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The Law and Economics of Organ Procurement

The Law and Economics of Organ Procurement
Author: Firat Bilgel
Publisher:
Total Pages: 0
Release: 2011
Genre: Allocation of organs, tissues, etc
ISBN: 9781780680224

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The Law and Economics of Organ Procurement explores the legal and economic dimensions of various deceased and living organ procurement policies and investigates the effectiveness of current legislations related to deceased and living organ donations in the United States, Europe and other developed countries.


The Global Organ Shortage

The Global Organ Shortage
Author: T. Randolph Beard
Publisher: Stanford University Press
Total Pages: 261
Release: 2013-01-09
Genre: Political Science
ISBN: 0804784647

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Although organ transplants provide the best, and often the only, effective therapy for many otherwise fatal conditions, the great benefits of transplantation go largely unrealized because of failures in the organ acquisition process. In the United States, for instance, more than 10,000 people die every year either awaiting transplantation, or as a result of deteriorating health exacerbated by the shortage of organs. Issues pertaining to organ donation and transplantation represent, perhaps, the most complex and morally controversial medical dilemmas aside from abortion and euthanasia. However, these quandaries are not unsolvable. This book proposes compensating organ donors within a publicly controlled monopsony. This proposal is quite similar to current practice in Spain, where compensation for cadaveric donation now occurs "in secret," as this text reveals. To build their recommendations, the authors provide a medical history of transplantation, a history of the development of national laws and waiting lists, a careful examination of the social costs and benefits of transplantation, a discussion of the causes of organ shortages, an evaluation of "partial" reforms tried or proposed, an extensive ethical evaluation of the current system and its competitors.


The U.S. Organ Procurement System

The U.S. Organ Procurement System
Author: David L. Kaserman
Publisher: American Enterprise Institute
Total Pages: 204
Release: 2002
Genre: Law
ISBN: 9780844741710

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The proposed system would also save thousands of lives at relatively low costs to both the transplant recipients and insurance companies."--BOOK JACKET.


The Political Economy of Organ Transplantation

The Political Economy of Organ Transplantation
Author: Hagai Boas
Publisher: Taylor & Francis
Total Pages: 227
Release: 2022-09-09
Genre: Social Science
ISBN: 1000643778

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“This thought-provoking work examines how the relationships of organs, tissues, and cells transferred from one body to another through donation, sale, or gift are mediated by the state, market, and family. The book is a thorough review of the sociological, anthropological, and ethical literature surrounding transplant organs but encased within the author’s own personal dilemmas and lived experience. His work skillfully underscores the negotiations and accommodations inherent in the use of these technologies and reveals the situatedness of decisions that belie any simplistic readings of the ethics of transplantations... This is a stimulating and accessible book for those with an interest in transplantation, ethics, or the social implications of medical technologies. Its strength lies in the reflexive accounts from the author of his own experience juxtaposed with the sensitive appraisals of the workings of the state, market, and family in the organ economy.” Andrea Whittaker, Monash University, reviewed for Social Forces This innovative work combines a rigorous academic analysis of the political economy of organ supply for transplantation with autobiographical narratives that illuminate the complex experience of being an organ recipient. Organs for transplantations come from two sources: living or post-mortem organ donations. These sources set different routes of movement from one body to another. Postmortem organ donations are mainly sourced and allocated by state agencies, while living organ donations are the result of informal relations between donor and recipient. Each route traverses different social institutions, determines discrete interaction between donor and recipient, and is charged with moral meanings that can be competing and contrasting. The political economy of organs for transplants is the gamut of these routes and their interconnections, and this book suggests how such a political economy looks like: what are its features and contours, its negotiation of the roles of the state, market and the family in procuring organs for transplantations, and its ultimate moral justifications. Drawing on Boas’ personal experiences of waiting, searching and obtaining organs, each autobiographical section of the book sheds light on a different aspect of the discussed political economy of organs – post-mortem donations, parental donation, and organ market – and illustrates the experience of living with the fear of rejection and the intimidation of chronic shortage. A Political Economy of Organ Transplantation is of interest to students and academics with an interest in bioethics, sociology of health and illness, medical anthropology, and science and technology studies.


Legal and Ethical Aspects of Organ Transplantation

Legal and Ethical Aspects of Organ Transplantation
Author: David Price
Publisher: Cambridge University Press
Total Pages: 508
Release: 2000-11-30
Genre: Law
ISBN: 9780521651646

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A comprehensive analysis of existing laws and policies governing organ transplantation practices around the world.


Black Markets

Black Markets
Author: Michele Goodwin
Publisher: Cambridge University Press
Total Pages: 213
Release: 2006-03-27
Genre: Law
ISBN: 0521852803

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In America, in direct response to indefinite delays on the national transplantation waitlists and an inadequate supply of organs, a growing number of terminally ill Americans are turning to international underground markets and coordinators or brokers for organs. Chinese inmates on death-row and the economically disadvantaged in India and Brazil are the often compromised co-participants in the private negotiation process, which occurs outside the legal process - or in the shadows of law. These individuals supply kidneys and other organs for Americans and other Westerners willing to shop and pay in the private process. This book contends that exclusive reliance on the present altruistic tissue and organ procurement processes in the United States is not only rife with problems, but also improvident. The author explores how the altruistic approach leads to a 'black market' of organs being harvested from Third World individuals as well as compelled donations from children and incompetent persons.


