The Economic And Fiscal Burdens Of Disasters In The Pacific PDF Download
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| Author | : Ilan Noy |
| Publisher | : |
| Total Pages | : 51 |
| Release | : 2017 |
| Genre | : |
| ISBN | : |
Download The Economic and Fiscal Burdens of Disasters in the Pacific Book in PDF, ePub and Kindle
The Pacific Islands face the highest disaster risk, in per capita terms, globally. Examples of catastrophic events in the region include the 2009 tsunami in Samoa, the 2014 floods in the Solomon Islands, and the 2015 cyclone Pam in Vanuatu. Even without these catastrophic events, countries in the Pacific are affected by frequent natural hazards of smaller magnitude. We first evaluate the three main sources quantifying risk in the region: EMDAT, Desinventar, and PCRAFI. We describe these sources and conclude they all underestimate the risk, especially for atoll nations, and because of four important trends with respect to changes in natural hazards as a consequence of climate change. These are: (1) increasing frequency of extremely hot days; (2) changing frequency and intensity of extreme rainfall events causing flash flooding or droughts; (3) increasing intensities and changing trajectories of cyclones; and (4) sea-level rise and other oceanic ecological changes. Financial protection is the one policy area where the Pacific is the most exposed -- given the very large role of the public sector in the region. It is also the area where there is probably the most room for easy-to-implement improvement. We end by analysing the applicability of various financial instruments to facilitate both ex-ante and ex-post disaster risk management in the region.
| Author | : Dongyeol Lee |
| Publisher | : International Monetary Fund |
| Total Pages | : 37 |
| Release | : 2018-05-10 |
| Genre | : Nature |
| ISBN | : 1484353285 |
Download The Economic Impact of Natural Disasters in Pacific Island Countries: Adaptation and Preparedness Book in PDF, ePub and Kindle
Pacific island countries are highly vulnerable to various natural disasters which are destructive, unpredictable and occur frequently. The frequency and scale of these shocks heightens the importance of medium-term economic and fiscal planning to minimize the adverse impact of disasters on economic development. This paper identifies the intensity of natural disasters for each country in the Pacific based on the distribution of damage and population affected by disasters, and estimates the impact of disasters on economic growth and international trade using a panel regression. The results show that “severe” disasters have a significant and negative impact on economic growth and lead to a deterioration of the fiscal and trade balance. We also find that the negative impact on growth is stronger for more intense disasters. Going further this paper proposes a simple and consistent method to adjust IMF staff’s economic projections and debt sustainability analysis for disaster shocks for the Pacific islands. Better incorporating the economic impact of natural disasters in the medium- and long-term economic planning would help policy makers improve fiscal policy decisions and to be better adapted and prepared for natural disasters.
| Author | : Asian Development Bank |
| Publisher | : |
| Total Pages | : 28 |
| Release | : 2018-04 |
| Genre | : Business & Economics |
| ISBN | : 9789292611187 |
Download Economic and Fiscal Impacts of Disasters in the Pacific Book in PDF, ePub and Kindle
Pacific island countries need to build their fiscal and economic resilience to climate change and natural disasters as these have lasting consequences on their livelihoods, economies, and fiscal balances. Climate change and natural disasters can have lasting consequences on livelihoods, economies, and fiscal balances-spanning immediate reconstruction costs and fiscal shocks to long-term halts in tourism and agriculture economies. Globally, the most exposed to these impacts are the Pacific island countries. The Asian Development Bank is working closely with its Pacific developing member countries to prepare for and respond to the effects of climate change and natural hazards. This publication examines the often-overlooked dimension of resilience planning-how to brace economies for shocks caused by climate change and hazard events. It analyzes the exposure and vulnerability of Pacific economies to disaster events and outlines key resources for building fiscal and economic resilience.
| Author | : Hidetaka Nishizawa |
| Publisher | : International Monetary Fund |
| Total Pages | : 31 |
| Release | : 2019-07-12 |
| Genre | : Nature |
| ISBN | : 1498320805 |
Download Fiscal Buffers for Natural Disasters in Pacific Island Countries Book in PDF, ePub and Kindle
Pacific island countries (PICs) are vulnerable severe natural disasters, especially cyclones, inflicting large losses on their economies. In the aftermath of disasters, PIC governments face revenue losses and spending pressures to address post-disaster relief and recovery efforts. This paper estimates the effects of severe natural disasters on fiscal revenues and expenditure in PICs. These are combined with information on the frequency of large disasters to calculate the rate of budgetary savings needed to build appropriate fiscal buffers. Fiscal buffers provide self-insurance against natural disaster shocks and facilitate quick disbursement for recovery and relief efforts, and protection of spending on essential services and infrastructure. The estimates can provide a benchmark for policymakers, and should be adjusted to take into account other sources of financing, as well as budget risks from less severe as well as more frequent disasters.
