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The Roles of Short-Run and Long-Run Volatility Factors in Options Market

The Roles of Short-Run and Long-Run Volatility Factors in Options Market
Author: Yang-Ho Park
Publisher:
Total Pages: 54
Release: 2015
Genre:
ISBN:

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This paper examines the option pricing implications of short-run and long-run volatility factors, which are assumed to be driven by short-run and long-run news events, respectively. Using a comprehensive dataset of S&P 500 index options over 1993-2008, I find that the proposed two-factor volatility models have two desirable properties that help capture the term structures of option-implied volatility and skewness. First, the options data show evidence of time-variation in the long-run expectation of volatility, which may be caused by long-run news events. While this feature is inconsistent with a single-factor volatility assumption, the two-factor volatility models do a good job of matching the entire term structure of implied volatility. Second, the options data reveal that the term structure of implied skewness is nearly flat on average. This feature is hard to reconcile with single-factor volatility models and jumps in returns. In contrast, I find that the two-factor volatility models can generate flat term structures much like those seen in the data. In particular, the short-run volatility factor is dominant in generating short-term skewness, while the long-run volatility factor plays a pivotal role in generating long-term skewness.


Cointegration, Causality, and Forecasting

Cointegration, Causality, and Forecasting
Author: Halbert White
Publisher: Oxford University Press, USA
Total Pages: 512
Release: 1999
Genre: Business & Economics
ISBN: 9780198296836

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A collection of essays in honour of Clive Granger. The chapters are by some of the world's leading econometricians, all of whom have collaborated with and/or studied with both) Clive Granger. Central themes of Granger's work are reflected in the book with attention to tests for unit roots and cointegration, tests of misspecification, forecasting models and forecast evaluation, non-linear and non-parametric econometric techniques, and overall, a careful blend of practical empirical work and strong theory. The book shows the scope of Granger's research and the range of the profession that has been influenced by his work.


The Pricing of Short-term Market Risk

The Pricing of Short-term Market Risk
Author: Torben G. Andersen
Publisher:
Total Pages: 0
Release: 2015
Genre: Capital assets pricing model
ISBN:

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We study short-term market risks implied by weekly S&P 500 index options. The introduction of weekly options has dramatically shifted the maturity profile of traded options over the last five years, with a substantial proportion now having expiry within one week. Economically, this reflects a desire among investors for actively managing their exposure to very short-term risks. Such short-dated options provide an easy and direct way to study market volatility and jump risks. Unlike longer-dated options, they are largely insensitive to the risk of intertemporal shifts in the economic environment, i.e., changes in the investment opportunity set. Adopting a novel general semi-nonparametric approach, we uncover variation in the shape of the negative market jump tail risk which is not spanned by market volatility. Incidents of such tail shape shifts coincide with serious mispricing of standard parametric models for longer-dated options. As such, our approach allows for easy identification of periods of heightened concerns about negative tail events on the market that are not always "signaled" by the level of market volatility and elude standard asset pricing models.


Advances in Futures and Options Research

Advances in Futures and Options Research
Author: Phelim P. Boyle
Publisher: JAI Press Incorporated
Total Pages: 280
Release: 1999-11-22
Genre: Business & Economics
ISBN: 9780762303267

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Part of a series which focuses on advances in futures and options research, this title discusses a variety of topics in the field.


The Role of Fat-tails, Multiple Variance Components, and Pricing Kernels in Option Pricing

The Role of Fat-tails, Multiple Variance Components, and Pricing Kernels in Option Pricing
Author: Kadir Gokhan Babaoglu
Publisher:
Total Pages:
Release: 2016
Genre:
ISBN:

