Tropes Universals And The Philosophy Of Mind PDF Download
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Author | : Simone Gozzano |
Publisher | : Walter de Gruyter |
Total Pages | : 196 |
Release | : 2013-05-02 |
Genre | : Philosophy |
ISBN | : 3110327112 |
Download Tropes, Universals and the Philosophy of Mind Book in PDF, ePub and Kindle
The ontological debate on the nature of properties is alive as ever. Mainly, they are viewed either as universals or tropes (abstract particulars), an alternative with an immediate impact on what events are taken to be. Although much inquiry in philosophy of mind is done without a full awareness of it, some recent works suggest that the choice may have far-reaching consequences on central topics of this discipline, e.g., token physicalism, multiple realizability, mental causation, perception, introspection, self-awareness. This book explores the extent to which this is true with novel contributions by philosophers who have played a major role in bringing to the fore this interplay of foundational metaphysics and philosophical psychology and by other experts in these fields.
Author | : Douglas Ehring |
Publisher | : OUP Oxford |
Total Pages | : 272 |
Release | : 2011-08-25 |
Genre | : Philosophy |
ISBN | : 0191619396 |
Download Tropes Book in PDF, ePub and Kindle
Properties and objects are everywhere. We cannot take a step without walking into them; we cannot construct a theory in science without referring to them. Given their ubiquitous character, one might think that there would be a standard metaphysical account of properties and objects, but they remain a philosophical mystery. Douglas Ehring presents a defense of tropes—properties and relations understood as particulars—and of trope bundle theory as the best accounts of properties and objects, and advocates a specific brand of trope nominalism, Natural Class Trope Nominalism. This position rejects the existence of universals, and holds that the nature of each individual trope is determined by its membership in various natural classes of tropes (in contrast with the view that a trope's nature is logically prior to those class memberships). The first part of the book provides a general introduction and defense of tropes and trope bundle theory. Ehring demonstrates that there are tropes and indicates some of the things that tropes can do for us metaphysically, including helping to solve the problems of mental causation, while remaining neutral between different theories of tropes. In the second part he offers a more specific defense of Natural Class Trope Nominalism, and provides a full analysis of what a trope is.
Author | : A-S. Maurin |
Publisher | : Springer Science & Business Media |
Total Pages | : 212 |
Release | : 2013-04-17 |
Genre | : Philosophy |
ISBN | : 9401700796 |
Download If Tropes Book in PDF, ePub and Kindle
In the book If Tropes, the author attempts to approach and then deal with some of the most basic problems for a theory of tropes. The investigation proceeds from three basic assumptions: (i) tropes (i.e. particular properties) exist, (ii) only tropes exist (that is, tropes are the only basic or fundamental kind of entities), and (iii) the main-function for tropes is to serve as truth-makers for atomic propositions. Provided that one accepts these assumptions the author finds that the trope-theorist will have to deal with two important matters. Some atomic propositions seem to require universal truth-makers and others seem to require concrete truth-makers. This means that universals and concrete particulars will need to be constructed from the material of tropes. Such constructions are attempted and it is argued that it is possible to deal at least with these basic issues while staying squarely within the boundaries of a purely trope-theoretical framework. The book is written in an untechnical language but requires some prior understanding of basic metaphysics.
Author | : Donald C. Williams |
Publisher | : Oxford University Press |
Total Pages | : 254 |
Release | : 2018 |
Genre | : Philosophy |
ISBN | : 0198810385 |
Download The Elements and Patterns of Being Book in PDF, ePub and Kindle
Donald C. Williams (1899-1983) was a key figure in the development of analytic philosophy. This book will be the definitive source for his highly original work, which did much to bring metaphysics back into fashion. It presents six classic papers and six previously unpublished, revealing his full philosophical vision for the first time.
Author | : Michele Paolini Paoletti |
Publisher | : Taylor & Francis |
Total Pages | : 334 |
Release | : 2017-02-17 |
Genre | : Philosophy |
ISBN | : 1317271440 |
Download Philosophical and Scientific Perspectives on Downward Causation Book in PDF, ePub and Kindle
Downward causation plays a fundamental role in many theories of metaphysics and philosophy of mind. It is strictly connected with many topics in philosophy, including but not limited to: emergence, mental causation, the nature of causation, the nature of causal powers and dispositions, laws of nature, and the possibility of ontological and epistemic reductions. Philosophical and Scientific Perspectives on Downward Causation brings together experts from different fields—including William Bechtel, Stewart Clark and Tom Lancaster, Carl Gillett, John Heil, Robin F. Hendry, Max Kistler, Stephen Mumford and Rani Lill Anjum —who delve into classic and unexplored lines of philosophical inquiry related to downward causation. It critically assesses the possibility of downward causation given different ontological assumptions and explores the connection between downward causation and the metaphysics of causation and dispositions. Finally, it presents different cases of downward causation in empirical fields such as physics, chemistry, biology and the neurosciences. This volume is both a useful introduction and a collection of original contributions on this fascinating and hotly debated philosophical topic.
