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The Relationship Between Racial Microaggressions, Mental Health, and Academic Self-efficacy in Black College Students

The Relationship Between Racial Microaggressions, Mental Health, and Academic Self-efficacy in Black College Students
Author: DeVanté J. Cunningham
Publisher:
Total Pages:
Release: 2022
Genre: Academic achievement
ISBN:
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Racial microaggressions are daily, often subtle, verbal, environmental, and behavioral slights and insults targeted at a person or their race. Racial microaggressions can have deleterious effects on the mental health and academic outcomes of Black college students. As research on this relationship increases, it is essential to assess factors that may moderate, or lessen, the impact of racial microaggressions. There is evidence that mentoring, a form of social support, may attune the adverse effects of racial microaggressions on mental health and academic outcomes. The current study explored the relationship between racial microaggressions and mental health and academic outcomes (social anxiety, generalized anxiety, depression, and academic self-efficacy) in Black undergraduate students and assessed if the presence of mentoring moderated this relationship. Results suggest that racial microaggressions have a significant negative impact on mental health outcomes and none on academic self-efficacy. Additionally, while mentoring has a significant positive impact on three outcome variables, it does not operate as a buffer variable for the relationship between racial microaggressions and the study outcomes. As there is a direct relationship but not a buffering one, other factors may better attune the relationship between racial microaggressions and mental health and academic outcomes in Black college students. It also suggests that having a mentor can benefit college students’ mental health and well-being and can be used to offer support to the growing literature on the impact of social support in this population. Further research is needed to examine the potential buffers of the relationship. Given the beneficial impact of mentoring, additional research can further explore the longitudinal effects of mentoring on this population.

The Relationship Between Racial Microaggression and Mental Health Outcomes Among African American College Students

The Relationship Between Racial Microaggression and Mental Health Outcomes Among African American College Students
Author: Nancy M. Nealious
Publisher:
Total Pages: 194
Release: 2016
Genre: Adjustment (Psychology)
ISBN:
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Racial microaggressions are subtle verbal, behavioral, and environmental racial slights occurring in the everyday lives of minorities that are frequently associated with negative mental health outcomes (e.g., depression, anxiety). This study explored the potential buffering and explicative effects of Black racial identity and spirituality on the mental health outcomes (psychological well-being and coping) of African American undergraduate and graduate students who experienced racial microaggressions. Results of the study found that five of the six subtypes of racial microaggressions, excluding Denial of Individual Racism, were negatively correlated with an Acceptance form of coping, while racial microaggression subtypes Ascription of Intelligence, Assumption of Criminality, and Assumed Superiority of White Culture were positively correlated with Negative Affect. Spirituality was not found to act as a buffer. However, the racial identity profile Pre-encounter Self-Hate (PSH) was found to mediate the relationship between the racial microaggression subtype Myth of Meritocracy and Negative Affect. Women utilized self-distraction to cope with racial microaggressions more than their male counterparts. Overall, this study draws attention to specific racial microaggression subtypes that are particularly salient for Black students in higher education. Findings also suggest further research to understand (1) the impact of microaggressions on Black graduate students and (2) possible protective factors for Black students at Christian Colleges who experience racial microaggressions. Keywords: racial microaggressions, racial identity, mental health, Black American.

The Relationship Between Racial Microaggressions and Academic Self-Efficacy Among College Students of Color

The Relationship Between Racial Microaggressions and Academic Self-Efficacy Among College Students of Color
Author: Melissa Glenn
Publisher:
Total Pages: 0
Release: 2022
Genre:
ISBN:
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Research suggests that people of color are at-risk of facing racial microaggressions. In the context of schools, students who are recipients of microaggressions have reported either significantly improved or impaired levels of academic self-efficacy. The purpose of this study is to inform school psychologists of potential social influences of academic self-efficacy (i.e., resilience, microaggressions) and how academic self-efficacy may relate to experiencing school-related microaggressions. Specifically, this study examined whether students of color are at-risk of lower academic self-efficacy due to possible experience with microaggressions and whether perceived resilience, community involvement, or family supports moderate the relationship. Freshman students at East Carolina University in Greenville, NC were recruited to participate in this study. Participants of color neither reported significant experiences with microaggressions, nor low levels of academic self-efficacy. Overall, there were no significant differences in academic self-efficacy between White students and students of color, and both group ratings were slightly above average. In addition, students of color reported higher levels of resilience than their White counterparts. However, there were significant associations between perceived resilience and reported experiences of microaggressions. Future researchers should continue to explore influencing factors of resilience and academic self-efficacy in efforts to support college level students of color.