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My dissertation, composed of two chapters, explores the pricing of index and individual equity options contracts. These chapters make three modeling choices on (i) state variables, (ii) return innovations and (iii) the pricing kernel, and answer the question about what we can learn from stocks and options data. Both chapters specify a variance-dependent pricing kernel, which allows non-monotonicity when projected onto returns. While first chapter employs Inverse Gaussian distribution to capture fat-tailed dynamics of returns, second chapter chooses to model distribution of returns as a normal shock plus Compound Poisson jumps. Regarding the state variables, Chapter 1 uses long-run and short-run variance components, whereas Chapter 2 defines normal and jump variance components as the state variables. The first chapter nests multiple volatility components, fat tails and a variance-dependent pricing kernel in a single option model and compare their contribution to describing returns and option data. All three features lead to statistically significant model improvements. A variance-dependent pricing kernel is economically most important and improves option fit by 17% on average and more so for two-factor models. A second volatility component improves the option fit by 9% on average. Fat tails improve option fit by just over 4% on average, but more so when a variance-dependent pricing kernel is applied. Overall these three model features are complements rather than substitutes: the importance of one feature increases in conjunction with the others. Focusing on individual equity options, second chapter develops a new factor model that explores (i) if a separate beta for market jumps is needed, (ii) cross-sectional differences in jump betas of stocks, and (iii) the role of jump betas in explaining equity option prices. Differentiating between normal beta and jump beta, the model predicts that a stock with higher sensitivity to market jumps (normal shocks) have higher out-of-the-money (at-the-money) option prices. The results show that jump betas are needed to adequately explain equity options.


Competition for Listings

Competition for Listings
Author: Thierry Foucault
Publisher:
Total Pages: 64
Release: 1999
Genre: Business enterprises
ISBN:

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Food Price Volatility and Its Implications for Food Security and Policy

Food Price Volatility and Its Implications for Food Security and Policy
Author: Matthias Kalkuhl
Publisher: Springer
Total Pages: 620
Release: 2016-04-12
Genre: Business & Economics
ISBN: 3319282018

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This book provides fresh insights into concepts, methods and new research findings on the causes of excessive food price volatility. It also discusses the implications for food security and policy responses to mitigate excessive volatility. The approaches applied by the contributors range from on-the-ground surveys, to panel econometrics and innovative high-frequency time series analysis as well as computational economics methods. It offers policy analysts and decision-makers guidance on dealing with extreme volatility.


Volatility and Correlation

Volatility and Correlation
Author: Riccardo Rebonato
Publisher: John Wiley & Sons
Total Pages: 864
Release: 2005-07-08
Genre: Business & Economics
ISBN: 0470091401

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In Volatility and Correlation 2nd edition: The Perfect Hedger and the Fox, Rebonato looks at derivatives pricing from the angle of volatility and correlation. With both practical and theoretical applications, this is a thorough update of the highly successful Volatility & Correlation – with over 80% new or fully reworked material and is a must have both for practitioners and for students. The new and updated material includes a critical examination of the ‘perfect-replication’ approach to derivatives pricing, with special attention given to exotic options; a thorough analysis of the role of quadratic variation in derivatives pricing and hedging; a discussion of the informational efficiency of markets in commonly-used calibration and hedging practices. Treatment of new models including Variance Gamma, displaced diffusion, stochastic volatility for interest-rate smiles and equity/FX options. The book is split into four parts. Part I deals with a Black world without smiles, sets out the author’s ‘philosophical’ approach and covers deterministic volatility. Part II looks at smiles in equity and FX worlds. It begins with a review of relevant empirical information about smiles, and provides coverage of local-stochastic-volatility, general-stochastic-volatility, jump-diffusion and Variance-Gamma processes. Part II concludes with an important chapter that discusses if and to what extent one can dispense with an explicit specification of a model, and can directly prescribe the dynamics of the smile surface. Part III focusses on interest rates when the volatility is deterministic. Part IV extends this setting in order to account for smiles in a financially motivated and computationally tractable manner. In this final part the author deals with CEV processes, with diffusive stochastic volatility and with Markov-chain processes. Praise for the First Edition: “In this book, Dr Rebonato brings his penetrating eye to bear on option pricing and hedging.... The book is a must-read for those who already know the basics of options and are looking for an edge in applying the more sophisticated approaches that have recently been developed.” —Professor Ian Cooper, London Business School “Volatility and correlation are at the very core of all option pricing and hedging. In this book, Riccardo Rebonato presents the subject in his characteristically elegant and simple fashion...A rare combination of intellectual insight and practical common sense.” —Anthony Neuberger, London Business School


Option Volatility & Pricing: Advanced Trading Strategies and Techniques

Option Volatility & Pricing: Advanced Trading Strategies and Techniques
Author: Sheldon Natenberg
Publisher: McGraw Hill Professional
Total Pages: 485
Release: 1994-08
Genre: Business & Economics
ISBN: 155738486X

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Provides a thorough discussion of volatility, the most important aspect of options trading. Shows how to identify mispriced options and to construct volatility and "delta neutral" spreads.