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Central Bank Digital Currency's Role in Promoting Financial Inclusion

Central Bank Digital Currency's Role in Promoting Financial Inclusion
Author: Ashley Lannquist
Publisher: International Monetary Fund
Total Pages: 37
Release: 2023-09-22
Genre: Business & Economics
ISBN:

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Financial inclusion is a key policy objective that central banks, especially those in emerging and low-income countries, are considering for retail central bank digital currency (CBDC). If properly designed to address the barriers to financial inclusion, CBDCs have the opportunity to gain acceptance by the financially excluded for digital payments. CBDC can then serve as an entry point to the broader formal financial system. CBDC has special aspects that may benefit financial inclusion, such as being a risk-free and widely acceptable form of digital money, availability for offline payments, and potentially lower costs and greater accessibility. However, CBDC is not a panacea to financial inclusion, and additional experience is needed to fully understand its potential impact.


The Role of Central Bank Digital Currencies in Financial Inclusion

The Role of Central Bank Digital Currencies in Financial Inclusion
Author: Asian Development Bank
Publisher: Asian Development Bank
Total Pages: 91
Release: 2023-03-01
Genre: Business & Economics
ISBN: 929270091X

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Asia and the Pacific continues to experience rapid development of innovative technology solutions driven by increased government support to help address the economic fallout of the coronavirus disease pandemic. This publication identifies the role that central bank digital currencies could play in overcoming some of the challenges of achieving financial inclusion. It proposes recommendations to aid policy makers and regulators. The publication shares insights from the Asia–Pacific Financial Inclusion Forum, a policy initiative of the Asia–Pacific Economic Cooperation Finance Ministers’ Process.


Central Bank Digital Currency and Fintech in Asia

Central Bank Digital Currency and Fintech in Asia
Author: Marlene Amstad
Publisher: Asian Development Bank
Total Pages: 400
Release: 2019-11-26
Genre: Business & Economics
ISBN: 9784899742135

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This book provides a thorough introduction and historical overview of the principles and practices of digital currency and fintech in Asia. It covers the theory of central bank digital currency and examines regulatory aspects, economic digitalization, financial inclusion, and the role of SMEs. Selected case studies offer in-depth insights into recent fintech developments in major economies, including Australia; Hong Kong, China; Indonesia; Japan; the People's Republic of China; the Republic of Korea; and Thailand. The book also makes a valuable supplement for introductory courses on finance, governance, and economics, as it appeals to a broad range of readers, including university students, academics, finance practitioners, and policy makers.


Casting Light on Central Bank Digital Currencies

Casting Light on Central Bank Digital Currencies
Author: Mr.Tommaso Mancini Griffoli
Publisher: International Monetary Fund
Total Pages: 39
Release: 2018-11-12
Genre: Business & Economics
ISBN: 1484384571

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Digitalization is reshaping economic activity, shrinking the role of cash, and spurring new digital forms of money. Central banks have been pondering wheter and how to adapt. One possibility is central bank digital currency (CBDC)-- a widely accessible digital form of fiat money that could be legal tender. This discussion note proposes a conceptual framework to assess the case for CBDC adoption from the perspective of users and central banks. It discusses possible CBDC designs, and explores potential benefits and costs, with a focus on the impact on monetary policy, financial stability, and integrity. This note also surveys research and pilot studies on CBDC by central banks around the world.


Designing Central Bank Digital Currencies

Designing Central Bank Digital Currencies
Author: Mr.Itai Agur
Publisher: International Monetary Fund
Total Pages: 38
Release: 2019-11-18
Genre: Business & Economics
ISBN: 1513519883

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We study the optimal design of a central bank digital currency (CBDC) in an environment where agents sort into cash, CBDC and bank deposits according to their preferences over anonymity and security; and where network effects make the convenience of payment instruments dependent on the number of their users. CBDC can be designed with attributes similar to cash or deposits, and can be interest-bearing: a CBDC that closely competes with deposits depresses bank credit and output, while a cash-like CBDC may lead to the disappearance of cash. Then, the optimal CBDC design trades off bank intermediation against the social value of maintaining diverse payment instruments. When network effects matter, an interest-bearing CBDC alleviates the central bank's tradeoff.


