Peru
Author | : Edgar Alberto Rozas L. |
Publisher | : |
Total Pages | : 0 |
Release | : |
Genre | : Incas |
ISBN | : |
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Author | : Edgar Alberto Rozas L. |
Publisher | : |
Total Pages | : 0 |
Release | : |
Genre | : Incas |
ISBN | : |
Author | : Edgar Alberto Rozas L. |
Publisher | : |
Total Pages | : 48 |
Release | : 1959 |
Genre | : Incas |
ISBN | : |
Author | : Edgar Alberto Rozas L. |
Publisher | : |
Total Pages | : 44 |
Release | : 1965 |
Genre | : Cuzco (Peru) |
ISBN | : |
Author | : Johan Reinhard |
Publisher | : Cotsen Institute of Archaeology Press |
Total Pages | : 201 |
Release | : 2007-12-31 |
Genre | : History |
ISBN | : 1938770927 |
Machu Picchu, recently voted one of the New Wonders of the World, is one of the world's most famous archaeological sites, yet it remains a mystery. Even the most basic questions are still unanswered: What was its meaning and why was it built in such a difficult location? Renowned explorer Johan Reinhard attempts to answer such elusive questions from the perspectives of sacred landscape and archaeoastronomy. Using information gathered from historical, archaeological, and ethnographical sources, Reinhard demonstrates how the site is situated in the center of sacred mountains and associated with a sacred river, which is in turn symbolically linked with the sun's passage. Taken together, these features meant that Machu Picchu formed a cosmological, hydrological, and sacred geological center for a vast region.
Author | : Carolina Orsini |
Publisher | : White Star Publishers |
Total Pages | : 207 |
Release | : 2012 |
Genre | : Incas |
ISBN | : 9788854407114 |
The volume is dedicated to the presentation of the Incas from the information that has come down to us from ancient records, from mythology and from archaeology. Drawing upon the latest researches and sources on the subject, the volume seeks to unfold to the larger public the historical conditions, reasons and events that led to Incas' success between the 13th and 15th centuries AD in imposing their domination upon the numerous populations native to the vast Andean territory. In presenting the historical records and archaeological evidences that relate the conquests and deeds of the sovereigns, from the legendary Manco Capac to Tupac Amaru, the last 'Son of the Sun,' this book provides an understanding of how the Incas developed from a small ethnic group to become an imperial power. In addition, special attention is given to in-depth examinations that enable the reader to understand the complex structure of Incan society and its political, economic and religious organization. Following the winding path of the Urubamba River across the so-called Sacred Valley, the heart of the empire, this volume, with the support of splendid images, visits the famous archaeological sites where, in a magnificent collaboration with the environment, the Incas were able to mold their own history through the construction of roads, hanging bridges, sanctuaries and cities. The Incas developed a culture that was the end result of a long process of transformation which involved all the thousand-year old Pre-Hispanic civilizations of the Peruvian area: they were however able, more than any predecessor or challenger, to build relationships and dominate far-flung and extremely varied territory. For this reason, they remain the unifying symbol of the modern Andean nations. AUTHOR: Carolina Orsini (1972) is curator of the extra-European Collections of the Civic Museums' Applied Art Collection of the Castello Sforzesco, Milan. For nearly a decade she has undertaken - and still undertakes - field work in the Peruvian Andes, where she directs the works of the Antonio Raimondi Archaeology and Anthropology Mission, in collaboration with the Italian Ministry of Foreign Affairs and various Peruvian institutions. Orsini graduated in Indigenous Civilizations of America at the University of Bologna; she obtained a diploma in archaeology at the High School for Cultural Heritage of the Scuola Normale Superiore of Pisa and she subsequently obtained the Ph.D at the University of Bologna with a thesis on the landscape archaeology of the Chacas Valley in Peru. She is member of the national board of the Peruvian archaeologists and is one of the Italian representatives for the Corpus Americanensium Italicum project of Brussels' Academy of Sciences. In recent years she has collaborated with many Italian and foreign museum institutions as guest researcher and as scientific consultant for American-themed exhibitions, and has organized various exhibitions on non-European cultures at the Castello Sforzesco. Orsini has written many scientific articles about American-Indian cultures, besides numerous monographs on the ancient Pre-Hispanic cultures of Peru. Colour illustrations
