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| Author | : World Bank |
| Publisher | : World Bank Publications |
| Total Pages | : 410 |
| Release | : 2008-11-04 |
| Genre | : Political Science |
| ISBN | : 082137608X |
Download World Development Report 2009 Book in PDF, ePub and Kindle
Rising densities of human settlements, migration and transport to reduce distances to market, and specialization and trade facilitated by fewer international divisions are central to economic development. The transformations along these three dimensions density, distance, and division are most noticeable in North America, Western Europe, and Japan, but countries in Asia and Eastern Europe are changing in ways similar in scope and speed. 'World Development Report 2009: Reshaping Economic Geography' concludes that these spatial transformations are essential, and should be encouraged. The conclusion is not without controversy. Slum-dwellers now number a billion, but the rush to cities continues. Globalization is believed to benefit many, but not the billion people living in lagging areas of developing nations. High poverty and mortality persist among the world's 'bottom billion', while others grow wealthier and live longer lives. Concern for these three billion often comes with the prescription that growth must be made spatially balanced. The WDR has a different message: economic growth is seldom balanced, and efforts to spread it out prematurely will jeopardize progress. The Report: documents how production becomes more concentrated spatially as economies grow. proposes economic integration as the principle for promoting successful spatial transformations. revisits the debates on urbanization, territorial development, and regional integration and shows how today's developers can reshape economic geography.
| Author | : |
| Publisher | : |
| Total Pages | : 181 |
| Release | : 2009 |
| Genre | : |
| ISBN | : |
Download Trade and Development Report, 2009 Book in PDF, ePub and Kindle
| Author | : United Nations |
| Publisher | : UN |
| Total Pages | : 0 |
| Release | : 2010-05-11 |
| Genre | : Political Science |
| ISBN | : 9789217301940 |
Download Trade and Development Report 2009 Book in PDF, ePub and Kindle
The Trade and Development Report 2009, subtitled "Responding to the Global Crisis - Climate Change Mitigation and Development - addresses the main issues of global economic outlook and short-term policy response to the financial and economic crisis, international monetary reform to complement stricter financial regulation and climate change mitigation as a process of structural change. The report analyzes global economic prospects within the framework of the current economic and financial crisis. It also heeds the short-term fiscal, financial and monetary policies that were adopted in response to the impacts of the 2008-2009 crisis. It also looks at the question of how increased efforts aimed at climate change mitigation can be combined with forward-looking development strategies and rapid growth in developing countries
| Author | : |
| Publisher | : United Nations Publications |
| Total Pages | : 0 |
| Release | : 2009 |
| Genre | : Business & Economics |
| ISBN | : 9789211127768 |
Download Trade and Development Report 2009 Book in PDF, ePub and Kindle
The Trade and Development Report 2009, subtitled "Responding to the Global Crisis - Climate Change Mitigation and Development - addresses the main issues of global economic outlook and short-term policy response to the financial and economic crisis, international monetary reform to complement stricter financial regulation and climate change mitigation as a process of structural change. The report analyzes global economic prospects within the framework of the current economic and financial crisis. It also heeds the short-term fiscal, financial and monetary policies that were adopted in response to the impacts of the 2008-2009 crisis. It also looks at the question of how increased efforts aimed at climate change mitigation can be combined with forward-looking development strategies and rapid growth in developing countries
| Author | : World Bank |
| Publisher | : World Bank Publications |
| Total Pages | : 444 |
| Release | : 2009-11-06 |
| Genre | : Political Science |
| ISBN | : 0821379887 |
Download World Development Report 2010 Book in PDF, ePub and Kindle
In the crowded field of climate change reports, 'WDR 2010' uniquely: emphasizes development; takes an integrated look at adaptation and mitigation; highlights opportunities in the changing competitive landscape; and proposes policy solutions grounded in analytic work and in the context of the political economy of reform.
| Author | : United Nations Conference on Trade and Development |
| Publisher | : UN |
| Total Pages | : 140 |
| Release | : 2012 |
| Genre | : Business & Economics |
| ISBN | : |
Download Trade and Development Report, 1981-2011 Book in PDF, ePub and Kindle
This publication was prepared by the UNCTAD secretariat to commemorate the first three decades of the Trade and Development Report (TDR) - UNCTAD's main flagship publication - whose first edition was published in 1981.Part one of this publication traces the key issues relating to the global economy and development strategies discussed in various TDRs over the past three decades. It also shows how the ideas, analytical perspectives and policy proposals expressed in the TDR have differed from "mainstream" thinking, and how they have evolved in response to new challenges arising from global economic developments.The salient features reviewed in this publication are: the concept of interdependence, which has shaped the TDRs' policy analyses and recommendations over three decades; the approach of the TDR to macroeconomic and financial policies in both developed and developing countries; the TDRs' contribution to the debate about the shortcomings and the need for reform of global governance in trade, finance and macroeconomics; the TDRs' assessments of the failures and successes of development policy, as well as their recommendations for development strategies, taking into account lessons from past experiences; and Issues that remain topical and others that may become relevant for analysis in future TDRs.Part two of the publication comprises the contributions of the experts who participated in a panel discussion on "Thinking Development: Three Decades of the Trade and Development Report", a pre-Conference event for UNCTAD XIII, which took place in Geneva on 20 February 2012.