Author | : S. C. Gibb |
Publisher | : Oxford University Press, USA |
Total Pages | : 281 |
Release | : 2013-03-21 |
Genre | : Philosophy |
ISBN | : 0199603774 |
Download Mental Causation and Ontology Book in PDF, ePub and Kindle
This book demonstrates the importance of ontology for a central debate in philosophy of mind. Mental causation seems an obvious aspect of the world. But it is hard to understand how it can happen unless we get clear about what the entities involved in the process are. An international team of contributors presents new work on this problem.
Author | : James Porter Moreland |
Publisher | : Routledge |
Total Pages | : 193 |
Release | : 2014-12-18 |
Genre | : Philosophy |
ISBN | : 1317490010 |
Download Universals Book in PDF, ePub and Kindle
Things are particulars and their qualities are universals, but do universals have an existence distinct from the particular things describable by those terms? And what must be their nature if they do? This book provides a careful and assured survey of the central issues of debate surrounding universals, in particular those issues that have been a crucial part of the emergence of contemporary analytic ontology. The book begins with a taxonomy of extreme nominalist, moderate nominalist, and realist positions on properties, and outlines the way each handles the phenomena of predication, resemblance, and abstract reference. The debate about properties and philosophical naturalism is also examined. Different forms of extreme nominalism, moderate nominalism, and minimalist realism are critiqued. Later chapters defend a traditional realist view of universals and examine the objections to realism from various infinite regresses, the difficulties in stating identity conditions for properties, and problems with realist accounts of knowledge of abstract objects. In addition, the debate between Platonists and Aristotelians is examined alongside a discussion of the relationship between properties and an adequate theory of existence. The book's final chapter explores the problem of individuating particulars. The book makes accessible a difficult topic without blunting the sophistication of argument required by a more advanced readership.
Author | : Gabriele Galluzzo |
Publisher | : Cambridge University Press |
Total Pages | : 243 |
Release | : 2015-07-16 |
Genre | : Philosophy |
ISBN | : 1316381277 |
Download The Problem of Universals in Contemporary Philosophy Book in PDF, ePub and Kindle
Are there any universal entities? Or is the world populated only by particular things? The problem of universals is one of the most fascinating and enduring topics in the history of metaphysics, with roots in ancient and medieval philosophy. This collection of new essays provides an innovative overview of the contemporary debate on universals. Rather than focusing exclusively on the traditional opposition between realism and nominalism, the contributors explore the complexity of the debate and illustrate a broad range of positions within both the realist and the nominalist camps. Realism is viewed through the lens of the distinction between constituent and relational ontologies, while nominalism is reconstructed in light of the controversy over the notion of trope. The result is a fresh picture of contemporary metaphysics, in which traditional strategies of dealing with the problem of universals are both reaffirmed and called into question.
Author | : Graham Macdonald |
Publisher | : Oxford University Press |
Total Pages | : 297 |
Release | : 2010-04-29 |
Genre | : Philosophy |
ISBN | : 0199583625 |
Download Emergence in Mind Book in PDF, ePub and Kindle
There have long been controversies about how minds can fit into a physical universe. In Emergence in Mind a distinguished group of philosophers discuss whether mental properties can be said to 'emerge' from physical processes. The discussion is extended to cover the role emergence may play in free will and agency, and in the special sciences.
Author | : Bence Nanay |
Publisher | : Oxford University Press |
Total Pages | : 227 |
Release | : 2016 |
Genre | : Philosophy |
ISBN | : 0199658447 |
Download Aesthetics as Philosophy of Perception Book in PDF, ePub and Kindle
Bency Nanay brings the discussion of aesthetics and perception together, to explore how many influential debates in aesthetics look very different, and may be easier to tackle, if we clarify the assumptions they make about perception and about experiences in general. He focuses on the concept of attention and the ways in which the distinction between distributed and focused attention can help us re-evaluate various key concepts and debates in aesthetics. Sometimesour attention is distributed in an unusual way: we are attending to one perceptual object but our attention is distributed across its various properties. But in other aesthetic contexts our attentionis not at all distributed but very much focused. The book closes with an analysis of some paradigmatic aesthetic phenomena in which this is the case: identification and engagement with fictional characters. It argues that the conflict and interplay between distributed and focused attention is an important feature of many artworks.