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Valuation of Urban Air Pollution

Valuation of Urban Air Pollution
Author: Usha Gupta
Publisher:
Total Pages: 40
Release: 2006
Genre: Air
ISBN: 9789994681051

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Urban Air Pollution in Asian Cities

Urban Air Pollution in Asian Cities
Author: Dieter Schwela
Publisher: Routledge
Total Pages: 297
Release: 2012-05-16
Genre: Architecture
ISBN: 1136549374

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Air pollution has become part of the daily existence of many people who work, live and use the streets in Asian cities. Each day millions of city dwellers breathe air polluted with concentrations of chemicals, smoke and particles that dramatically exceed World Health Organization guideline values. Deteriorating air quality has resulted in significant impacts on human health and environment in Asia. This book provides a comprehensive and comparative assessment of the current status and challenges in urban air pollution management in 20 cities in the Asian region. It examines the effects on human health and the environment and future implications for planning, transport and energy sectors. National and local governments have begun to develop air quality management strategies to address the deterioration in urban air quality; however, the scope and effectiveness of such strategies vary widely. This book benchmarks these air quality management strategies, examines successes and failures in these cities and presents strategies for improving air quality management in cities across Asia and the rest of our rapidly urbanizing world. Information on air quality in Asia is clearly presented with easy-to-read city profiles, tables and graphs. This is an essential resource for all those concerned with urban air quality management, not just in Asia but in cities across our rapidly urbanizing world. Cities covered Bangkok, Beijing, Busan, Colombo, Dhaka, Hanoi, Ho Chi Minh City, Hong Kong, Jakarta, Kathmandu, Kolkata, Metro Manila, Mumbai, New Delhi, Seoul, Shanghai, Singapore, Surabaya, Taipei and Tokyo


Urban Air Pollution - European Aspects

Urban Air Pollution - European Aspects
Author: J. Fenger
Publisher: Springer Science & Business Media
Total Pages: 500
Release: 2013-03-09
Genre: Science
ISBN: 940159080X

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This European Community-initiated book presents an up-to-date account of the air pollution situation with special reference to European cities. Its structure follows by and large the logical chain of events in air pollution, from sources, through dispersion and deposition, to impacts.


Preferences Over Prosperity and Pollution

Preferences Over Prosperity and Pollution
Author: Heinz Welsch
Publisher:
Total Pages: 0
Release: 2014
Genre:
ISBN:

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This paper uses cross-national data from happiness surveys, jointly with data on per capita income and pollution, to examine how self-reported well-being varies with prosperity and environmental conditions. This approach allows us to show that citizens care about prosperity and the environment, and to calculate the trade-off people are willing to make between them. The paper finds that the effect of urban air pollution on subjective well-being shows up as a considerable monetary valuation of improved air quality. For instance, a representative German citizen would need to be given more than $1900 per year in order to accept the typical urban air pollution level prevailing in Japan. The subjective marginal valuation of air pollution is compared with marginal abatement costs from the literature.


Environmental Valuation

Environmental Valuation
Author: Jennifer Rietbergen-McCracken
Publisher: Routledge
Total Pages: 289
Release: 2013-10-11
Genre: Business & Economics
ISBN: 1134199171

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This companion volume to Economic Instruments for Environmental Management presents essential information on the applications of economic valuation to environment and development. It draws on a three-year collaborative effort by research institutions around the world. Authoritative studies review the range of valuation methods used in developing economies, their purposes, the problems encountered and the quality of the results. Topics covered include the value of wildlife viewing, the conservation of rainforests, mangroves and coral reefs, supplying rural water, and controlling urban air pollution. The analysis reveals important methodological and contextual factors, highlighting key lessons and ways of strengthening future valuations. Written to be accessible to non-economists, the book provides source material for students and academics, and for policy-makers and professionals, using valuation methods to frame policy.


The Politics of Improving Urban Air Quality

The Politics of Improving Urban Air Quality
Author: Wyn Grant
Publisher: Edward Elgar Publishing
Total Pages: 208
Release: 1999
Genre: Nature
ISBN:

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This work sets out clearly how to work towards effective policies for improved urban air quality. The authors argue that designing and implementing successful policies requires institution-building that works towards consensus among a range of potentially-divergent interest groups.


