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| Author | : |
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| Total Pages | : 5 |
| Release | : 1991 |
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| Author | : |
| Publisher | : |
| Total Pages | : 5 |
| Release | : 1991 |
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Transverse, single-spin asymmetries offer a chance to test QCD at the level of twist-3'' observables. Early suggestions that such asymmetries necessarily vanish as m{sub q} → 0 or involve an extra power of [alpha]{sub s} can be refuted with a simple example. Recent experimental results support the interpretation of these data in hard-scattering QCD. The asymmetry in the scattering on nuclear targets can provide new, nontrivial information the space-time structure of the interaction. 10 refs., 6 figs.
| Author | : Dr. Vincenzo Barone |
| Publisher | : World Scientific |
| Total Pages | : 308 |
| Release | : 2003 |
| Genre | : Science |
| ISBN | : 9812795510 |
This study deals with the theory and phenomenology of transverse spin effects in high-energy hadronic physics. Contrary to common past belief, it is now rather clear that these effects are far from irrelevant. A decade or so of intense theoretical work has shed much light on the subject and brought to the surface an entire class of new phenomena, which now await thorough experimental investigation. Over the next few years a number of experiments worldwide (at DESY, CERN and Brookhaven) will run with transversely polarised particles, providing data that will enrich our knowledge of the transverse spin structure of hadrons. The principle aim of this work is to assess the state of the art as it stands in 2002. After a few introductory remarks (Chapter 1), in the first part (Chapters 2-4) attention is directed to polarised deep inelastic scattering (DIS), particularly DIS on transversely polarised targets, which probes the transverse spin structure function g2. This structure function is examined within the framework of the quark-parton model and its improvement via perturbative QCD. The existing data are reviewed and commented on (for completeness and comparison, a brief presentation of longitudinally polarised DIS and of the helicity structure of the proton is provided). The second part of the book (Chapters 5-8) focuses on the transverse polarisation of quarks, the so-called "transversity". The partonic content and the QCD evolution of the transversity distributions are presented in detail. The phenomenology of transversity is then studied in the context of Drell-Yan processes and of semi-inclusive lepto- and hadroproduction. The interpretation of data on single-spin asymmetries is discussed and, finally, the prospects for future measurements are reviewed.
| Author | : Daniel Pitonyak |
| Publisher | : |
| Total Pages | : 203 |
| Release | : 2013 |
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Almost all of the visible matter in the universe is built from strongly interacting particles known as hadrons. For example, protons and neutrons, which comprise the nucleus of an atom, fit into this class of particles. However, hadrons are not a fundamental form of matter in that they are composed of other particles collectively called partons. One of the main challenges we face is to understand this internal structure. In the past, focus was placed mainly on reactions that involved so-called collinear twist-2 two-parton correlators. Even though these functions provide valuable access to the interior of hadrons, they present us with only a 1-dimensional and, hence, incomplete view of this complex world. In recent years, two extensions of this formalism have become an active source of research: transverse momentum dependent (TMD) functions and three-parton correlations. The former allow us to obtain a 3-dimensional image of hadrons (in momentum space), while the latter give us insight into the rich interactions that occur inside of them, and the two are closely connected. In this dissertation we analyze spin asymmetries in hard scattering processes, which address both types of functions, in order to understand the parton dynamics that cause these phenomena and to determine what these observables reveal about the inner-workings of hadrons. Namely, we analyze (almost back-to-back) di-hadron production in electron-positron annihilation as well as discuss momentum sum rules for some of the associated TMD functions. We also investigate transverse single-spin asymmetries in lepton-nucleon and proton-proton collisions. The study of the former allows us to comment on the general role of parton re-scattering in such effects, while a discussion of the latter includes a new computation of an important piece to that observable. Furthermore, we present pioneering calculations on longitudinal-transverse double-spin asymmetries in nucleon-nucleon collisions.
| Author | : Alexei Prokudin |
| Publisher | : World Scientific |
| Total Pages | : 344 |
| Release | : 2020-05-29 |
| Genre | : Science |
| ISBN | : 9811214964 |
This book contains proceedings of the 7-week INT program dedicated to the physics of the Electron-Ion Collider (EIC), the world's first polarized electron-nucleon (ep) and electron-nucleus (eA) collider to be constructed in the United States. The 2015 NSAC Long Range Plan recommended EIC as the 'highest priority for new facility construction following the completion of FRIB'. The primary goal of the EIC is to establish precise multi-dimensional imaging of quarks and gluons inside nucleons and nuclei. This includes (i) understanding the spatial and momentum space structure of the nucleon through the studies of TMDs (transverse-momentum-dependent parton distributions), GPD (generalized parton distributions) and the Wigner distribution; (ii) determining the partonic origin of the nucleon spin; (iii) exploring the new quantum chromodynamics (QCD) frontier of ultra-strong gluon fields, with the potential to seal the discovery of a new form of dense gluon matter predicted to exist in all nuclei and nucleons at small Bjorken x — the parton saturation.The program brought together both theorists and experimentalists from Jefferson Lab (JLab), Brookhaven National Laboratory (BNL) along with the national and international nuclear physics communities to assess and advance the EIC physics.