Organ Donation

Organ Donation
Author: Institute of Medicine
Publisher: National Academies Press
Total Pages: 358
Release: 2006-08-24
Genre: Medical
ISBN: 0309164648

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Rates of organ donation lag far behind the increasing need. At the start of 2006, more than 90,000 people were waiting to receive a solid organ (kidney, liver, lung, pancreas, heart, or intestine). Organ Donation examines a wide range of proposals to increase organ donation, including policies that presume consent for donation as well as the use of financial incentives such as direct payments, coverage of funeral expenses, and charitable contributions. This book urges federal agencies, nonprofit groups, and others to boost opportunities for people to record their decisions to donate, strengthen efforts to educate the public about the benefits of organ donation, and continue to improve donation systems. Organ Donation also supports initiatives to increase donations from people whose deaths are the result of irreversible cardiac failure. This book emphasizes that all members of society have a stake in an adequate supply of organs for patients in need, because each individual is a potential recipient as well as a potential donor.


Organ Shortage

Organ Shortage
Author: Anne-Maree Farrell
Publisher: Cambridge University Press
Total Pages: 329
Release: 2011-03-10
Genre: Law
ISBN: 1139500104

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Organ shortage is an ongoing problem in many countries. The needless death and suffering which have resulted necessitate an investigation into potential solutions. This examination of contemporary ethical means, both practical and policy-oriented, of reducing the shortfall in organs draws on the experiences of a range of countries. The authors focus on the resolution and negotiation of ethical conflict, examine systems approaches such as the 'Spanish model' and the US Breakthrough Collaboratives, evaluate policy proposals relating to incentives, presumed consent, and modifications regarding end-of-life care, and evaluate the greatly increased use of (non-heart-beating) donors suffering circulatory death, as well as living donors. The proposed strategies and solutions are not only capable of resolving the UK's own organ-shortage crisis, but also of being implemented in other countries grappling with how to address the growing gap between supply and demand for organs.


Distributive Justice and the New Medicine

Distributive Justice and the New Medicine
Author: George Patrick Smith
Publisher: Edward Elgar Publishing
Total Pages: 201
Release: 2010-01-01
Genre: Medical
ISBN: 1848441487

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Smith has packed an incredible amount of information into this relatively short and clearly written book. His erudition is unquestionable, and his knowledge of current trends in medical technology and the ethical issues surrounding them is obvious on every page. P. Jenkins, Choice George P. Smith is one of the world s leading experts on the legal and ethical issues raised by modern medicine. His book is a wide-ranging and deeply informed and considered analysis of those issues, with particular emphasis on the inequality with which the benefits of modern medicine are bestowed on the sick. Knowledgeable as well about the technical aspects of the biomedical revolution, Smith writes with insight and authority, and offers a perspective that will influence the policy debates. Richard A. Posner, United States Court of Appeals for the Seventh Circuit and University of Chicago Law School, US While much has been written about the various issues addressed in this book genetics, cloning, informed consent, organ donation Smith s book moves beyond traditional legal analysis, tying these issues together by examining them through the lens of distributive justice. He thus provides the reader with a unique and valuable perspective on this important area. Distributive Justice and the New Medicine will be of interest to all those interested in health law and bioethics and in particular for those interested in distributive justice. Belinda Bennett, Journal of Law, Social Justice and Global Development Professor George P. Smith s Distributive Justice and the New Medicine is a major new work by one of the world s leading medical lawyers. This book brings important new insights into the complex area of rationing health care resources and should be read by anyone interested in seeking to create a just society. Jonathan Herring, Exeter College, University of Oxford, UK Is the advancement of scientific knowledge and the development of biomedical technologies known as the New Medicine desirable? George P. Smith asks this fundamental question while also confronting the distribution of these scarce medical resources. Law, economics, medical science, philosophy and ethics all coalesce in this discussion of how to structure normative standards of conduct that will improve the quality of human life. The author begins by examining various economic constructs as aids for achieving a fair and equitable delivery of health care services. He then assesses their level of practical application and evaluates the costs and benefits to society of pursuing the development and use of the New Medicine . The book ends with a case study of organ and tissue transplantation that illustrates the implementation of distributive justice. The author concludes that as long as clinical medicine maintains its focus on healing and alleviating suffering among patients, a point of equilibrium will be reached that advances the common good. This timely and compelling exploration will be a must-read for scholars, researchers, policymakers and all those interested in advances in medical technology and the issues surrounding access to health care.


Procurement and Transfer of Human Tissues and Organs

Procurement and Transfer of Human Tissues and Organs
Author: Law Reform Commission of Canada
Publisher:
Total Pages: 524
Release: 1992
Genre: Law
ISBN:

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This paper examines the legal and medical aspects of procuring and transferring natural human tissues and bodily substances relative to emerging tissue replacement technologies. It discusses the medical need for and the supply of human tissue and bodily substances and the emerging legal and ethical dilemmas provoked by demand and supply disequilibria; analyses the underlying ethical considerations of tissue procurement; examines existing law on the human body through the common, civil, and criminal law; examines the leading legal approaches to tissue transfer issues in foreign jurisdictions as well as legal issues presented by the international transfer of human therapeutic tissue and tissue replacement technology; and outlines arguments for and against major law reform options, proposing general principles and summarizing the recommendations.