Urban Air Quality Management Strategy in Asia

Urban Air Quality Management Strategy in Asia
Author: Jitendra J. Shah
Publisher: World Bank Publications
Total Pages: 192
Release: 1997-01-01
Genre: Nature
ISBN: 9780821340325

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World Bank Technical Paper No. 385. MERCOSUR, the Common Market of the Southern Cone, was established to liberalize the movement of goods and services, eliminate customs duties, and coordinate macroeconomic and sectoral polices. Competition policy has been the subject of coordination at the MERCOSUR level. This paper provides an assessment of the legislative and enforcement effectiveness of the competition framework of the four MERCOSUR countries and gives specific recommendations for reform. MERCOSUR, formed in 1991 under the Treaty of Asuncion, currently consists of Argentina, Brazil, Paraguay, and Uruguay with Chile and Bolivia as associate members.


Urban Air Quality Monitoring, Modelling and Human Exposure Assessment

Urban Air Quality Monitoring, Modelling and Human Exposure Assessment
Author: S. M. Shiva Nagendra
Publisher: Springer Nature
Total Pages: 454
Release: 2020-09-24
Genre: Science
ISBN: 9811555117

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This contributed volume is primarily intended for graduate and professional audiences. The book provides a basic understanding of urban air quality issues, root causes for local and urban air pollution, monitoring and modelling techniques, assessment, and control options to manage air quality at local and urban scale. The book also offers useful information on indoor air quality and smart sensors, which are gaining much importance in current times.


Urban Air Pollution Modelling

Urban Air Pollution Modelling
Author: Michael M. Benarie
Publisher: Springer
Total Pages: 421
Release: 2015-12-26
Genre: Science
ISBN: 1349036390

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This book brings together the methods, models and formulae used for estimating air pollution concentrations in urban areas. From the ForewordThe visible effects of pollution in most cities in the developed countries have been reduced dramatically in the past thirty years. This has been achieved to a large extent by the replacement of most of the low-level sources, which burnt raw coal, by more modern appliances using gas, electricity or low-sulphur oil. The killer smog of 1952 could not be repeated unless there were to be a massive return to old-fashioned heating methods, due, for example, to excessive environmental constraints being applied to the more modern energy sources. It is important, therefore, to judge the impact of a new source in terms of its effect on the pattern of existing sources. One should also consider the environmental consequences of rejecting the new installation and examine the alternatives--that its product may either be denied to the community at large, produced elsewhere or produced using existing facilities. These facilities are probably less efficient and may therefore produce more pollution per unit of product than the new plant would. An objective, quantitative, urban-air-pollution model is clearly an essential component in such a decision-making process. Dr. Benarie has produced a distillation of existing modelling techniques which will, I hope, become the launching pad for many future models. As each city is unique, it will need its own tailor-made model, drawing on the best and the most appropriate techniques developed previously. Agreement with observations is the only real test of validity, because the physics and chemistry are so complicated that theoretical arguments are reduced to the role of assisting in the best formulation of the problem. Numerical precision must always rely on measurement. This is the approach that Dr. Benarie has adopted.--David J. Moore, Central Electricity Research Laboratires, Leatherhead, Surrey, UK.


Smog Alert

Smog Alert
Author: Derek Elsom
Publisher: Routledge
Total Pages: 280
Release: 2014-04-04
Genre: Medical
ISBN: 1134165013

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The world's cities are choking on pollution from traffic and industry. With the health of over 1.6 billion people under threat, poor urban air quality is fast becoming one of them most pressing environmental problems of our times. Smog Alert examines the causes and scale of urban air pollution, identifying who is most at risk, and what particular health risks various pollutants pose. It then considers an effective framework for air quality management, so that national and city authorities can consider what pollution control polices and measures are needed to deliver healthy urban air quality, and to sustain it in the future. Having established the background and framework, the book examines the existing and alternative measures to monitor and combat the declining air quality. It assesses smog alert systems; the potential for cleaner car and fuel technology; sustainable traffic management and public transport policies; and methods of controlling both industrial and residential emissions. Detailed case studies illustrate the severity and breadth of the problem - from the first serious photochemical smogs in Los Angeles to the dire warning offered by Mexico City; and from London (the city which coined the word 'smog') to Athens' pollution phenomenon, the 'nefos'. Drawing on the lessons learned from past experience, Smog Alert provides a comprehensive analysis of how health air quality may yet be achieved in the world's cities.