| Author | : Xiaofeng Luo |
| Publisher | : Springer Nature |
| Total Pages | : 294 |
| Release | : 2023-01-01 |
| Genre | : Science |
| ISBN | : 9811944415 |
This book highlights the discussions by renown researchers on questions emerged during transition from the relativistic heavy-ion collider (RHIC) to the future electron ion collider (EIC). Over the past two decades, the RHIC has provided a vast amount of data over a wide range of the center of mass energies. What are the scientific priorities, after RHIC is shut down and turned to the future EIC? What should be the future focuses of the high-energy nuclear collisions? What are thermodynamic properties of quantum chromodynamics (QCD) at large baryon density? Where is the phase boundary between quark-gluon-plasma and hadronic matter at high baryon density? How does one make connections from thermodynamics learned in high-energy nuclear collisions to astrophysical topics, to name few, the inner structure of compact stars, and perhaps more interestingly, the dynamical processes of the merging of neutron stars? While most particle physicists are interested in Dark Matter, we should focus on the issues of Visible Matter! Multiple heavy-ion accelerator complexes are under construction: NICA at JINR (4 ~ 11 GeV), FAIR at GSI (2 ~ 4.9 GeV SIS100), HIAF at IMP (2 ~ 4 GeV). In addition, the heavy-ion collision has been actively discussed at the J-PARC. The book is a collective work of top researchers from the field where some of the above-mentioned basic questions will be addressed. We believe that answering those questions will certainly advance our understanding of the phase transition in early universe as well as its evolution that leads to today's world of nature.
| Author | : Alessandro Pascolini |
| Publisher | : World Scientific |
| Total Pages | : 866 |
| Release | : 1994-05-31 |
| Genre | : |
| ISBN | : 9814550752 |
This international conference was dedicated to the interface between nuclear and elementary particle physics. It was the thirteenth in a series initiated by T.E.O. Ericson, A. de Shalit and V. F. Weisskopf at CERN in 1963. The series provides the principal international forum for the presentation and critical examination of the main results of the experimental and theoretical research in the field of interest common to nuclear and particle physics. The topics cover the energy region where nucleons must be treated as composite particles, but quarks and gluons cannot be considered asymptotically free.PAN XIII reviews the status of the field in a delicate stage of transition: new experiments and instrumental facilities are bringing in more detailed and more accurate data on the various facets of the nuclear and subnuclear universe, but we are still far from a satisfactory and complete description of nucleons and nuclei in terms of underlying quarks and their interactions.
| Author | : John Clements Collins |
| Publisher | : American Institute of Physics |
| Total Pages | : 478 |
| Release | : 1991 |
| Genre | : Science |
| ISBN | : |
| Author | : Giovanni C. Bonsignori |
| Publisher | : World Scientific |
| Total Pages | : 515 |
| Release | : 2001 |
| Genre | : Science |
| ISBN | : 9812810927 |
The Conference OC Bologna 2000: Structure of the Nucleus at the Dawn of the CenturyOCO was devoted to a discipline which has seen a strong revival of research activities in the last decade. New experimental results and theoretical developments in nuclear physics will certainly make important contributions to our knowledge and understanding of Nature's fundamental building blocks. The interest aroused by the Conference among the scientific community was clearly reflected in the large number of participants. These represented the most important nuclear physics laboratories in the world. The Conference covered five major topics of modern nuclear physics: nuclear structure, nucleus-nucleus collisions, hadron dynamics, nuclear astrophysics, and transdisciplinary and peaceful applications of nuclear science. It reviewed recent progress in the field and provided a forum for the discussion of current and future research projects. Contents: Many-Body Methods in Nuclear Structure; Hadron Dynamics: Strange Hadro-Dynamics; Mesons, Baryons, Antibaryons; Hadron Structure and Electromagnetic Probes; Nuclear Astrophysics: Theoretical Aspects of Nuclear Astrophysics; Experimental Aspects of Nuclear Astrophysics; Applications of Nuclear Physics: Fission, Spallation and Transmutation; Other Applications of Nuclear Physics. Readership: Nuclear physicists."
| Author | : Dan Green |
| Publisher | : Cambridge University Press |
| Total Pages | : 280 |
| Release | : 2005 |
| Genre | : Science |
| ISBN | : 9780521835091 |
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