with reference both to contemporary philosophical developments and to classical theories.


Moral Obligations

Moral Obligations
Author: Thomas E. Wren
Publisher: Routledge
Total Pages: 209
Release: 2017-07-12
Genre: Philosophy
ISBN: 135150469X

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There are many ways of writing about the moral life; Moral Obligations follows the way of what philosophers call ""meta-ethics"": the analysis, not of particular moral problems, but of how the concepts used in formulating and solving them, concepts like ""right"" and ""obligatory,"" have significance and power over us. The meta-ethical part of this book is preceded by a discussion of action, in which Wren lays the foundations for the argument that moral obligation is a part of the formal structure of human agency. Wren's argument is practical and social-psychological: it is to help all, starting with those who are already committed to some version of the ethic of individual dignity, to promote interagency fellowship and peace as a result of seeing a certain truth, namely, the truth that the urgency of their feelings of moral obligation derives from a unspoken intention to belong to a community of agents. Moral Obligations begins with the philosophy of action, and then it reviews the historical debate about the nature of obligation and its social context. This is followed by a section about action in general: it establishes the standpoint of the agent and makes an inventory of several species of action. Later chapters summarize the foregoing themes, with emphasis on the unspoken side of intention, and develop them in conjunction with an analysis of the hypothetical imperative. The work closes with a discussion of the dilemma of membership in competing moral communities.


Kantian Ethics

Kantian Ethics
Author: Robert Stern
Publisher: Oxford University Press, USA
Total Pages: 295
Release: 2015
Genre: Philosophy
ISBN: 019872229X

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This volume presents a selection of Robert Stern's work on the theme of Kantian ethics. The topics he explores include value, perfectionism, agency, autonomy, moral motivation, moral scepticism, and obligation, and he consider the influence of Kant's ethics on subsequent thinkers, up to the present day.


Moral Philosophy

Moral Philosophy
Author: Richard T. Garner
Publisher: New York : Macmillan
Total Pages: 388
Release: 1967
Genre: Ethics
ISBN:

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Part one : Normative ethics. Theories and ethical theories -- Normative ethics and logic -- Egoism -- Utilitarianism -- Deontological theories -- Theories of value -- What is good? -- Part two : Related nonnormative questions. Relativism -- Freedom -- Part three : Meta-ethics. Meta-ethics -- Cognitivist definist theories -- Cognitivist nondefinist theories -- Noncognitivist theories.


Ethics of the Global Environment

Ethics of the Global Environment
Author: Robin Attfield
Publisher: Edinburgh University Press
Total Pages: 255
Release: 2015-02-12
Genre: Philosophy
ISBN: 0748654860

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This fully updated and expanded textbook looks at issues including climate change, sustainable development and biodiversity preservation, and sensitively addresses global developments such as the Summits at Durban on climate and at Nagoya on biodiversity.


Ethics: An Overview

Ethics: An Overview
Author: Robin Attfield
Publisher: Bloomsbury Publishing
Total Pages: 281
Release: 2012-03-08
Genre: Philosophy
ISBN: 1441135103

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This is the definitive companion to the study of ethics. It provides students with an accessible, comprehensive and philosophically rigorous introduction to the major thinkers, issues and debates. Ideal for use on undergraduate courses, but also of lasting value for postgraduate students, the structure and content of this textbook closely reflect the way ethics is studied. Thematically structured, the text provides a historical overview of the subject and a comprehensive introduction to the main branches of ethics: meta-ethics, normative ethics and applied ethics. The book also includes coverage of key aspects of value-theory and key issues concerning agency and moral responsibility. It applies ethics to contemporary issues such as climate change, the environment, development, poverty and war. Crucially, the book encourages students to do ethics for themselves, equipping the reader with a wide-ranging grasp of the discipline in all its central areas of contemporary study and reflection. Robin Attfield's cogent and thorough analysis is supplemented by student-friendly features, including chapter summaries, study questions, exercises, and a comprehensive guide to further reading and other resources.


Of Moral Conduct

Of Moral Conduct
Author: Robert Audi
Publisher: Cambridge University Press
Total Pages: 321
Release: 2023-06-30
Genre: Philosophy
ISBN: 1009267019

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A comprehensive original ethics of conduct, spanning moral theory, practical ethics, and theories of both obligation and intrinsic value.


Environmental Ethics

Environmental Ethics
Author: Robin Attfield
Publisher: John Wiley & Sons
Total Pages: 271
Release: 2014-04-03
Genre: Political Science
ISBN: 0745682286

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In this clear, concise, comprehensively revised and up-to-date introduction to environmental ethics, Robin Attfield guides the student through the key issues and debates in this field in ways that will also be of interest to a wide range of scholars and researchers. The book introduces environmental problems and environmental ethics and surveys theories of the sources of the problems. Attfield also puts forward his own original contribution to the debates, advocating biocentric consequentialism among theories of normative ethics and defending objectivism in meta-ethics. The possibilities of ethical consumerism and investment are discussed, and the nature and basis of responsibilities for future generations in such areas as sustainable development are given detailed consideration. Attfield adopts an inclusive, cosmopolitan perspective in discussions of global ethics and citizenship, and illustrates his argument with a discussion of global warming, mitigation, adaptation and global justice. The revised edition features a new chapter on climate change, new treatments of animal issues, ecofeminism, environmental aesthetics, invasion biology and virtue ethics, and new applications of the precautionary principle to fisheries, genetic engineering and synthetic biology. The glossary and bibliography have been updated to assist understanding of these themes. The text uses a range of devices to aid understanding, such as summaries of key issues, and guides to further reading and relevant websites. It has been written particularly with a view to the needs of students taking courses in environmental ethics, and will be of interest to students and scholars of philosophy, ethics, geography, religion and environmental studies.