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The Origin of the History of Science in Classical Antiquity

The Origin of the History of Science in Classical Antiquity
Author: Leonid Zhmud
Publisher: Walter de Gruyter
Total Pages: 344
Release: 2008-08-22
Genre: History
ISBN: 3110194325

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This is the first comprehensive study of what remains of the writings of Aristotle's student Eudemus of Rhodes on the history of the exact sciences. These fragments are crucial to our understanding of the content, form, and goal of the Peripatetic historiography of science. The first part of the book presents an analysis of those trends in Presocratic, Sophistic and Platonic thought that contributed to the development of the history of science. The second part provides a detailed study of Eudemus' writings in their relationship with the scientific literature of his time, Aristotelian philosophy and the other historiographic genres practiced at the Lyceum: biography, medical and natural-philosophical doxography. Although Peripatetic historiography of science failed in establishing itself as a continuous genre, it greatly contributed both to the birth of the Arabic medieval historiography of science and to the development of this genre in Europe in the 16th-18th centuries.


Ancient Science Through the Golden Age of Greece

Ancient Science Through the Golden Age of Greece
Author: George Sarton
Publisher: Courier Corporation
Total Pages: 690
Release: 1993-01-01
Genre: Science
ISBN: 0486274950

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More than a history of Greek science, this fascinating book by an eminent science historian also provides a lucid account of ancient and early Greek cultures. Remarkably readable, thoroughly documented, and well illustrated, it covers problems of mathematics, astronomy, physics, and biology. "Magnificent." — Ashley Montagu, Saturday Review.


The Origins of Modern Science

The Origins of Modern Science
Author: Ofer Gal
Publisher: Cambridge University Press
Total Pages: 415
Release: 2021-02-04
Genre: History
ISBN: 1316510301

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"This book attempts to introduce to its readers major chapters in the history of science. It tries to present science as a human endeavor - a great achievement, and all the more human for it. In place of the story of progress and its obstacles or a parade of truths revealed, this book stresses the contingent and historical nature of scientific knowledge. Knowledge, science included, is always developed by real people, within communities, answering immediate needs and challenges shaped by place, culture, and historical events with resources drawn from their present and past. Chronologically, this book spans from Pythagorean mathematics to Newton's Principle. The book starts in the high Middle Ages and proceeds to introduce the readers to the historian's way of inquiry. At the center of this introduction is the Gothic Cathedral - a grand achievement of human knowledge, rooted in a complex cultural context, and a powerful metaphor for science. The book alternates thematic chapters with chapters concentrating on an era. Yet it attempts to integrate discussion of all different aspects of the making of knowledge: social and cultural settings, challenges and opportunities; intellectual motivations and worries; epistemological assumptions and technical ideas; instruments and procedures. The cathedral metaphor is evoked intermittently throughout, to tie the many themes discussed to the main lesson: that the complex set of beliefs, practices, and institutions we call science is a particular, contingent human phenomenon"--


A History of Science

A History of Science
Author: George Sarton
Publisher:
Total Pages: 680
Release: 1964
Genre: Civilization, Ancient
ISBN:

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The Invention of Racism in Classical Antiquity

The Invention of Racism in Classical Antiquity
Author: Benjamin Isaac
Publisher: Princeton University Press
Total Pages: 592
Release: 2013-10-31
Genre: History
ISBN: 140084956X

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There was racism in the ancient world, after all. This groundbreaking book refutes the common belief that the ancient Greeks and Romans harbored "ethnic and cultural," but not racial, prejudice. It does so by comprehensively tracing the intellectual origins of racism back to classical antiquity. Benjamin Isaac's systematic analysis of ancient social prejudices and stereotypes reveals that some of those represent prototypes of racism--or proto-racism--which in turn inspired the early modern authors who developed the more familiar racist ideas. He considers the literature from classical Greece to late antiquity in a quest for the various forms of the discriminatory stereotypes and social hatred that have played such an important role in recent history and continue to do so in modern society. Magisterial in scope and scholarship, and engagingly written, The Invention of Racism in Classical Antiquity further suggests that an understanding of ancient attitudes toward other peoples sheds light not only on Greco-Roman imperialism and the ideology of enslavement (and the concomitant integration or non-integration) of foreigners in those societies, but also on the disintegration of the Roman Empire and on more recent imperialism as well. The first part considers general themes in the history of discrimination; the second provides a detailed analysis of proto-racism and prejudices toward particular groups of foreigners in the Greco-Roman world. The last chapter concerns Jews in the ancient world, thus placing anti-Semitism in a broader context.