| Author | : Charlotte Benson |
| Publisher | : World Bank Publications |
| Total Pages | : 136 |
| Release | : 2004 |
| Genre | : |
| ISBN | : 9780821356852 |
Download Understanding the economic and financial impacts of natural disasters Book in PDF, ePub and Kindle
| Author | : Andreas Neef |
| Publisher | : Emerald Group Publishing |
| Total Pages | : 274 |
| Release | : 2020-11-09 |
| Genre | : Social Science |
| ISBN | : 1839099887 |
Download Climate-Induced Disasters in the Asia-Pacific Region Book in PDF, ePub and Kindle
In this volume, contributors look at response, recovery and adaptation to climate-induced disasters, in Asia-Pacific - the world's most disaster-prone region. Chapters examine case studies from Cambodia, Fiji, Solomon Islands and Samoa.
| Author | : International Monetary Fund. Fiscal Affairs Dept. |
| Publisher | : International Monetary Fund |
| Total Pages | : 70 |
| Release | : 2020-06-30 |
| Genre | : Business & Economics |
| ISBN | : 1513548794 |
Download Tonga Book in PDF, ePub and Kindle
Tonga is one of the world’s most exposed countries to climate change and natural disasters. It suffered the highest loss from natural disasters in the world (as a ratio to GDP) in 2018 and is among the top five over the last decade (Table 1). Climate change will make this worse. Cyclones will become more intense, with more damage from wind and sea surges. Rising sea levels will cause more flooding, coastal erosion and contaminate fresh water. Daily high temperatures will become more extreme, with more severe floods and drought.
| Author | : Asian Development Bank |
| Publisher | : Asian Development Bank |
| Total Pages | : 187 |
| Release | : 2015-07-01 |
| Genre | : Business & Economics |
| ISBN | : 9292570013 |
Download Pacific Economic Monitor July 2015 Book in PDF, ePub and Kindle
This issue of the Pacific Economic Monitor updates the 2015 and 2016 GDP growth and inflation projections for ADB's Pacific developing member countries. The policy briefs included in this issue focus on disasters in the Pacific.
| Author | : Ian Davis |
| Publisher | : Routledge |
| Total Pages | : 339 |
| Release | : 2014-09-04 |
| Genre | : Business & Economics |
| ISBN | : 1317644867 |
Download Disaster Risk Management in Asia and the Pacific Book in PDF, ePub and Kindle
This book uses two international frameworks—the Millennium Development Goals and the Hyogo Framework for Action, a program focused on disaster risk management—to study the key trends in the region in terms of disaster incidence, sources of vulnerability and social and economic challenges. As both frameworks draw to a close, international debate is taking place during the period 2012–2015 on their current progress. This book seeks to help readers understand the process better. The chapters are written by eight independent internationally based authors. Collectively, they have extensive regional experience in the areas of disaster risk management and climate change as well as working in academia, research, consultancy, the UN and international agencies, government and the NGO sector. The analysis presented benefits from their varied backgrounds in medicine, architecture, economics, engineering, planning, social studies, development studies and political science. Throughout the book, relevant examples, drawn from the region, are included to ‘earth’ the project in the harsh realities of risk and disaster impact.
| Author | : Miria A. Pigato |
| Publisher | : World Bank Publications |
| Total Pages | : 240 |
| Release | : 2018-12-31 |
| Genre | : Business & Economics |
| ISBN | : 9781464813580 |
Download Fiscal Policies for Development and Climate Action Book in PDF, ePub and Kindle
This report provides actionable advice on how to design and implement fiscal policies for both development and climate action. Building on more than two decades of research in development and environmental economics, it argues that well-designed environmental tax reforms are especially valuable in developing countries, where they can reduce emissions, increase domestic revenues, and generate positive welfare effects such as cleaner water, safer roads, and improvements in human health. Moreover, these reforms need not harm competitiveness. New empirical evidence from Indonesia and Mexico suggests that under certain conditions, raising fuel prices can actually increase firm productivity. Finally, the report discusses the role of fiscal policy in strengthening resilience to climate change. It provides evidence that preventive public investments and measures to build fiscal buffers can help safeguard stability and growth in the face of rising climate risks. In this way, environmental tax reforms and climate risk-management strategies can lay the much-needed fiscal foundation for development and climate action.