Examining Academic Self-efficacy, Race-related Stress, Psychological Well-being, and Racial Centrality on Black Former Undergraduate Historically Black College Students Currently Enrolled in Graduate Predominantly White Institutions

Examining Academic Self-efficacy, Race-related Stress, Psychological Well-being, and Racial Centrality on Black Former Undergraduate Historically Black College Students Currently Enrolled in Graduate Predominantly White Institutions
Author: Maime Butler
Publisher:
Total Pages: 0
Release: 2022
Genre: Academic achievement
ISBN:
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The purpose of this study was to examine the relationships among racial centrality, racerelated stress, and psychological well-being on academic self-efficacy for Black former undergraduate HBCU and PWI students currently attending PWI graduate institutions. The following measures were used to test the research questions (a) a demographic questionnaire, (b) Mental Health Inventory (MHI; Viet & Ware, 1983), (c) Multidimensional Inventory of Black Identity – Racial Centrality Scale (MIBI; Sellers, 1998), (d) Inventory of Race-Related Stress- Brief Version (IRRS-B Utsey, 1999), (e) Graduate Education Self-Efficacy Scale (GESES; Williams, 2005). There were 200 participants, 74 former HBCU graduates and 126 former PWI graduates from undergraduate institutions. ANOVAs, hierarchical multiple regressions, and canonical correlations were used. The findings indicate Black HBCU students had higher levels of racial centrality than those from PWIs. Racial centrality had a positive and significant relationship with race-related stress and psychological well-being. High racial centrality predicted high psychological well-being and high academic self-efficacy, while high race-related stress predicted low psychological well-being and academic self-efficacy. The findings differed from former HBCU students and former PWI students suggesting a need for continued research. This study highlights the fact that HBCUs matter in promoting positive wellbeing, academic performance, centrality, and other protective factors. PWIs can also build programs based on monitoring, assessing, and hearing out current Black graduate students from former HBCUs.

Exploring the Relationship Between Racial Identity, Microaggressions, and Academic Outcomes Among African American Students in the Classrooms of a Predominantly White Campus

Exploring the Relationship Between Racial Identity, Microaggressions, and Academic Outcomes Among African American Students in the Classrooms of a Predominantly White Campus
Author: Andrea M. Fernandez
Publisher:
Total Pages: 157
Release: 2014
Genre: Academic achievement
ISBN:
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"The overt nature of racism in the United States has morphed into an insidious, covert manifestation called racial microaggression (Pierce, Carew, Pierce-Gonzalez, & Wills, 1978; Sue, Capodilupo, et al., 2007). Though not often intentional in nature, these microaggressive behaviors have become pervasive in the lives of people of color (Sue, 2010; Sue, Capodilupo, et al., 2007). Extant research reveals the harmful and cumulative effects of racial microaggressions (Sue, Nadal, et al., 2008). Researchers have also found a link between the experiences of African American students and negative psychological, health, and educational outcomes (Solórzano, Ceja, & Yosso, 2000; Sue, 2010; Watkins, Labarrie, & Appio, 2010). Much research has been done on people of color's experiences with racial microaggressions; however, few studies have given attention to why some African American college students are able to excel in microaggressive academic environments while others do not. The purpose of this study was to determine to what extent African American students at a predominantly White institution experience racial microaggression in the classroom as well as the frequency with which various types of microaggressions are encountered. A secondary purpose was to identify if there is a relationship between microaggressive encounters and academic outcomes. The final purpose was to explore whether racial identity status moderates the relationship between microaggressions and academic outcomes. Forty-seven undergraduate students participated in this study. Results indicated that students' backgrounds impact how they handle microaggressive behaviors. Implications of the findings are presented and suggestions or future research are provided."--Abstract from author supplied metadata.

