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Ultra-Low-Power Short-Range Radios

Ultra-Low-Power Short-Range Radios
Author: Patrick P. Mercier
Publisher: Springer
Total Pages: 399
Release: 2015-07-21
Genre: Technology & Engineering
ISBN: 3319147145

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This book explores the design of ultra-low-power radio-frequency integrated circuits (RFICs), with communication distances ranging from a few centimeters to a few meters. The authors describe leading-edge techniques to achieve ultra-low-power communication over short-range links. Many different applications are covered, ranging from body-area networks to transcutaneous implant communications and smart-appliance sensor networks. Various design techniques are explained to facilitate each of these applications.


Ultra-Low-Power and Ultra-Low-Cost Short-Range Wireless Receivers in Nanoscale CMOS

Ultra-Low-Power and Ultra-Low-Cost Short-Range Wireless Receivers in Nanoscale CMOS
Author: Zhicheng Lin
Publisher: Springer
Total Pages: 119
Release: 2015-07-25
Genre: Technology & Engineering
ISBN: 3319215248

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This book provides readers with a state-of-the-art description of techniques to be used for ultra-low-power (ULP) and ultra-low-cost (ULC), short-range wireless receivers. Readers will learn what is required to deploy these receivers in short-range wireless sensor networks, which are proliferating widely to serve the internet of things (IoT) for “smart cities.” The authors address key challenges involved with the technology and the typical tradeoffs between ULP and ULC. Three design examples with advanced circuit techniques are described in order to address these trade-offs, which special focus on cost minimization. These three techniques enable respectively, cascading of radio frequency (RF) and baseband (BB) circuits under an ultra-low-voltage (ULV) supply, cascading of RF and BB circuits in current domain for current reuse and a novel function-reuse receiver architecture, suitable for ULV and multi-band ULP applications such as the sub-GHz ZigBee.


Ultra-Low Power FM-UWB Transceivers for IoT

Ultra-Low Power FM-UWB Transceivers for IoT
Author: Vladimir Kopta
Publisher: CRC Press
Total Pages: 224
Release: 2022-09-01
Genre: Technology & Engineering
ISBN: 1000794490

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Over the past two decades we have witnessed the increasing popularity of the internet of things. The vision of billions of connected objects, able to interact with their environment, is the key driver directing the development of future communication devices. Today, power consumption as well as the cost and size of radios remain some of the key obstacles towards fulfilling this vision. Ultra-Low Power FM-UWB Transceivers for IoT presents the latest developments in the field of low power wireless communication. It promotes the FM-UWB modulation scheme as a candidate for short range communication in different IoT scenarios. The FM-UWB has the potential to provide exactly what is missing today. This spread spectrum technique enables significant reduction in transceiver complexity, making it smaller, cheaper and more energy efficient than most alternative options. The book provides an overview of both circuit-level and architectural techniques used in low power radio design, with a comprehensive study of state-of-the-art examples. It summarizes key theoretical aspects of FM-UWB with a glimpse at potential future research directions. Finally, it gives an insight into a full FM-UWB transceiver design, from system level specifications down to transistor level design, demonstrating the modern power reduction circuit techniques. Ultra-Low Power FM-UWB Transceivers for IoT is a perfect text and reference for engineers working in RF IC design and wireless communication, as well as academic staff and graduate students engaged in low power communication systems research.


Design of Ultra-Low Power Impulse Radios

Design of Ultra-Low Power Impulse Radios
Author: Alyssa Apsel
Publisher: Springer Science & Business Media
Total Pages: 159
Release: 2013-10-29
Genre: Technology & Engineering
ISBN: 1461418453

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This book covers the fundamental principles behind the design of ultra-low power radios and how they can form networks to facilitate a variety of applications within healthcare and environmental monitoring, since they may operate for years off a small battery or even harvest energy from the environment. These radios are distinct from conventional radios in that they must operate with very constrained resources and low overhead. This book provides a thorough discussion of the challenges associated with designing radios with such constrained resources, as well as fundamental design concepts and practical approaches to implementing working designs. Coverage includes integrated circuit design, timing and control considerations, fundamental theory behind low power and time domain operation, and network/communication protocol considerations.


Architectures and Synthesizers for Ultra-low Power Fast Frequency-Hopping WSN Radios

Architectures and Synthesizers for Ultra-low Power Fast Frequency-Hopping WSN Radios
Author: Emanuele Lopelli
Publisher: Springer Science & Business Media
Total Pages: 241
Release: 2010-11-19
Genre: Technology & Engineering
ISBN: 9400701837

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Wireless sensor networks have the potential to become the third wireless revolution after wireless voice networks in the 80s and wireless data networks in the late 90s. Unfortunately, radio power consumption is still a major bottleneck to the wide adoption of this technology. Different directions have been explored to minimize the radio consumption, but the major drawback of the proposed solutions is a reduced wireless link robustness. The primary goal of Architectures and Synthesizers for Ultra-low Power Fast Frequency-Hopping WSN Radios is to discuss, in detail, existing and new architectural and circuit level solutions for ultra-low power, robust, uni-directional and bi-directional radio links. Architectures and Synthesizers for Ultra-low Power Fast Frequency-Hopping WSN Radios guides the reader through the many system, circuit and technology trade-offs he will be facing in the design of communication systems for wireless sensor networks. Finally, this book, through different examples realized in both advanced CMOS and bipolar technologies opens a new path in the radio design, showing how radio link robustness can be guaranteed by techniques that were previously exclusively used in radio systems for middle or high end applications like Bluetooth and military communications while still minimizing the overall system power consumption.


