The Use Of Alternatives To Patents And Limits To Incentives PDF Download
Are you looking for read ebook online? Search for your book and save it on your Kindle device, PC, phones or tablets. Download The Use Of Alternatives To Patents And Limits To Incentives PDF full book. Access full book title The Use Of Alternatives To Patents And Limits To Incentives.
Author | : Mark Rogers |
Publisher | : |
Total Pages | : 0 |
Release | : 2016 |
Genre | : |
ISBN | : |
Download The Use of Alternatives to Patents and Limits to Incentives Book in PDF, ePub and Kindle
One of the most puzzling findings in the empirical analysis of firms' patenting behaviour is the low proportion of patenting firms in the population of registered companies. Also, there is evidence suggesting that firms may not patent all patentable inventions and that this behaviour differs across firms within industries and across industries as well. Our study takes a closer look at the use of patents and alternative Intellectual Property (IP) mechanisms by UK firms, and the impact of such use on firm performance. We review the economic literature on the choice of IP protection, and then use a new and comprehensive dataset consisting of UK firms during the 1997-2006 period to examine the determinants and outcomes of the use of various IP protection mechanisms. The study is divided into four parts: a literature review, a descriptive analysis, a study of the strategic use of patents, and a multi-equation study of the relationship between IP choice, innovation and total factor productivity.
Author | : World Intellectual Property Organization |
Publisher | : WIPO |
Total Pages | : 44 |
Release | : 2018-04-30 |
Genre | : Law |
ISBN | : 9280526510 |
Download WIPO Guide to Using Patent Information Book in PDF, ePub and Kindle
This Guide aims to assist users in searching for technology information using patent documents, a rich source of technical, legal and business information presented in a generally standardized format and often not reproduced anywhere else. Though the Guide focuses on patent information, many of the search techniques described here can also be applied in searching other non-patent sources of technology information.
Author | : National Research Council |
Publisher | : National Academies Press |
Total Pages | : 186 |
Release | : 2004-10-01 |
Genre | : Science |
ISBN | : 0309089107 |
Download A Patent System for the 21st Century Book in PDF, ePub and Kindle
The U.S. patent system is in an accelerating race with human ingenuity and investments in innovation. In many respects the system has responded with admirable flexibility, but the strain of continual technological change and the greater importance ascribed to patents in a knowledge economy are exposing weaknesses including questionable patent quality, rising transaction costs, impediments to the dissemination of information through patents, and international inconsistencies. A panel including a mix of legal expertise, economists, technologists, and university and corporate officials recommends significant changes in the way the patent system operates. A Patent System for the 21st Century urges creation of a mechanism for post-grant challenges to newly issued patents, reinvigoration of the non-obviousness standard to quality for a patent, strengthening of the U.S. Patent and Trademark Office, simplified and less costly litigation, harmonization of the U.S., European, and Japanese examination process, and protection of some research from patent infringement liability.
Author | : Fritz Machlup |
Publisher | : |
Total Pages | : 100 |
Release | : 1958 |
Genre | : Patents |
ISBN | : |
Download An Economic Review of the Patent System Book in PDF, ePub and Kindle
At head of title: 85th Cong., 2d sess. Committee print. Bibliography: p. 81-86.
Author | : National Research Council |
Publisher | : National Academies Press |
Total Pages | : 352 |
Release | : 2003-08-11 |
Genre | : Political Science |
ISBN | : 0309167183 |
Download Patents in the Knowledge-Based Economy Book in PDF, ePub and Kindle
This volume assembles papers commissioned by the National Research Council's Board on Science, Technology, and Economic Policy (STEP) to inform judgments about the significant institutional and policy changes in the patent system made over the past two decades. The chapters fall into three areas. The first four chapters consider the determinants and effects of changes in patent "quality." Quality refers to whether patents issued by the U.S. Patent and Trademark Office (USPTO) meet the statutory standards of patentability, including novelty, nonobviousness, and utility. The fifth and sixth chapters consider the growth in patent litigation, which may itself be a function of changes in the quality of contested patents. The final three chapters explore controversies associated with the extension of patents into new domains of technology, including biomedicine, software, and business methods.
