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Top-Down and Bottom-up Approaches to Greenhouse Gas Inventory Methods

Top-Down and Bottom-up Approaches to Greenhouse Gas Inventory Methods
Author: David Nicholls
Publisher:
Total Pages: 36
Release: 2016-02-20
Genre:
ISBN: 9781457869525

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The Gen. Services Admin. (GSA) Carbon Footprint Tool (CFT) is an online tool built to utilize measured greenhouse gas (GHG) emissions inventories to help Forest Service units streamline reporting and make informed decisions about operational efficiency. In FY 2013, the Forest Service Sustainable Operations GHG Tracking Team completed GHG inventories of 3 Forest Service units to compare top-down (national) and bottom-up (local) inventory reporting approaches. This report summarizes the top-down and bottom-up approaches to GHG inventories collected and data input into the GSA CFT for 3 pilot units: the Northern Research Station Institute for Applied Ecosystem Studies (Rhinelander, WI); the Stevensville Ranger District (Bitterroot National Forest, MN); and the Tongass National Forest (AK). Figures. This is a print on demand report.


Top-down and Bottom-up Approaches to Greenhouse Gas Inventory Methods

Top-down and Bottom-up Approaches to Greenhouse Gas Inventory Methods
Author: David L. Nicholls
Publisher:
Total Pages: 30
Release: 2015
Genre: Greenhouse gas mitigation
ISBN:

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Federal agencies are mandated to measure, manage, and reduce greenhouse gas (GHG) emissions. The General Services Administration (GSA) Carbon Footprint Tool (CFT) is an online tool built to utilize measured GHG inventories to help Forest Service units streamline reporting and make informed decisions about operational efficiency. In fiscal year 2013, the Forest Service Sustainable Operations GHG Tracking Team completed GHG inventories of three Forest Service units to compare top-down (national) and bottom-up (local) inventory reporting approaches. In this report, the Track to Zero Team (formerly the GHG Tracking Team) and Sustainability Science Team summarize the top-down and bottom-up approaches to GHG inventories collected and data input into the GSA CFT for the three pilot units: the Northern Research Station Institute for Applied Ecosystem Studies, (Rhinelander, Wisconsin, location), the Stevensville Ranger District (Bitterroot National Forest, Stevensville, Montana), and the Tongass National Forest (Alaska). Because both top-down and bottom-up reporting methods and the scale of the three pilot units differ significantly enough to preclude quantitative analysis, this report will use qualitative analysis to compare (1) sources and methods of obtaining information, (2) ease of data access to GHG inventories, (3) level of accuracy of data within the inventories, (4) confidence in data accuracy, and (5) level of data aggregation. By conducting these pilots and comparing the top-down results from the national GHG inventory with the bottom-up or local results, we will identify methods to improve the accuracy of local GHG inventorying and tracking, strengthen the connection between local and national GHG inventories, and promote information sharing.


Accounting for Climate Change

Accounting for Climate Change
Author: Daniel Lieberman
Publisher: Springer Science & Business Media
Total Pages: 160
Release: 2010-05-27
Genre: Science
ISBN: 1402059302

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Uncertainty analysis is a key component of national greenhouse gases inventory analyses. The issues that are raised by the authors in this volume, and the role that uncertainty analysis plays in many of their arguments and/or proposals, highlight the importance of such efforts. Coverage includes: bottom-up versus top-down emission inventory approaches, compliance and verification issues, and the role of uncertainty in emissions trading schemes.


Improving Characterization of Anthropogenic Methane Emissions in the United States

Improving Characterization of Anthropogenic Methane Emissions in the United States
Author: National Academies of Sciences, Engineering, and Medicine
Publisher: National Academies Press
Total Pages: 251
Release: 2018-08-25
Genre: Science
ISBN: 0309470501

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Understanding, quantifying, and tracking atmospheric methane and emissions is essential for addressing concerns and informing decisions that affect the climate, economy, and human health and safety. Atmospheric methane is a potent greenhouse gas (GHG) that contributes to global warming. While carbon dioxide is by far the dominant cause of the rise in global average temperatures, methane also plays a significant role because it absorbs more energy per unit mass than carbon dioxide does, giving it a disproportionately large effect on global radiative forcing. In addition to contributing to climate change, methane also affects human health as a precursor to ozone pollution in the lower atmosphere. Improving Characterization of Anthropogenic Methane Emissions in the United States summarizes the current state of understanding of methane emissions sources and the measurement approaches and evaluates opportunities for methodological and inventory development improvements. This report will inform future research agendas of various U.S. agencies, including NOAA, the EPA, the DOE, NASA, the U.S. Department of Agriculture (USDA), and the National Science Foundation (NSF).