Analysis and Design on Low-power Short-range Radios for Wireless Body Area Networks

Analysis and Design on Low-power Short-range Radios for Wireless Body Area Networks
Author: Jiao Cheng
Publisher:
Total Pages: 83
Release: 2014
Genre: Biosensors
ISBN:

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The release of the IEEE802.15.6 standard has led to increased interest in low-power technologies for wireless body-area-networks (WBANs). The power dissipation, supply voltage, and die area are some of the most important criteria for successful WBAN implementations. Digital-intensive RX architectures can potentially result in sub-1V operation with significant reductions in power consumption and area, but require system and circuit-level innovations to achieve desired sensitivity and linearity. A PSK receiver (RX) is proposed that employs a digital-intensive architecture based on sub-sampling, Q-enhancement, and digital IF to enable lowpower (1.3mW) and low-voltage (0.6V) operation. Implemented in 65nm CMOS, this work is compatible with the IEEE 802.15.6 narrowband physical layer specification and achieves -91dBm and -96dBm sensitivity at 10−3 BER for [pi]/4DQPSK and [pi]/2-DBPSK modulation, respectively. The proposed highly-digital architecture and supply voltage scaling lead to a 3x improvement in RX energy efficiency and minimize silicon area consumption (~0.35mm2 in 65nm CMOS) while achieving state-of-the-art sensitivity. While this implementation focuses on IEEE 802.15.6 narrowband demodulation, the proposed architecture and circuit techniques are generally applicable to RX targeting ultra-low power consumption for sensor networks.


Fully-Depleted SOI CMOS Circuits and Technology for Ultralow-Power Applications

Fully-Depleted SOI CMOS Circuits and Technology for Ultralow-Power Applications
Author: Takayasu Sakurai
Publisher: Springer Science & Business Media
Total Pages: 420
Release: 2007-02-01
Genre: Technology & Engineering
ISBN: 0387292187

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Fully-depleted SOI CMOS Circuits and Technology for Ultralow-Power Applications addresses the problem of reducing the supply voltage of conventional circuits for ultralow-power operation and explains power-efficient MTCMOS circuit design for FD-SOI devices at a supply voltage of 0.5 V. The topics include the minimum required knowledge of the fabrication of SOI substrates; FD-SOI devices and the latest developments in device and process technologies; and ultralow-voltage circuits, such as digital circuits, analog/RF circuits, and DC-DC converters. Each ultra-low-power technique related to devices and circuits is fully explained using figures to help understanding.


Adaptive Digital Circuits for Power-Performance Range beyond Wide Voltage Scaling

Adaptive Digital Circuits for Power-Performance Range beyond Wide Voltage Scaling
Author: Saurabh Jain
Publisher: Springer Nature
Total Pages: 178
Release: 2020-02-27
Genre: Technology & Engineering
ISBN: 3030387968

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This book offers the first comprehensive coverage of digital design techniques to expand the power-performance tradeoff well beyond that allowed by conventional wide voltage scaling. Compared to conventional fixed designs, the approach described in this book makes digital circuits more versatile and adaptive, allowing simultaneous optimization at both ends of the power-performance spectrum. Drop-in solutions for fully automated and low-effort design based on commercial CAD tools are discussed extensively for processors, accelerators and on-chip memories, and are applicable to prominent applications (e.g., IoT, AI, wearables, biomedical). Through the higher power-performance versatility techniques described in this book, readers are enabled to reduce the design effort through reuse of the same digital design instance, across a wide range of applications. All concepts the authors discuss are demonstrated by dedicated testchip designs and experimental results. To make the results immediately usable by the reader, all the scripts necessary to create automated design flows based on commercial tools are provided and explained.


High-Density Integrated Electrocortical Neural Interfaces

High-Density Integrated Electrocortical Neural Interfaces
Author: Sohmyung Ha
Publisher: Academic Press
Total Pages: 210
Release: 2019-08-03
Genre: Science
ISBN: 0128151161

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High-Density Integrated Electrocortical Neural Interfaces provides a basic understanding, design strategies and implementation applications for electrocortical neural interfaces with a focus on integrated circuit design technologies. A wide variety of topics associated with the design and application of electrocortical neural implants are covered in this book. Written by leading experts in the field— Dr. Sohmyung Ha, Dr. Chul Kim, Dr. Patrick P. Mercier and Dr. Gert Cauwenberghs —the book discusses basic principles and practical design strategies of electrocorticography, electrode interfaces, signal acquisition, power delivery, data communication, and stimulation. In addition, an overview and critical review of the state-of-the-art research is included. These methodologies present a path towards the development of minimally invasive brain-computer interfaces capable of resolving microscale neural activity with wide-ranging coverage across the cortical surface. Written by leading researchers in electrocorticography in brain-computer interfaces Offers a unique focus on neural interface circuit design, from electrode to interface, circuit, powering, communication and encapsulation Covers the newest ECoG interface systems and electrode interfaces for ECoG and biopotential sensing