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The Status of the CMS Forward Pixel Detector

The Status of the CMS Forward Pixel Detector
Author: Ping Tan
Publisher:
Total Pages: 3
Release: 2006
Genre:
ISBN:

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The silicon pixel detector is the innermost component of the CMS tracking system. It provides precise measurements of space points to allow effective pattern recognition in multiple track environments near the LHC interaction point. The end disks of the pixel detector, known as the Forward Pixel detector, are constructed mainly by the US-CMS collaborators. The design techniques, readout electronics, test beam activities, and construction status are reviewed.


Commissioning of the CMS Forward Pixel Detector

Commissioning of the CMS Forward Pixel Detector
Author:
Publisher:
Total Pages: 8
Release: 2008
Genre:
ISBN:

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The Compact Muon Solenoid (CMS) experiment is scheduled for physics data taking in summer 2009 after the commissioning of high energy proton-proton collisions at Large Hadron Collider (LHC). At the core of the CMS all-silicon tracker is the silicon pixel detector, comprising three barrel layers and two pixel disks in the forward and backward regions, accounting for a total of 66 million channels. The pixel detector will provide high-resolution, 3D tracking points, essential for pattern recognition and precise vertexing, while being embedded in a hostile radiation environment. The end disks of the pixel detector, known as the Forward Pixel detector, has been assembled and tested at Fermilab, USA. It has 18 million pixel cells with dimension 100 x 150 [mu]m2. The complete forward pixel detector was shipped to CERN in December 2007, where it underwent extensive system tests for commissioning prior to the installation. The pixel system was put in its final place inside the CMS following the installation and bake out of the LHC beam pipe in July 2008. It has been integrated with other sub-detectors in the readout since September 2008 and participated in the cosmic data taking. This report covers the strategy and results from commissioning of CMS forward pixel detector at CERN.


Hit Efficiency Study of CMS Prototype Forward Pixel Detectors

Hit Efficiency Study of CMS Prototype Forward Pixel Detectors
Author: Dongwook Kim
Publisher:
Total Pages: 7
Release: 2006
Genre:
ISBN:

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In this paper the author describes the measurement of the hit efficiency of a prototype pixel device for the CMS forward pixel detector. These pixel detectors were FM type sensors with PSI46V1 chip readout. The data were taken with the 120 GeV proton beam at Fermilab during the period of December 2004 to February 2005. The detectors proved to be highly efficient (99.27 {+-} 0.02%). The inefficiency was primarily located near the corners of the individual pixels.


Status of the CMS Pixel Project

Status of the CMS Pixel Project
Author:
Publisher:
Total Pages: 3
Release: 2008
Genre:
ISBN:

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The Compact Muon Solenoid Experiment (CMS) will start taking data at the Large Hadron Collider (LHC) in 2008. The closest detector to the interaction point is the silicon pixel detector which is the heart of the tracking system. It consists of three barrel layers and two pixel disks on each side of the interaction point for a total of 66 million channels. Its proximity to the interaction point means there will be very large particle fluences and therefore a radiation-tolerant design is necessary. The pixel detector will be crucial to achieve a good vertex resolution and will play a key role in pattern recognition and track reconstruction. The results from test beam runs prove that the expected performances can be achieved. The detector is currently being assembled and will be ready for insertion into CMS in early 2008. During the assembly phase, a thorough electronic test is being done to check the functionality of each channel to guarantee the performance required to achieve the physics goals. This report will present the final detector design, the status of the production as well as results from test beam runs to validate the expected performance.


At the Leading Edge

At the Leading Edge
Author: Dan Green
Publisher: World Scientific
Total Pages: 445
Release: 2010
Genre: Science
ISBN: 9814277614

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Too often descriptions of detectors focus on the "what" and not the "why." This volume aims to elucidate how the requirements of the physics at the Large Hadron Collider (LHC) define the detector environment. In turn, the detector choices are made to adopt to that environment. The goal of LHC physics is to explore the mechanism for electroweak symmetry breaking. Because of the minuscule cross-sections which need to be explored, 0.1 fb, the LHC needs to provide 100 fb-1/yr, or an instantaneous luminosity of 1034 / (cm2 sec). With a bunch crossing interval of 25 nsec, well matched to detector speeds, there will be 25 events occupying each bunch crossing. Thus the physics requires fast, finely segmented, low noise and radiation resistant detectors which provide redundant measurements of the rarely produced electrons and muons. To achieve those goals, new ground was broken in constructing the A Toroidal LHC Apparatus (ATLAS) and Compact Muon Solenoid (CMS) detectors in the vertex detectors, tracking systems, calorimetry, strong magnets, muon systems, front end electronics, trigger systems, and in the data acquisition methods used.


Particles and Nuclei

Particles and Nuclei
Author: Peter D. Barnes
Publisher: AIP Conference Proceedings / H
Total Pages: 1216
Release: 2006-10-04
Genre: Science
ISBN:

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This is the proceedings of the 17th International Conference on Particles and Nuclei, Santa Fe, New Mexico, USA which was concerned with new developments in experimental and theoretical particle physics, nuclear physics, and cosmology, and the intersections of these fields which will help us understand our Universe more completely. The participants reported on new developments in instrumentation, including large-scale facilities, such as accelerators, that will be essential for future work.


Wire Bond Vibration of Forward Pixel Tracking Detector of CMS.

Wire Bond Vibration of Forward Pixel Tracking Detector of CMS.
Author: S. Kwan
Publisher:
Total Pages: 12
Release: 2006
Genre:
ISBN:

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Wire bonds of the Forward Pixel (FPix) tracking detectors are oriented in the direction that maximizes Lorentz Forces relative to the 4 Tesla field of the Compact Muon Solenoid (CMS) Detector's magnet. The CMS Experiment is under construction at the Large Hadron Collider at CERN, Geneva, Switzerland. We were concerned about Lorentz Force oscillating the wires at their fundamental frequencies and possibly fracturing or breaking them at their heels, as happened with the CDF wire bonds. This paper reports a study to understand what conditions break such bonds.


Power Distribution Studies for CMS Forward Tracker

Power Distribution Studies for CMS Forward Tracker
Author:
Publisher:
Total Pages: 4
Release: 2009
Genre:
ISBN:

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The Electronic Systems Engineering Department of the Computing Division at the Fermi National Accelerator Laboratory is carrying out R & D investigations for the upgrade of the power distribution system of the Compact Muon Solenoid (CMS) Pixel Tracker at the Large Hadron Collider (LHC). Among the goals of this effort is that of analyzing the feasibility of alternative powering schemes for the forward tracker, including DC to DC voltage conversion techniques using commercially available and custom switching regulator circuits. Tests of these approaches are performed using the PSI46 pixel readout chip currently in use at the CMS Tracker. Performance measures of the detector electronics will include pixel noise and threshold dispersion results. Issues related to susceptibility to switching noise will be studied and presented. In this paper, we describe the current power distribution network of the CMS Tracker, study the implications of the proposed upgrade with DC-DC converters powering scheme and perform noise susceptibility analysis.