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The Normativity of what We Care about

The Normativity of what We Care about
Author: Katrien Schaubroeck
Publisher: Leuven University Press
Total Pages: 209
Release: 2013
Genre: Philosophy
ISBN: 9058679055

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A love-based reason theory as a new perspective in the debate on practical reasons. Reasons and obligations pervade our lives. The alarm clock gives us a reason to get up in the morning, the expectations of colleagues or clients give us a reason to do our jobs well, the misery in developing countries gives us a reason to donate money, headaches give us a reason to take an aspirin. Looking for unity in variety, philosophers wonder what makes a consideration count as a reason to do something. The nature and source of practical reasons has been debated intensively over the last three decennia in analytic philosophy. This book discusses the three most influential theories in current debates, referred to as the desire-based, the value-based, and the rationality-based theories of practical reasons. The author argues that all three are defective because they overlook the role of what agents care about.


The Importance of What We Care About

The Importance of What We Care About
Author: Harry G. Frankfurt
Publisher: Cambridge University Press
Total Pages: 204
Release: 1988-05-27
Genre: Philosophy
ISBN: 9780521336116

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A collection of thirteen seminal essays on ethics, free will, and the philosophy of mind, first published in 1988.


The Nature of Normativity

The Nature of Normativity
Author: Ralph Wedgwood
Publisher: Oxford University Press
Total Pages: 307
Release: 2007-07-19
Genre: Philosophy
ISBN: 0199251312

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The semantics of normative thought and discourse -- Thinking about what ought to be -- Expressivism -- Causal theories and conceptual analyses -- Conceptual role semantics -- Context and the logic of 'ought' -- The metaphysics of normative facts -- The metaphysical issues -- The normativity of the intentional -- Irreducibility and causal efficacy -- Non-reductive naturalism -- The epistemology of normative belief -- The status of normative intuitions -- Disagreement and the a priori.


From Normativity to Responsibility

From Normativity to Responsibility
Author: Joseph Raz
Publisher: Oxford University Press
Total Pages: 290
Release: 2011-12-08
Genre: Philosophy
ISBN: 0199693811

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What are our duties or rights? How should we act? What are we responsible for? Joseph Raz examines the philosophical issues underlying these everyday questions. He explores the nature of normativity--the reasoning behind certain beliefs and emotions about how we should behave--and offers a novel account of responsibility.


The Roots of Normativity

The Roots of Normativity
Author: Joseph Raz
Publisher: Oxford University Press
Total Pages: 315
Release: 2022
Genre: Normativity (Ethics)
ISBN: 0192847007

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"This book concerns one of the most basic philosophical questions: the explanation of normativity in its many guises. It lays out succinctly the view of normativity that Raz has sought to develop over many decades and determines its contours through some of its applications. In a nutshell, it is the view that understanding normativity is understanding the roles and structures of normative reasons which, when they are reasons for actions, are based on values. The book aims also to clarify the ways in which normative reasons are made for rational beings like us. It brings the account of normativity to bear on many aspects of the lives of rational beings, most abstractly, their agency, more concretely their ability to form and maintain relationships, and live their lives as social beings with a sense of their identity"--


The Sources of Normativity

The Sources of Normativity
Author: Christine M. Korsgaard
Publisher: Cambridge University Press
Total Pages: 294
Release: 1996-06-28
Genre: Philosophy
ISBN: 1107047943

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Ethical concepts are, or purport to be, normative. They make claims on us: they command, oblige, recommend, or guide. Or at least when we invoke them, we make claims on one another; but where does their authority over us - or ours over one another - come from? Christine Korsgaard identifies four accounts of the source of normativity that have been advocated by modern moral philosophers: voluntarism, realism, reflective endorsement, and the appeal to autonomy. She traces their history, showing how each developed in response to the prior one and comparing their early versions with those on the contemporary philosophical scene. Kant's theory that normativity springs from our own autonomy emerges as a synthesis of the other three, and Korsgaard concludes with her own version of the Kantian account. Her discussion is followed by commentary from G. A. Cohen, Raymond Geuss, Thomas Nagel, and Bernard Williams, and a reply by Korsgaard.


