The Thermal Structure of the Indian Ocean
| Author | : Joseph Grinnell Colborn |
| Publisher | : |
| Total Pages | : 181 |
| Release | : 1970 |
| Genre | : Ocean temperature |
| ISBN | : 9780783739861 |
Download The Thermal Structure of the Indian Ocean Book in PDF, ePub and Kindle
The Thermal Structure Of The Indian Ocean PDF Download
Are you looking for read ebook online? Search for your book and save it on your Kindle device, PC, phones or tablets. Download The Thermal Structure Of The Indian Ocean PDF full book. Access full book title The Thermal Structure Of The Indian Ocean.
The Thermal Structure of the Indian Ocean
| Author | : Joseph Grinnell Colborn |
| Publisher | : |
| Total Pages | : 364 |
| Release | : 1970 |
| Genre | : Ocean temperature |
| ISBN | : |
Download The Thermal Structure of the Indian Ocean Book in PDF, ePub and Kindle
Thermal Structure Dynamics in the Upper 500 Meters of the Indian Ocean
| Author | : J. G. Colborn |
| Publisher | : |
| Total Pages | : 128 |
| Release | : 1971 |
| Genre | : Ocean temperature |
| ISBN | : |
Download Thermal Structure Dynamics in the Upper 500 Meters of the Indian Ocean Book in PDF, ePub and Kindle
The International Indian Ocean Expedition (1960-65) has for the first time provided a sufficiently complete data set to support an investigation of the oceanographic and climatic seasonal influence on Indian Ocean thermal structure in the upper 500 m and north of 40 degrees S lat. Analysis of 23,847 bathythermograph and Nansen Cast measurements form the basis for a division of the Indian Ocean into 32 separate Primary Areas with distinct thermal features. The basic thermal parameters considered in the analysis and depicted graphically in this report include mixed-layer depth, maximum thermal gradient, five parameters of the permanent thermocline, and 2C-interval isotherm depths to 500 m. The thermal structure within each oceanographic region is qualitatively evaluated in terms of the relative effects of net surface heat exchange, heat advection, and circulation dynamics. (Author).
Assessment of Climate Change over the Indian Region
| Author | : R. Krishnan |
| Publisher | : Springer |
| Total Pages | : 0 |
| Release | : 2020-06-13 |
| Genre | : Science |
| ISBN | : 9789811543265 |
Download Assessment of Climate Change over the Indian Region Book in PDF, ePub and Kindle
This open access book discusses the impact of human-induced global climate change on the regional climate and monsoons of the Indian subcontinent, adjoining Indian Ocean and the Himalayas. It documents the regional climate change projections based on the climate models used in the IPCC Fifth Assessment Report (AR5) and climate change modeling studies using the IITM Earth System Model (ESM) and CORDEX South Asia datasets. The IPCC assessment reports, published every 6–7 years, constitute important reference materials for major policy decisions on climate change, adaptation, and mitigation. While the IPCC assessment reports largely provide a global perspective on climate change, the focus on regional climate change aspects is considerably limited. The effects of climate change over the Indian subcontinent involve complex physical processes on different space and time scales, especially given that the mean climate of this region is generally shaped by the Indian monsoon and the unique high-elevation geographical features such as the Himalayas, the Western Ghats, the Tibetan Plateau and the adjoining Indian Ocean, Arabian Sea, and Bay of Bengal. This book also presents policy relevant information based on robust scientific analysis and assessments of the observed and projected future climate change over the Indian region.
Variations in the Thermal Structure and Wind Field Occurring in the Western Indian Ocean During the Monsoons
| Author | : John G. Bruce |
| Publisher | : |
| Total Pages | : 188 |
| Release | : 1981 |
| Genre | : Indian Ocean |
| ISBN | : |
Download Variations in the Thermal Structure and Wind Field Occurring in the Western Indian Ocean During the Monsoons Book in PDF, ePub and Kindle
The changes occurring in the temperature field in the Somali Basin and off the Arabian coast have been monitored from October 1975 through December 1979 by a time series of temperature sections obtained along the tanker sea lane offshore between 2 S and 22 N. The development and decay of the large eddy (up to roughly 600 km in diameter) in the northern Somali Basin and its smaller associated eddies were observed each southwest monsoon. Strong horizontal thermal gradients particularly in the upper 200 m occur at the eddy boundaries, and currents in this region can attain velocities of up to 7 knots. Monthly wind stress contoured for the western Indian Ocean clearly shows the southwest monsoon from May through September (with values over 4 dynes/sq. cm during July) to be considerably stronger than the northeast monsoon with a maximum in January. Maps of wind stress curl during the southwest monsoon show a large region of negative curl (over -4 x 10 to the-8th dynes/cc) to the northeast off the somali coast, whereas a region of a high positive curl occurs off the Arabian peninsula and in a small band off the Somali east coast north of 5 N. Sverdrup mass transports of up to 40 x 10 to the -12th g/sec to the north off the Somali coast are in rough agreement with observed values. (Author).