Racial Microaggressions in Academia: Black Students’ Perspective

Racial Microaggressions in Academia: Black Students’ Perspective
Author: Patricia Elisnord
Publisher:
Total Pages: 138
Release: 2020
Genre:
ISBN:
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ABSTRACT: The current study was designed to explore the experiences of Black and or African American identified student’s experiences with instances of racial microaggressions in academic settings. Black students from a predominantly White institution in the Northeast were interviewed using a semi-structured interview format to explore the following research questions: (a) what is the experience of Black students with racial microaggressions in academic settings? (b) How do Black students navigate instances of racial microaggressions in academic settings? (c) How does the experience of racial microaggressions impact educational motivation and performance? Results included several themes including being perceived as an aggressor or criminal, under or over representation, normalizing, presumptions/stereotyping, despondent, fear of retaliation disconfirmation, and self-doubt. Black students associated their racial microaggressive experience with being Black and having a different racial background then their aggressors. Each theme was broken down and discussed further in this paper. The findings provide insight towards the need to bring awareness to academic institutions and policy makers, encourage the implementation of additional support in academic settings for Black students, as well as information to better inform mental health counselors and psychologists working with this population.

An Examination of Race-related Stress, African Self-consciousness, and Academic Institution as Predictors of Depression Among African American Collegians

An Examination of Race-related Stress, African Self-consciousness, and Academic Institution as Predictors of Depression Among African American Collegians
Author: Stacey Marie Antoinette Jackson
Publisher:
Total Pages: 308
Release: 2017
Genre:
ISBN:
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Scholars within the field of African/Black Psychology argue that racial oppression negatively impacts African American psychological well-being. A large body of research exists supporting the claim that race-related stress is associated with poor mental health outcomes. Some Black psychologists contend that African self-consciousness is central to healthy psychological functioning suggesting that disordered Black personality results from the impact of racism on African Americans’ African self-consciousness. Lastly, when examining the psychosocial development of African American college students’ researchers often make comparisons between student experiences based on Academic Institution. The current study utilized Pearson’s correlations, hierarchical multiple regressions, and an independent samples T-test to investigate the roles that race-related stress, African self-consciousness and Academic Institution have on depression among African American collegians. The sample consisted of 167 Black college students (117 women and 50 males) recruited from a Predominately White institution (PWI) (111 participants) and a Historically Black College/Institution (HBCU) (56 participants). Results revealed total race-related stress and cultural racism significantly predicted depression. Additionally, African self-consciousness (ASCS) moderated the relationship between individual racism and depression such that, higher levels of ASCS eliminated the relationship between individual racism and depression for this sample. These findings suggest the need to further examine the unique impact of cultural, individual and institutional racism on mental health outcomes of African American collegians, along with various factors that influence these relationships. Implications of these findings for university personnel and mental health professionals are identified.

The Relationship Between Race-Related Stress and the Career Planning and Confidence for African-American College Students

The Relationship Between Race-Related Stress and the Career Planning and Confidence for African-American College Students
Author: Dwaine Turner PhD CRC
Publisher: Xlibris Corporation
Total Pages: 103
Release:
Genre: Psychology
ISBN: 1796031526
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My research focused on the relationship between career development and the different facets of racism that presents challenges in the world of academia. The social landscape of society was torn as a result of the deaths of Travon Martin, Mike Brown, Eric Grey and Eric Garner. Public opinion has varied on the causes of the deaths of many individuals in the African American community. As the author of this study I felt compelled to highlight the strength and perseverance of minorities in a college environment. Upon the completion of my study I realized that I was chronicling myself.