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Torques and Attitude Sensing in Earth Satellites

Torques and Attitude Sensing in Earth Satellites
Author: S. Fred Singer
Publisher: Elsevier
Total Pages: 277
Release: 2012-12-02
Genre: Technology & Engineering
ISBN: 032316238X

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Applied Mathematics and Mechanics, Volume 7: Torques and Attitude Sensing in Earth Satellites focuses on the possible torques that can affect the angular momentum of an Earth satellite. This book provides an understanding of the environment in which a satellite operates. Organized into 16 chapters, this volume starts with an overview of the application of force-free motion to space programs. This text then discusses the torque effects of a gravitational field, particularly with its gradient. Other chapters consider a particular method of gravity-gradient stabilization that utilizes a passive device to damp librations and thereby attain a vertical orientation. This book discusses as well the effects of the geomagnetic field on the angular motion of a satellite. The reader is also introduced to the method of magnetic attitude control employed in the Tiros satellite. The final chapter deals with the problem of horizon sensing, which is important for satellites requiring Earth stabilization. Astrophysicists will find this book useful.


Spacecraft Attitude Determination and Control

Spacecraft Attitude Determination and Control
Author: J.R. Wertz
Publisher: Springer Science & Business Media
Total Pages: 877
Release: 2012-12-06
Genre: Technology & Engineering
ISBN: 9400999070

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Roger D. Werking Head, Attitude Determination and Control Section National Aeronautics and Space Administration/ Goddard Space Flight Center Extensiye work has been done for many years in the areas of attitude determination, attitude prediction, and attitude control. During this time, it has been difficult to obtain reference material that provided a comprehensive overview of attitude support activities. This lack of reference material has made it difficult for those not intimately involved in attitude functions to become acquainted with the ideas and activities which are essential to understanding the various aspects of spacecraft attitude support. As a result, I felt the need for a document which could be used by a variety of persons to obtain an understanding of the work which has been done in support of spacecraft attitude objectives. It is believed that this book, prepared by the Computer Sciences Corporation under the able direction of Dr. James Wertz, provides this type of reference. This book can serve as a reference for individuals involved in mission planning, attitude determination, and attitude dynamics; an introductory textbook for stu dents and professionals starting in this field; an information source for experimen ters or others involved in spacecraft-related work who need information on spacecraft orientation and how it is determined, but who have neither the time nor the resources to pursue the varied literature on this subject; and a tool for encouraging those who could expand this discipline to do so, because much remains to be done to satisfy future needs.


Satellite Attitude Control Utilizing the Earth's Magnetic Field

Satellite Attitude Control Utilizing the Earth's Magnetic Field
Author: John S. White (writer on artificial satellites.)
Publisher:
Total Pages: 42
Release: 1961
Genre: Artificial satellites
ISBN:

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The torque developed by the interaction of current-carrying coils with the earth's magnetic field can be used as a means of attitude control. The degree to which the attitude of a vehicle can be maintained utilizing this torque depends on the fluctuations of the magnetic field at the satellite as the satellite orbits about the earth. Due to the nature of the torque developed only two vehicle axes can be c ntinuously controlled simultaneously. With the principle described, either a two- or three-coil system can be used to control vehicle attitude about two axes. Intermittent control about three axes can be obtained. (Author).


A Method for Controlling the Attitude of a Satellite Using the Earth's Magnetic Field

A Method for Controlling the Attitude of a Satellite Using the Earth's Magnetic Field
Author: Wilfred Joseph Minkus
Publisher:
Total Pages: 36
Release: 1964
Genre:
ISBN:

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The report investigates a means of controlling the attitude of a satellite in a circular orbit about the earth by the torque due to the interaction between the earth's magnetic field and the magnetic moments produced by currents in three orthogonal coils aboard the satellite. This system has the advantage over more conventional ones in that no mass is expended in the control process. It is designed to rotate the satellite about its longitudinal axis in a minimum amount of time while limiting the deviation of this axis from the local normal to the earth. The analysis is limited to the period during which the satellite's attitude is being changed by magnetically produced torques. When these torques are not applied, gravity gradient effects act as a restoring force to align the longitudinal axis with the local normal to the earth. The method is applicable to a satellite with symmetry such that the moment of inertia about its longitudinal axis is much smaller than those about body-fixed axes lying in a plane perpendicular to it and whose moments of inertia about axes in this plane are approximately equal. The model of the earth's magnetic field that is used is a dipole with its poles located at the observed geographical positions. The control system is developed to be applicable to the general type of satellite indicated above and to all orbits except those passing close to the magnetic poles. It is then applied to a particular satellite and type of orbit of interest to RADC. (Author).


The Electromagnetic Torques on Spherical Earth Satellites in a Rarefied Partially Ionized Atmosphere

The Electromagnetic Torques on Spherical Earth Satellites in a Rarefied Partially Ionized Atmosphere
Author: Frank Hohl
Publisher:
Total Pages: 76
Release: 1966
Genre: Earth stations (Satellite telecommunication)
ISBN:

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A theoretical investigation has been made of the torques acting, as a result of electromagnetic interaction, on spherical conducting earth satellites. The analysis has been applied to the 41-meter-diameter satellite Echo II (1964 4A), which is in a near polar circular orbit. The calculations have yielded quantitative values for the accelerating and the decelerating torques. A probable explanation of the nearly constant spin rate of Echo II for a long period of time is that the eddy-current torque and the induction torque were in balance. Other torques are shown to be negligible in comparison with these two.