Normativity and the Will

Normativity and the Will
Author: R. Jay Wallace
Publisher: Clarendon Press
Total Pages: 370
Release: 2006-03-16
Genre: Philosophy
ISBN: 0191536997

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Normativity and the Will collects fourteen important _ papers on moral psychology and practical reason by R. Jay _ Wallace, one of the leading philosophers currently working_ in these areas. The papers explore the interpenetration of normative and _ psychological issues in a series of debates that lie at the heart of moral philosophy. Part I, Reason, Desire, and the_ Will, discusses the nexus linking normativity to motivation, including the relations between desire and reasons, the role of normative considerations in explanations of action, and_ the normative commitments involved in willing an end (such_ as the requirement to adopt the necessary means). Part II,_ Responsibility, Identification, and Emotion, looks at _ questions about the rational capacities presupposed by _ accountable agency and the psychic factors that both inhibit and enable identification with what we do. It includes an interpretation of the Nietzschean claim that ressentiment is among the sources of modern moral consciousness. Part III,_ Morality and Other Normative Domains, addresses the _ structure of moral reasons and moral motivation, and the _ relations between moral demands and other normative domains (including especially the requirements of living a _ meaningful human life). _ _ Wallace's treatments of these topics are at once _ sophisticated and engaging. Taken together, they constitute an advertisement for a distinctive way of pursuing issues in moral psychology and the theory of practical reason. The _ book articulates and defends a unified framework for _ thinking about those issues, while offering sustained _ critical discussions of other influential approaches (by _ philosophers such as Korsgaard, McDowell, Nietzsche, Raz, Scanlon, and Williams). It should be of interest to every _ serious student of moral philosophy. _


Normativity and Agency

Normativity and Agency
Author: Tamar Schapiro
Publisher: Oxford University Press
Total Pages: 305
Release: 2022-07-14
Genre: Philosophy
ISBN: 0192581856

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Christine M. Korsgaard has had a profound influence on moral philosophy over the past forty years. Through her writing and teaching she has developed a distinctive, rigorous, and historically informed way of thinking about ethics, agency, and the normative dimension of human life more generally. The twelve original essays in this volume are written in her honor on the occasion of her retirement from teaching. They engage questions that recur in her work: Why are we obligated to do what morality demands? What features of our nature make us subject to moral obligation? What does it mean to be autonomous and responsible for what we do? What do we owe to nonhuman animals? Contributors include Stephen Darwall, Kyla Ebels-Duggan, Barbara Herman, Richard Moran, Japa Pallikkathayil, Faviola Rivera-Castro, T.M. Scanlon, Tamar Schapiro, Sharon Street, David Sussman, Sigrún Svavarsdóttir, and David Velleman. These essays shed light on Korsgaard's own views while staking out provocative new positions on the topics that feature centrally in her own work.


To the Best of Our Knowledge

To the Best of Our Knowledge
Author: Sanford Goldberg
Publisher: Oxford University Press
Total Pages: 294
Release: 2018
Genre: Philosophy
ISBN: 0198793677

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Sandford C. Goldberg puts forward a theory of epistemic normativity that is grounded in the things we properly expect of one another as epistemic subjects. This theory has far-reaching implications not only for the theory of epistemic normativity, but also for the nature of epistemic assessment itself.


Nietzsche, Naturalism, and Normativity

Nietzsche, Naturalism, and Normativity
Author: Christopher Janaway
Publisher: Oxford University Press
Total Pages: 273
Release: 2012-09-27
Genre: Philosophy
ISBN: 0199583676

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This volume comprises ten original essays on Nietzsche, one of the western canon's most controversial ethical thinkers. An international team of experts clarify Nietzsche's own views, both critical and positive, ethical and meta-ethical, and connect his philosophical concerns to contemporary debates in and about ethics, normativity, and value.