A History of Science in Society

A History of Science in Society
Author: Andrew Ede
Publisher: University of Toronto Press
Total Pages: 193
Release: 2012-01-01
Genre: History
ISBN: 1442604492

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A History of Science in Society is a concise overview that introduces complex ideas in a non-technical fashion. Volume I begins with a small group of philosophers in ancient Greece and ends with the work of Sir Isaac Newton.


The Cambridge History of Science: Volume 1, Ancient Science

The Cambridge History of Science: Volume 1, Ancient Science
Author: Alexander Jones
Publisher: Cambridge University Press
Total Pages:
Release: 2018-12-13
Genre: Technology & Engineering
ISBN: 1108682626

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This volume in the highly respected Cambridge History of Science series is devoted to the history of science, medicine and mathematics of the Old World in antiquity. Organized by topic and culture, its essays by distinguished scholars offer the most comprehensive and up-to-date history of ancient science currently available. Together, they reveal the diversity of goals, contexts, and accomplishments in the study of nature in Mesopotamia, Egypt, Greece, Rome, China, and India. Intended to provide a balanced and inclusive treatment of the ancient world, contributors consider scientific, medical and mathematical learning in the cultures associated with the ancient world.


A Short History of Science to the Nineteenth Century

A Short History of Science to the Nineteenth Century
Author: Charles Singer
Publisher: Read Books Ltd
Total Pages: 436
Release: 2013-04-16
Genre: Science
ISBN: 1447486021

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This early work on scientific history is both expensive and hard to find in its first edition. It contains details of the developments and pivotal moments in science from the ancient Greeks to the nineteenth century. This is a fascinating work and is thoroughly recommended for anyone with an interest in the history of science. Many of the earliest books, particularly those dating back to the 1900s and before, are now extremely scarce. We are republishing these classic works in affordable, high quality, modern editions, using the original text and artwork.


The Exact Sciences in Antiquity

The Exact Sciences in Antiquity
Author: Otto Neugebauer
Publisher: Courier Corporation
Total Pages: 292
Release: 1969-01-01
Genre: Science
ISBN: 9780486223322

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Based on a series of lectures delivered at Cornell University in the fall of 1949, and since revised, this is the standard non-technical coverage of Egyptian and Babylonian mathematics and astronomy, and their transmission to the Hellenistic world. Entirely modern in its data and conclusions, it reveals the surprising sophistication of certain areas of early science, particularly Babylonian mathematics. After a discussion of the number systems used in the ancient Near East (contrasting the Egyptian method of additive computations with unit fractions and Babylonian place values), Dr. Neugebauer covers Babylonian tables for numerical computation, approximations of the square root of 2 (with implications that the Pythagorean Theorem was known more than a thousand years before Pythagoras), Pythagorean numbers, quadratic equations with two unknowns, special cases of logarithms and various other algebraic and geometric cases. Babylonian strength in algebraic and numerical work reveals a level of mathematical development in many aspects comparable to the mathematics of the early Renaissance in Europe. This is in contrast to the relatively primitive Egyptian mathematics. In the realm of astronomy, too, Dr. Neugebauer describes an unexpected sophistication, which is interpreted less as the result of millennia of observations (as used to be the interpretation) than as a competent mathematical apparatus. The transmission of this early science and its further development in Hellenistic times is also described. An Appendix discusses certain aspects of Greek astronomy and the indebtedness of the Copernican system to Ptolemaic and Islamic methods. Dr. Neugebauer has long enjoyed an international reputation as one of the foremost workers in the area of premodern science. Many of his discoveries have revolutionized earlier understandings. In this volume he presents a non-technical survey, with much material unique on this level, which can be read with great profit by all interested in the history of science or history of culture. 14 plates. 52 figures.