| Author | : World Bank |
| Publisher | : World Bank Publications |
| Total Pages | : 390 |
| Release | : 2007-10-15 |
| Genre | : Business & Economics |
| ISBN | : 0821368095 |
Download World Development Report 2008 Book in PDF, ePub and Kindle
The world's demand for food is expected to double within the next 50 years, while the natural resources that sustain agriculture will become increasingly scarce, degraded, and vulnerable to the effects of climate change. In many poor countries, agriculture accounts for at least 40 percent of GDP and 80 percent of employment. At the same time, about 70 percent of the world's poor live in rural areas and most depend on agriculture for their livelihoods. 'World Development Report 2008' seeks to assess where, when, and how agriculture can be an effective instrument for economic development, especially development that favors the poor. It examines several broad questions: How has agriculture changed in developing countries in the past 20 years? What are the important new challenges and opportunities for agriculture? Which new sources of agricultural growth can be captured cost effectively in particular in poor countries with large agricultural sectors as in Africa? How can agricultural growth be made more effective for poverty reduction? How can governments facilitate the transition of large populations out of agriculture, without simply transferring the burden of rural poverty to urban areas? How can the natural resource endowment for agriculture be protected? How can agriculture's negative environmental effects be contained? This year's report marks the 30th year the World Bank has been publishing the 'World Development Report'.
| Author | : United Nations Conference on Trade and Development. Secretariat |
| Publisher | : |
| Total Pages | : 33 |
| Release | : 2009 |
| Genre | : Climatic changes |
| ISBN | : |
Download Trade and Development Report, 2009 Book in PDF, ePub and Kindle
| Author | : World Bank |
| Publisher | : World Bank Publications |
| Total Pages | : 511 |
| Release | : 2019-11-19 |
| Genre | : Business & Economics |
| ISBN | : 1464814953 |
Download World Development Report 2020 Book in PDF, ePub and Kindle
Global value chains (GVCs) powered the surge of international trade after 1990 and now account for almost half of all trade. This shift enabled an unprecedented economic convergence: poor countries grew rapidly and began to catch up with richer countries. Since the 2008 global financial crisis, however, the growth of trade has been sluggish and the expansion of GVCs has stalled. Meanwhile, serious threats have emerged to the model of trade-led growth. New technologies could draw production closer to the consumer and reduce the demand for labor. And trade conflicts among large countries could lead to a retrenchment or a segmentation of GVCs. World Development Report 2020: Trading for Development in the Age of Global Value Chains examines whether there is still a path to development through GVCs and trade. It concludes that technological change is, at this stage, more a boon than a curse. GVCs can continue to boost growth, create better jobs, and reduce poverty provided that developing countries implement deeper reforms to promote GVC participation; industrial countries pursue open, predictable policies; and all countries revive multilateral cooperation.
| Author | : World Bank |
| Publisher | : World Bank Publications |
| Total Pages | : 196 |
| Release | : 2002 |
| Genre | : Developing countries |
| ISBN | : 9780195216073 |
Download Building Institutions for Markets Book in PDF, ePub and Kindle
'Institutions fix the confines of and impose form upon the activities of human beings.' --Walton Hamilton, 'Institutions', 1932. The 'World Development Report 2002: Building Institutions for Markets' undertakes the complex issue of the basic institutions needed for markets to function properly. This year's 'World Development Report' goes beyond a simple examination of institutional structure and explores the functions of institutions. Recognizing that one size does not fit all, the report asks what do all institutions which support markets do? The answer is simple: Institutions channel information, define and enforce property rights, and increase or prevent competition. Understanding the functions that current institutions and their proposed replacements would provide is the first step. The report contends that once you have identified the institutional functions that are missing, you can then build effective institutions by following some basic principles: - Complement what exists already - in terms of other supporting institutions, human capacities, and technology. - Innovate to suit local norms and conditions. Experimenting with new structures can provide a country with creative solutions that work. - Connect communities of market players through open information flows and open trade. Open trade and information flows create demand for new institutions and improve the functioning of existing structures. - Compete among jurisdictions, firms, and individuals. Increased competition creates demand for new institutions as old ones lose their effectiveness. It also affects how people behave - improving institutional quality. These broad lessons and careful analyses, which links theory with pertinent evidence, are provided in the report. 'World Development Report 2002: Building Institutions for Markets' contains selected 'World Development Indicators'.