The Atmosphere and Climate of Mars
| Author | : Robert M. Haberle |
| Publisher | : Cambridge University Press |
| Total Pages | : 613 |
| Release | : 2017-06-29 |
| Genre | : Science |
| ISBN | : 110817938X |
Download The Atmosphere and Climate of Mars Book in PDF, ePub and Kindle
Humanity has long been fascinated by the planet Mars. Was its climate ever conducive to life? What is the atmosphere like today and why did it change so dramatically over time? Eleven spacecraft have successfully flown to Mars since the Viking mission of the 1970s and early 1980s. These orbiters, landers and rovers have generated vast amounts of data that now span a Martian decade (roughly eighteen years). This new volume brings together the many new ideas about the atmosphere and climate system that have emerged, including the complex interplay of the volatile and dust cycles, the atmosphere-surface interactions that connect them over time, and the diversity of the planet's environment and its complex history. Including tutorials and explanations of complicated ideas, students, researchers and non-specialists alike are able to use this resource to gain a thorough and up-to-date understanding of this most Earth-like of planetary neighbours.
Effects of Weather Upon the Thermal Structure of the Ocean
| Author | : United States. Hydrographic Office |
| Publisher | : |
| Total Pages | : 116 |
| Release | : 1952 |
| Genre | : Ocean temperature |
| ISBN | : |
Download Effects of Weather Upon the Thermal Structure of the Ocean Book in PDF, ePub and Kindle
An investigation was made of the meteorological factors which a ffect the thermal structure of the ocean, and an attempt was made to develop techniques for predicting this structure. A prediction technique is proposed which is based on relationships giving the magnitude of the effects of radiation, evaporation and molecular conduction, convection, and turbulent mixing on the thermal structure. A sample prediction showed promise, but the data indicated that an accurate and operationally useful prediction method required a consideration of the internal waves which produce vertical motion. This factor was investigated for a 2-layer system and for a model in which the density was a continuous function of depth. The main considerations in the first model were seasonal and monthly variations, semidiurnal and diurnal tidal variations, short period variations, and random variations, Study of semidiurnal and diurnal tidal variations led to an empirical formula giving the amplitudes of oscillation in one area as a function of the thickness and density discontinuity of the 2-layer system. Where the data were adequate for a forecast, the formula predicted amplitudes with a fair degree of accuracy. Methods were also developed for predicting the internal oscillations of the continuous density model. A sample prediction showed good agreement at the greater depths; however, discrepancies occurred near the surface.
The Thermal Structure of the Indian Ocean
| Author | : J. G. Colborn |
| Publisher | : |
| Total Pages | : 208 |
| Release | : 1975 |
| Genre | : Nature |
| ISBN | : |
Download The Thermal Structure of the Indian Ocean Book in PDF, ePub and Kindle
Honolulu : University Press of Hawaii, [1975].
Frontiers in Decadal Climate Variability
| Author | : National Academies of Sciences, Engineering, and Medicine |
| Publisher | : National Academies Press |
| Total Pages | : 92 |
| Release | : 2016-07-22 |
| Genre | : Science |
| ISBN | : 0309444640 |
Download Frontiers in Decadal Climate Variability Book in PDF, ePub and Kindle
Many factors contribute to variability in Earth's climate on a range of timescales, from seasons to decades. Natural climate variability arises from two different sources: (1) internal variability from interactions among components of the climate system, for example, between the ocean and the atmosphere, and (2) natural external forcings, such as variations in the amount of radiation from the Sun. External forcings on the climate system also arise from some human activities, such as the emission of greenhouse gases (GHGs) and aerosols. The climate that we experience is a combination of all of these factors. Understanding climate variability on the decadal timescale is important to decision-making. Planners and policy makers want information about decadal variability in order to make decisions in a range of sectors, including for infrastructure, water resources, agriculture, and energy. In September 2015, the National Academies of Sciences, Engineering, and Medicine convened a workshop to examine variability in Earth's climate on decadal timescales, defined as 10 to 30 years. During the workshop, ocean and climate scientists reviewed the state of the science of decadal climate variability and its relationship to rates of human-caused global warming, and they explored opportunities for improvement in modeling and observations and assessing knowledge gaps. Frontiers in Decadal Climate Variability summarizes the presentations and discussions from the workshop.
Middle Atmosphere Dynamics
| Author | : David G. Andrews |
| Publisher | : Academic Press |
| Total Pages | : 502 |
| Release | : 2016-07-21 |
| Genre | : Science |
| ISBN | : 0080954677 |
Download Middle Atmosphere Dynamics Book in PDF, ePub and Kindle
For advanced undergraduate and beginning graduate students in atmospheric, oceanic, and climate science, Atmosphere, Ocean and Climate Dynamics is an introductory textbook on the circulations of the atmosphere and ocean and their interaction, with an emphasis on global scales. It will give students a good grasp of what the atmosphere and oceans look like on the large-scale and why they look that way. The role of the oceans in climate and paleoclimate is also discussed. The combination of observations, theory and accompanying illustrative laboratory experiments sets this text apart by making it accessible to students with no prior training in meteorology or oceanography. * Written at a mathematical level that is appealing for undergraduates and beginning graduate students * Provides a useful educational tool through a combination of observations and laboratory demonstrations which can be viewed over the web * Contains instructions on how to reproduce the simple but informative laboratory experiments * Includes copious problems (with sample answers) to help students learn the material.