Central Bank Digital Currency and Financial Inclusion

Central Bank Digital Currency and Financial Inclusion
Author: Brandon Tan
Publisher: International Monetary Fund
Total Pages: 50
Release: 2023-03-17
Genre: Business & Economics
ISBN:

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In this paper, we develop a model incorporating the impact of financial inclusion to study the implications of introducing a retail central bank digital currency (CBDC). CBDCs in developing countries (unlike in advanced countries) have the potential to bank large unbanked populations and boost financial inclusion which can increase overall lending and reduce bank disintermediation risks. Our model captures two key channels. First, CBDC issuance can increase bank deposits from the previously unbanked by incentivizing the opening of bank accounts for access to CBDC wallets (offsetting potential flows from deposits to CBDCs among those already banked). Second, data from CBDC usage allows for the building of credit to reduce credit-risk information asymmetry in lending. We find that CBDC can increase overall lending if (1) bank deposit liquidity risk is low, (2) the size and relative wealth of the previously unbanked population is large, and (3) CBDC is valuable to households as a means of payment or for credit-building. CBDC can still be optimal for household welfare even when overall lending decreases as households benefit from the value of using CBDC for payments, CBDC provides an alternative "safe" savings vehicle, and CBDC generates greater surplus in lending by reducing credit-risk information asymmetry. Most countries are considering a "two-tier" CBDC model, where central banks issue CBDC to commercial banks which in turn distribute them to consumers. If non-bank payment system providers can distribute CBDC, fewer funds will flow into deposit accounts from the unbanked because a bank account is no longer needed to access CBDC. If CBDC data is shareable with banks, those without bank accounts can still build credit and access lower interest rate loans. This design is optimal for welfare if the gains from greater access to CBDC outweigh the contraction in lending.


The Rise of Digital Money

The Rise of Digital Money
Author: Mr.Tobias Adrian
Publisher: International Monetary Fund
Total Pages: 20
Release: 2019-07-15
Genre: Business & Economics
ISBN: 1498324908

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This paper marks the launch of a new IMF series, Fintech Notes. Building on years of IMF staff work, it will explore pressing topics in the digital economy and be issued periodically. The series will carry work by IMF staff and will seek to provide insight into the intersection of technology and the global economy. The Rise of Digital Money analyses how technology companies are stepping up competition to large banks and credit card companies. Digital forms of money are increasingly in the wallets of consumers as well as in the minds of policymakers. Cash and bank deposits are battling with so-called e-money, electronically stored monetary value denominated in, and pegged to, a currency like the euro or the dollar. This paper identifies the benefits and risks and highlights regulatory issues that are likely to emerge with a broader adoption of stablecoins. The paper also highlights the risks associated with e-money: potential creation of new monopolies; threats to weaker currencies; concerns about consumer protection and financial stability; and the risk of fostering illegal activities, among others.


Central Bank Digital Currencies and the Global Financial System

Central Bank Digital Currencies and the Global Financial System
Author: Muhammad Ashfaq
Publisher: Walter de Gruyter GmbH & Co KG
Total Pages: 180
Release: 2023-07-24
Genre: Business & Economics
ISBN: 3110982390

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Central Bank Digital Currencies and Global Financial System: Theory and Practice is the perfect book for anyone interested in the impact of digital currencies on the global financial system, providing valuable insights and analysis on the topic. The topic of central bank digital currencies (CBDCs) is particularly relevant in 2023 because the use of digital currencies is rapidly growing around the world, and many central banks are exploring the idea of developing their own CBDCs. This book offers readers an opportunity to gain a better understanding of CBDCs, including their history, differences with cryptocurrencies, and the potential impact of CBDCs on the future of the financial system. The book’s didactic approach breaks down complex topics into easily digestible chapters, allowing readers to easily understand and follow the progression of digital currencies. For those interested in the future of digital currencies, the book offers a chapter on future research directions and concluding remarks. Central Bank Digital Currencies and Global Financial System: Theory and Practice is a must-read for anyone interested in the intersection of finance and technology. By exploring the evolution of digital currencies and their impact on the global financial system, this book provides valuable insights for policymakers, financial professionals, and anyone looking to understand the future of money.


