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| Author | : Fred Sommers |
| Publisher | : Oxford University Press |
| Total Pages | : 469 |
| Release | : 1984 |
| Genre | : Grammar, Comparative and general |
| ISBN | : 9780198247401 |
| Author | : Andrea Iacona |
| Publisher | : Springer |
| Total Pages | : 139 |
| Release | : 2018-01-28 |
| Genre | : Philosophy |
| ISBN | : 3319741543 |
Logical form has always been a prime concern for philosophers belonging to the analytic tradition. For at least one century, the study of logical form has been widely adopted as a method of investigation, relying on its capacity to reveal the structure of thoughts or the constitution of facts. This book focuses on the very idea of logical form, which is directly relevant to any principled reflection on that method. Its central thesis is that there is no such thing as a correct answer to the question of what is logical form: two significantly different notions of logical form are needed to fulfill two major theoretical roles that pertain respectively to logic and to semantics. This thesis has a negative and a positive side. The negative side is that a deeply rooted presumption about logical form turns out to be overly optimistic: there is no unique notion of logical form that can play both roles. The positive side is that the distinction between two notions of logical form, once properly spelled out, sheds light on some fundamental issues concerning the relation between logic and language.
| Author | : Norbert Hornstein |
| Publisher | : MIT Press |
| Total Pages | : 196 |
| Release | : 1984 |
| Genre | : Language Arts & Disciplines |
| ISBN | : 9780262081375 |
How is the meaning of natural language interpreted? Taking as its point of departure the logical problem of natural language acquisition, this book elaborates a theory of meaning based on syntactical rather than semantical processes. Copyright © Libri GmbH. All rights reserved.
| Author | : Brendan S. Gillon |
| Publisher | : MIT Press |
| Total Pages | : 731 |
| Release | : 2019-03-12 |
| Genre | : Language Arts & Disciplines |
| ISBN | : 0262039206 |
An introduction to natural language semantics that offers an overview of the empirical domain and an explanation of the mathematical concepts that underpin the discipline. This textbook offers a comprehensive introduction to the fundamentals of those approaches to natural language semantics that use the insights of logic. Many other texts on the subject focus on presenting a particular theory of natural language semantics. This text instead offers an overview of the empirical domain (drawn largely from standard descriptive grammars of English) as well as the mathematical tools that are applied to it. Readers are shown where the concepts of logic apply, where they fail to apply, and where they might apply, if suitably adjusted. The presentation of logic is completely self-contained, with concepts of logic used in the book presented in all the necessary detail. This includes propositional logic, first order predicate logic, generalized quantifier theory, and the Lambek and Lambda calculi. The chapters on logic are paired with chapters on English grammar. For example, the chapter on propositional logic is paired with a chapter on the grammar of coordination and subordination of English clauses; the chapter on predicate logic is paired with a chapter on the grammar of simple, independent English clauses; and so on. The book includes more than five hundred exercises, not only for the mathematical concepts introduced, but also for their application to the analysis of natural language. The latter exercises include some aimed at helping the reader to understand how to formulate and test hypotheses.
| Author | : Douglas Cannon |
| Publisher | : Broadview Press |
| Total Pages | : 306 |
| Release | : 2002-11-13 |
| Genre | : Philosophy |
| ISBN | : 9781551114453 |
This text offers an innovative approach to the teaching of logic, which is rigorous but entirely non-symbolic. By introducing students to deductive inferences in natural language, the book breaks new ground pedagogically. Cannon focuses on such topics as using a tableaux technique to assess inconsistency; using generative grammar; employing logical analyses of sentences; and dealing with quantifier expressions and syllogisms. An appendix covers truth-functional logic.