The Greenhouse Gas Protocol

The Greenhouse Gas Protocol
Author:
Publisher: World Business Pub.
Total Pages: 0
Release: 2004
Genre: Business enterprises
ISBN: 9781569735688

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The GHG Protocol Corporate Accounting and Reporting Standard helps companies and other organizations to identify, calculate, and report GHG emissions. It is designed to set the standard for accurate, complete, consistent, relevant and transparent accounting and reporting of GHG emissions.


Informing an Effective Response to Climate Change

Informing an Effective Response to Climate Change
Author: National Research Council
Publisher: National Academies Press
Total Pages: 346
Release: 2011-01-07
Genre: Science
ISBN: 0309145945

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Global climate change is one of America's most significant long-term policy challenges. Human activity-especially the use of fossil fuels, industrial processes, livestock production, waste disposal, and land use change-is affecting global average temperatures, snow and ice cover, sea-level, ocean acidity, growing seasons and precipitation patterns, ecosystems, and human health. Climate-related decisions are being carried out by almost every agency of the federal government, as well as many state and local government leaders and agencies, businesses and individual citizens. Decision makers must contend with the availability and quality of information, the efficacy of proposed solutions, the unanticipated consequences resulting from decisions, the challenge of implementing chosen actions, and must consider how to sustain the action over time and respond to new information. Informing an Effective Response to Climate Change, a volume in the America's Climate Choices series, describes and assesses different activities, products, strategies, and tools for informing decision makers about climate change and helping them plan and execute effective, integrated responses. It discusses who is making decisions (on the local, state, and national levels), who should be providing information to make decisions, and how that information should be provided. It covers all levels of decision making, including international, state, and individual decision making. While most existing research has focused on the physical aspect of climate change, Informing an Effective Response to Climate Change employs theory and case study to describe the efforts undertaken so far, and to guide the development of future decision-making resources. Informing an Effective Response to Climate Change offers much-needed guidance to those creating public policy and assists in implementing that policy. The information presented in this book will be invaluable to the research community, especially social scientists studying climate change; practitioners of decision-making assistance, including advocacy organizations, non-profits, and government agencies; and college-level teachers and students.


Emissions Inventory of India

Emissions Inventory of India
Author: Amit Garg
Publisher: TATA McGraw-Hill Publishing Company
Total Pages: 326
Release: 2002
Genre: Air
ISBN:

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Greenhouse Gas Inventories

Greenhouse Gas Inventories
Author: Thomas White
Publisher: Springer Science & Business Media
Total Pages: 334
Release: 2011-06-01
Genre: Science
ISBN: 9400716702

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The assessment of greenhouse gases emitted to and removed from the atmosphere is high on the international political and scientific agendas. Growing international concern and cooperation regarding the climate change problem have increased the need for policy-oriented solutions to the issue of uncertainty in, and related to, inventories of greenhouse gas (GHG) emissions. The approaches to addressing uncertainty discussed here reflect attempts to improve national inventories, not only for their own sake but also from a wider, systems analytical perspective — a perspective that seeks to strengthen the usefulness of national inventories under a compliance and/or global monitoring and reporting framework. These approaches demonstrate the benefits of including inventory uncertainty in policy analyses. The authors of the contributed papers show that considering uncertainty helps avoid situations that can, for example, create a false sense of certainty or lead to invalid views of subsystems. This may eventually prevent related errors from showing up in analyses. However, considering uncertainty does not come for free. Proper treatment of uncertainty is costly and demanding because it forces us to make the step from “simple to complex” and only then to discuss potential simplifications. Finally, comprehensive treatment of uncertainty does not offer policymakers quick and easy solutions.


Greenhouse Gas Mitigation Assessment: A Guidebook

Greenhouse Gas Mitigation Assessment: A Guidebook
Author: Jayant A. Sathaye
Publisher: Springer Science & Business Media
Total Pages: 257
Release: 2013-11-21
Genre: Technology & Engineering
ISBN: 9401584664

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This book describes guidelines prepared by the U.S. Country Studies Program for the evaluation of options to mitigate greenhouse gas emissions. The U.S. Country Studies Program developed these guidelines in collaboration with Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory to provide developing countries and countries with economies in transition with reference materials for national mitigation assessments. Over 50 countries participating in the program have used the guidelines, which have been refined to reflect their comments. The guidelines delineate a step-wise methodology for evaluating greenhouse gas mitigation options for the energy and non-energy sectors and describe the applications of common analytical tools. The U.S. Country Studies Program uses these guidelines in conjunction with intensive training workshops and follow up technical assistance during the lifetime of each country's study. The program uses similar reference materials to assist counties with their greenhouse gas emission inventories and evaluations of climate change vulnerability and adaptive responses. These guidelines serve three purposes: to assist countries in making decisions about the scope and methodology for mitigation assessments; to provide countries with guidance and step-by-step instructions on each element of a mitigation assessment; and to help countries determine which analytical tools are best suited to their needs and describe procedures for applying these tools. This book describes the application of the most common and readily available methods and analytical tools. Countries are encouraged, where appropriate, to use their own methods.