Author | : Norah Romney |
Publisher | : DTTV PUBLICATIONS |
Total Pages | : 225 |
Release | : 2021-02-13 |
Genre | : History |
ISBN | : |
There are a host of ancient ruins in South America, claimed by the Inca, inherited by the Inca, conquered by the Inca and built by the Inca. Although one label has stuck on each monument or ancient site, it is clear there are many layers of construction, physically and conceptually. Academics and Scholars still debate who built these, monuments, did they inherit them? Was there a Pre-Inca culture, but everyone can appreciate how advanced the ‘Inca Ancient Ruins’ found in the highlands of South America. The Inca were largest empire ever seen in the Americas and the largest in the world at that time, yet doubt is cast on their monuments and origins. Tiahuanaco, a region of Bolivia that holds many remnants of ancient civilizations, demonstrates some of the most unique and amazingly precise examples of stonework in the world. The ancient people who created these walls and buildings used such a high degree of mathematical expertise that the workmanship is astounding even to modern day people. They marvel at how the stone-cutters from long ago created all of it with simple hand tools.The high plains of Peru and Bolivia in the Andes Mountains holds a wealth of historical sites, each one more amazing than the next. Scholars and archaeologists had only seen the same type of masonry in ancient Egypt before this. Although some historians call this Inca architecture, this later time period civilization had little to do with creating these fantastic structures. The Incas dominated this area from approximately the 13th to 14th centuries AD up until the time of the Spanish explorers' conquest of the region. Indeed, they built some magnificent structures, but the ones most interesting for their precision and longevity came from even older groups. Some of these empires were called the Wari and the Tiahuanaco. They existed hundreds or even thousands of years before the Inca came to power.Multiple historians who specialize in architectural studies have dedicated a lot of their time and knowledge to figuring out how ancient groups of people who did not use advanced tools or even the wheel could create such structures. The most advanced chisels and hammers of the time would have been created from copper, stone, and wood. With these simple hand tools, people dug granite, andesite, and porphyry out of quarries. After transporting them to the final locations, they then carved them with smooth precision so they would fit together almost seamlessly.What techniques could these ancient experts use to make such flat and smooth surfaces, exact angles, and joints that would not allow a single blade of grass to squeeze between? Historians can only guess about some of the methods that allowed for such unique stone cutting and building styles.
Author | : R. Alan Covey |
Publisher | : U OF M MUSEUM ANTHRO ARCHAEOLOGY |
Total Pages | : 241 |
Release | : 2014-01-01 |
Genre | : |
ISBN | : 0915703831 |
Author | : Garfield Tavernier |
Publisher | : Dorrance Publishing |
Total Pages | : 196 |
Release | : 2021-06-18 |
Genre | : Travel |
ISBN | : 1649571305 |
Wonders in the Sacred Valley of the Incas: Pisac to Machu Picchu By: Garfield Tavernier Wonders in the Sacred Valley of the Incas is a practical, interesting, and informative guide to the heartland of the Incas, including the legendary capital City of Cuzco and the main archeological and geographical sites in the Valley, from Pisac to Machu Picchu. The Vilcanota Valley is widely acclaimed for its natural beauty; dominated by the majestic mountain range; basking in blowing breezes of the finest airs and carved by the roaring waters of the river running into pools of sweet serenity. Accurate data points, keen analysis, and firsthand observations provide insight and perspective for the casual traveler or the curious reader. It also dispels the many myths about the marvelous and mystical sanctuary and retreat between the Picchus, now widely acclaimed as a Wonder of the World.
Author | : Ephraim George Squier |
Publisher | : |
Total Pages | : 664 |
Release | : 1877 |
Genre | : Chimes |
ISBN | : |
Author | : R. Alan Covey |
Publisher | : University of Michigan Press |
Total Pages | : 362 |
Release | : 2006 |
Genre | : History |
ISBN | : 9780472114788 |
"In How the Incas Built Their Heartland R. Alan Covey supplements an archaeological approach with the tools of a historian, forming an interdisciplinary study of how the Incas became sufficiently powerful to embark on an unprecedented campaign of territorial expansion and how such developments related to earlier patterns of Andean statecraft."--BOOK JACKET.