| Author | : Hanoch Ben-Yami |
| Publisher | : Routledge |
| Total Pages | : 160 |
| Release | : 2019-09-16 |
| Genre | : Philosophy |
| ISBN | : 1351921525 |
Frege's invention of the predicate calculus has been the most influential event in the history of modern logic. The calculus’ place in logic is so central that many philosophers think, in fact, of it when they think of logic. This book challenges the position in contemporary logic and philosophy of language of the predicate calculus claiming that it is based on mistaken assumptions. Ben-Yami shows that the predicate calculus is different from natural language in its fundamental semantic characteristics, primarily in its treatment of reference and quantification, and that as a result the calculus is inadequate for the analysis of the semantics and logic of natural language. Ben-Yami develops both an alternative analysis of the semantics of natural language and an alternative deductive system comparable in its deductive power to first order predicate calculus but more adequate than it for the representation of the logic of natural language. Ben-Yami's book is a revolutionary challenge to classical first order predicate calculus, casting doubt on many of the central claims of modern logic.
| Author | : L. T. F. Gamut |
| Publisher | : University of Chicago Press |
| Total Pages | : 376 |
| Release | : 1991 |
| Genre | : Language Arts & Disciplines |
| ISBN | : 9780226280844 |
Although the two volumes of Logic, Language, and Meaning can be used independently of one another, together they provide a comprehensive overview of modern logic as it is used as a tool in the analysis of natural language. Both volumes provide exercises and their solutions. Volume 1, Introduction to Logic, begins with a historical overview and then offers a thorough introduction to standard propositional and first-order predicate logic. It provides both a syntactic and a semantic approach to inference and validity, and discusses their relationship. Although language and meaning receive special attention, this introduction is also accessible to those with a more general interest in logic. In addition, the volume contains a survey of such topics as definite descriptions, restricted quantification, second-order logic, and many-valued logic. The pragmatic approach to non-truthconditional and conventional implicatures are also discussed. Finally, the relation between logic and formal syntax is treated, and the notions of rewrite rule, automation, grammatical complexity, and language hierarchy are explained.
| Author | : Laurent Cesalli |
| Publisher | : Brepols |
| Total Pages | : 0 |
| Release | : 2016 |
| Genre | : Logic, Medieval |
| ISBN | : 9782503567358 |
Is medieval logic formal? And if yes, in what sense? There are striking affinities between medieval and contemporary theories of language. Authors from the two periods share formal ambitions and maintain complex, and at time uneasy, relations with natural language. However, modern scholars became careful not to overlook the specificities of theories developed more than five hundred years apart, in particular with respect to their 'formal' character. In 1972, Alfonso Maieru noted that the efforts of medieval logicians to identify logical structures in language formal enough to become objects of scientific consideration. He also stressed that the language investigated is a historical one, Latin, so that one can legitimately wonder to which extent ... one is allowed to speak of 'formal logic' in the middle ages. In other words, medieval logic is characterized by a tension between 'formalist ambitions' and constraints proper to natural language. Today, our knowledge of the field has considerably expanded, calling for a new assessment of the question.
| Author | : Juliette Kennedy |
| Publisher | : Cambridge University Press |
| Total Pages | : 201 |
| Release | : 2020-12-17 |
| Genre | : Mathematics |
| ISBN | : 1107012570 |
Introduces an original approach to foundations of mathematics, departing from Gödel and Tarski and spanning many different areas of logic.
| Author | : Patrick Blackburn |
| Publisher | : Center for the Study of Language and Information Publica Tion |
| Total Pages | : 0 |
| Release | : 2005 |
| Genre | : Computational linguistics |
| ISBN | : 9781575864969 |
How can computers distinguish the coherent from the unintelligible, recognize new information in a sentence, or draw inferences from a natural language passage? Computational semantics is an exciting new field that seeks answers to these questions, and this volume is the first textbook wholly devoted to this growing subdiscipline. The book explains the underlying theoretical issues and fundamental techniques for computing semantic representations for fragments of natural language. This volume will be an essential text for computer scientists, linguists, and anyone interested in the development of computational semantics.
