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The Dynamics of Income, Schooling, and Fertility Distributions Over the Course of Economic Development

The Dynamics of Income, Schooling, and Fertility Distributions Over the Course of Economic Development
Author: Isaac Ehrlich
Publisher:
Total Pages: 38
Release: 2004
Genre: Educational attainment
ISBN:

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"We develop a dynamic model of fertility and income distribution in which both are linked to the formation and distribution of human capital among families. Our model offers a dynamic version of Becker's (1967) model of income distribution within an endogenous growth framework. We view the population as consisting of heterogeneous families, which are subject to intra-family and inter-family interactions. Families determine fertility, human capital formation in children, and savings. We thus link income and fertility distributions over an entire development path, extending from a low-income, stagnant state to a self-sustaining growth regime. In this context, we also reexamine the "Kuznets hypothesis" concerning the relation between income inequality and income growth over a transitional development period. The paper offers new insights and supporting empirical evidence concerning the time-paths of distributional measures of fertility, educational attainments, and three income-related measures: family-income inequality, income-group inequality, and the Gini coefficient"--Prelim.


Population Growth, Income Distribution, and Economic Development

Population Growth, Income Distribution, and Economic Development
Author: Nico Heerink
Publisher: Springer Science & Business Media
Total Pages: 404
Release: 2012-12-06
Genre: Political Science
ISBN: 3642785719

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In this book, a model of long-term interrelationships between income distribution, population growth and economic development is developed and estimated from data for 54 countries. The results indicate that a reduction of income inequality leads to lower fertility and mortality, to improvedbasic needs satisfaction, and to lower labour force participation of young and old males and of females in Asia and Africa. The effect of income distribution on saving and consumption is found to be negligible. These outcomes suggest that family planning and health policies in LDCs will show better results when they are supplemented with policies aimed at makingthe poor benefit from economic growth. As regards development policy, the results indicate that a reduction of income inequality does not impair the formation of physical capital, but enhances the formation of human capital and lowers the growth rate of the labour force.


Population Growth and Economic Development

Population Growth and Economic Development
Author: Ansley Johnson Coale
Publisher: Princeton University Press
Total Pages: 412
Release: 2015-12-08
Genre: Social Science
ISBN: 1400878594

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The main contribution of this book lies in its focus on real alternatives in future population growth. At some time-taken as 1956 in India for this case study-a low-income country may have the option of effectively promoting the reduction of fertility, or (by inaction) of permitting fertility to remain at high levels. This book clearly shows the nature and extent of the economic gains resulting from fertility reduction. Since most low-income areas are destined for rapid population growth even with substantial fertility declines, the emphasis is placed between moderately rapid and very rapid growth. The extensive quantitative population projections show the importance of the growth rate itself and of changes in age distribution in addition to population size. The results for India have direct implications for all low-income, primarily agrarian areas entering a program of economic development. Originally published in 1958. The Princeton Legacy Library uses the latest print-on-demand technology to again make available previously out-of-print books from the distinguished backlist of Princeton University Press. These editions preserve the original texts of these important books while presenting them in durable paperback and hardcover editions. The goal of the Princeton Legacy Library is to vastly increase access to the rich scholarly heritage found in the thousands of books published by Princeton University Press since its founding in 1905.


Fertility and Scarcity in America

Fertility and Scarcity in America
Author: Peter H. Lindert
Publisher: Princeton Legacy Library
Total Pages: 408
Release: 2016-04-03
Genre: Self-Help
ISBN: 9780691640891

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Scholars have charged population growth with lowering aggregate income per capita, depleting natural resources, reducing the quality of the environment, and causing more unequal distribution of income. Maintaining that the order of these concerns should be reversed, Peter H. Lindert emphasizes the tendency of higher fertility and population growth to heighten economic inequalities. His analysis also improves our knowledge of the ways in which economic developments affect fertility. The author develops an integrated model of fertility behavior featuring an original way of defining and measuring the relative cost of an extra child. U.S. fertility patterns in the twentieth century, he shows, are partially explained by the interplay of a model of intergenerational taste formation and fluctuation in relative child costs. His reinterpretation of patterns in the inequality of schooling and income in America highlights the role of fertility and other demographic forces. From the author's analysis it appears that concern over rapid population growth is more justified on income-distribution grounds than on grounds of effects on average per capita income. In showing that this is so, Professor Lindert describes how families' use of time has changed since the late nineteenth century. Originally published in 1978. The Princeton Legacy Library uses the latest print-on-demand technology to again make available previously out-of-print books from the distinguished backlist of Princeton University Press. These editions preserve the original texts of these important books while presenting them in durable paperback and hardcover editions. The goal of the Princeton Legacy Library is to vastly increase access to the rich scholarly heritage found in the thousands of books published by Princeton University Press since its founding in 1905.


Economic Equality and Fertility in Developing Countries

Economic Equality and Fertility in Developing Countries
Author: Robert Repetto
Publisher: Routledge
Total Pages: 209
Release: 2013-10-18
Genre: Business & Economics
ISBN: 1135992460

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This book briefly reviews sociological, economic, and demographic literature pertaining to the relationship between income and fertility in developed and developing countries. He presents a conceptual framework to examine how fertility responds to changes in the distribution of household income. The analysis of data from Puerto Rico, Korea, and rural India is carefully executed, and conclusive policy implications are discussed. Originally published in 1979


Demography and the Economy

Demography and the Economy
Author: John B. Shoven
Publisher: University of Chicago Press
Total Pages: 444
Release: 2011-01-15
Genre: Business & Economics
ISBN: 0226754758

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Demographics is a vital field of study for understanding social and economic change and it has attracted attention in recent years as concerns have grown over the aging populations of developed nations. Demographic studies help make sense of key aspects of the economy, offering insight into trends in fertility, mortality, immigration, and labor force participation, as well as age, gender, and race specific trends in health and disability. Demography and the Economy explores the connections between demography and economics, paying special attention to what demographic trends can reveal about the sustainability of traditional social security programs and the larger implications for economic growth. The volume brings together some of the leading scholars working at the border between the two disciplines, and it provides an eclectic overview of both fields. Contributors also offer deeper analysis of a variety of issues such as the impact of greater wealth on choices about marriage and childbearing and the effects of aging populations on housing prices, Social Security, and Medicare.


Links Between Growth, Inequality, and Poverty: A Survey

Links Between Growth, Inequality, and Poverty: A Survey
Author: Ms. Valerie Cerra
Publisher: International Monetary Fund
Total Pages: 54
Release: 2021-03-12
Genre: Business & Economics
ISBN: 1513572660

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Is there a tradeoff between raising growth and reducing inequality and poverty? This paper reviews the theoretical and empirical literature on the complex links between growth, inequality, and poverty, with causation going in both directions. The evidence suggests that growth can be effective in reducing poverty, but its impact on inequality is ambiguous and depends on the underlying sources of growth. The impact of poverty and inequality on growth is likewise ambiguous, as several channels mediate the relationship. But most plausible mechanisms suggest that poverty and inequality reduce growth, at least in the long run. Policies play a role in shaping these relationships and those designed to improve equality of opportunity can simultaneously improve inclusiveness and growth.