The Future of Money

The Future of Money
Author: Josh Luberisse
Publisher: Fortis Novum Mundum
Total Pages: 243
Release:
Genre: Business & Economics
ISBN:

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The global financial landscape is on the brink of a monumental shift. Central Bank Digital Currencies (CBDCs) promise to revolutionize the way we think about money, transactions, and economic policy. But what does this mean for the future of finance, and how will it affect you? Authored by a leading expert in finance and technology, ‘The Future of Money: How Central Bank Digital Currencies Will Reshape The Global Financial System’ provides an in-depth exploration of CBDCs and their potential to transform the global economy. Drawing on extensive research and expert analysis, this book delves into the mechanics of CBDCs, their implementation by central banks, and the profound impacts they will have on international trade, financial inclusion, and monetary policy. CBDCs aren't just a new form of money; they are a total overhaul of our financial infrastructure, promising to make transactions faster, cheaper, and more accessible for people everywhere—from bustling urban centers to remote rural communities. But how will these digital currencies affect global trade, privacy, or even the sovereignty of nations? And what can we do to prepare for this imminent financial transformation? "The Future of Money" breaks down complex financial and technical concepts into clear, engaging language, making it accessible to both finance professionals and casual readers interested in the future of technology and money. Drawing on comprehensive research, expert interviews, and case studies, the book explores the potential of CBDCs to democratize financial services and outlines the challenges and opportunities that lie ahead. Whether you're a policy maker, an investor, or simply curious about the future of digital currencies, this book provides everything you need to know about the upcoming shifts in global finance. Prepare to discover: - How CBDCs work, and their potential impact on global economic dynamics. -The technological infrastructure behind digital currencies. -The potential risks and rewards of a digitally dominated financial future. -The benefits and challenges of integrating CBDCs into existing financial systems Strategic insights for businesses, governments, and individuals to navigate the new financial landscape. "The Future of Money" is not just a guide to future changes; it is a blueprint for readers worldwide to understand and navigate the new normal of digital finance. Don't miss out on understanding the future of money—embrace it, with this essential read. With a focus on both the opportunities and challenges presented by CBDCs, "The Future of Money" is an essential resource for financial professionals, policymakers, and anyone interested in the future of finance. Luberisse's authoritative and accessible style makes complex concepts understandable, providing readers with the knowledge they need to navigate the digital transformation of global finance. Prepare to be enlightened and empowered as you explore the cutting-edge of digital finance. Discover how CBDCs could democratize financial services, enhance efficiency, and ensure stability in the global financial system. Whether you're a seasoned finance expert or simply curious about the future of money, this book offers a comprehensive blueprint for understanding and embracing the financial revolution ahead.


A Survey of Research on Retail Central Bank Digital Currency

A Survey of Research on Retail Central Bank Digital Currency
Author: Mr.John Kiff
Publisher: International Monetary Fund
Total Pages: 66
Release: 2020-06-26
Genre: Business & Economics
ISBN: 151354778X

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This paper examines key considerations around central bank digital currency (CBDC) for use by the general public, based on a comprehensive review of recent research, central bank experiments, and ongoing discussions among stakeholders. It looks at the reasons why central banks are exploring retail CBDC issuance, policy and design considerations; legal, governance and regulatory perspectives; plus cybersecurity and other risk considerations. This paper makes a contribution to the CBDC literature by suggesting a structured framework to organize discussions on whether or not to issue CBDC, with an operational focus and a project management perspective.