Author | : National Research Council |
Publisher | : National Academies Press |
Total Pages | : 457 |
Release | : 1993-02-01 |
Genre | : Political Science |
ISBN | : 0309048338 |
Download Global Dimensions of Intellectual Property Rights in Science and Technology Book in PDF, ePub and Kindle
As technological developments multiply around the globeâ€"even as the patenting of human genes comes under serious discussionâ€"nations, companies, and researchers find themselves in conflict over intellectual property rights (IPRs). Now, an international group of experts presents the first multidisciplinary look at IPRs in an age of explosive growth in science and technology. This thought-provoking volume offers an update on current international IPR negotiations and includes case studies on software, computer chips, optoelectronics, and biotechnologyâ€"areas characterized by high development cost and easy reproducibility. The volume covers these and other issues: Modern economic theory as a basis for approaching international IPRs. U.S. intellectual property practices versus those in Japan, India, the European Community, and the developing and newly industrializing countries. Trends in science and technology and how they affect IPRs. Pros and cons of a uniform international IPRs regime versus a system reflecting national differences.
Author | : James Bessen |
Publisher | : Princeton University Press |
Total Pages | : 346 |
Release | : 2009-08-03 |
Genre | : Law |
ISBN | : 1400828694 |
Download Patent Failure Book in PDF, ePub and Kindle
In recent years, business leaders, policymakers, and inventors have complained to the media and to Congress that today's patent system stifles innovation instead of fostering it. But like the infamous patent on the peanut butter and jelly sandwich, much of the cited evidence about the patent system is pure anecdote--making realistic policy formation difficult. Is the patent system fundamentally broken, or can it be fixed with a few modest reforms? Moving beyond rhetoric, Patent Failure provides the first authoritative and comprehensive look at the economic performance of patents in forty years. James Bessen and Michael Meurer ask whether patents work well as property rights, and, if not, what institutional and legal reforms are necessary to make the patent system more effective. Patent Failure presents a wide range of empirical evidence from history, law, and economics. The book's findings are stark and conclusive. While patents do provide incentives to invest in research, development, and commercialization, for most businesses today, patents fail to provide predictable property rights. Instead, they produce costly disputes and excessive litigation that outweigh positive incentives. Only in some sectors, such as the pharmaceutical industry, do patents act as advertised, with their benefits outweighing the related costs. By showing how the patent system has fallen short in providing predictable legal boundaries, Patent Failure serves as a call for change in institutions and laws. There are no simple solutions, but Bessen and Meurer's reform proposals need to be heard. The health and competitiveness of the nation's economy depend on it.
Author | : World Intellectual Property Organization |
Publisher | : WIPO |
Total Pages | : 230 |
Release | : 2009-01-01 |
Genre | : Law |
ISBN | : 9280517910 |
Download The Economics of Intellectual Property. Suggestions for Further Research in Developing Countries and Countries with Economies in Transition Book in PDF, ePub and Kindle
The series of papers in this publication were commissioned from renowned international economists from all regions. They review the existing empirical literature on six selected themes relating to the economics of intellectual property, identify the key research questions, point out research gaps and explore possible avenues for future research.
Author | : Adam B. Jaffe |
Publisher | : Princeton University Press |
Total Pages | : 253 |
Release | : 2011-05-27 |
Genre | : Business & Economics |
ISBN | : 1400837340 |
Download Innovation and Its Discontents Book in PDF, ePub and Kindle
The United States patent system has become sand rather than lubricant in the wheels of American progress. Such is the premise behind this provocative and timely book by two of the nation's leading experts on patents and economic innovation. Innovation and Its Discontents tells the story of how recent changes in patenting--an institutional process that was created to nurture innovation--have wreaked havoc on innovators, businesses, and economic productivity. Jaffe and Lerner, who have spent the past two decades studying the patent system, show how legal changes initiated in the 1980s converted the system from a stimulator of innovation to a creator of litigation and uncertainty that threatens the innovation process itself. In one telling vignette, Jaffe and Lerner cite a patent litigation campaign brought by a a semi-conductor chip designer that claims control of an entire category of computer memory chips. The firm's claims are based on a modest 15-year old invention, whose scope and influenced were broadened by secretly manipulating an industry-wide cooperative standard-setting body. Such cases are largely the result of two changes in the patent climate, Jaffe and Lerner contend. First, new laws have made it easier for businesses and inventors to secure patents on products of all kinds, and second, the laws have tilted the table to favor patent holders, no matter how tenuous their claims. After analyzing the economic incentives created by the current policies, Jaffe and Lerner suggest a three-pronged solution for restoring the patent system: create incentives to motivate parties who have information about the novelty of a patent; provide multiple levels of patent review; and replace juries with judges and special masters to preside over certain aspects of infringement cases. Well-argued and engagingly written, Innovation and Its Discontents offers a fresh approach for enhancing both the nation's creativity and its economic growth.
Author | : Canada. Competition Bureau |
Publisher | : Canadian Government Publishing |
Total Pages | : 58 |
Release | : 2000 |
Genre | : Intellectual property |
ISBN | : 9780662652243 |
Download Intellectual Property Enforcement Guidelines Book in PDF, ePub and Kindle