The Demography Of Native And Non Native Plant Species In Mountain Systems PDF Download

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The Demography of Native and Non-native Plant Species in Mountain Systems

The Demography of Native and Non-native Plant Species in Mountain Systems
Author: Fredric Winslow Pollnac
Publisher:
Total Pages: 15
Release: 2014
Genre: Climatic changes
ISBN:

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In mountainous areas, native and non-native plants will be exposed to climate change and increased disturbance in the future. Non-native plants may be more successful than natives in disturbed areas and thus be able to respond quicker to shifting climatic zones. In 2009, monitoring plots were established for populations of a non-native species (Linaria dalmatica) and a closely related native species (Castilleja miniata) on an elevation gradient in the Greater Yellowstone Ecosystem, USA. Population data were collected twice during the growing season for 3 years and used to calculate population vital rates for both species, and to construct population dynamics models for L. dalmatica. Linaria dalmatica vital rates were more associated with climatic/environmental factors than those of C. miniata. Population dynamics models for L. dalmatica showed no trend in population growth rate ([lambda]) vs. elevation. The highest [lambda] corresponded with the lowest vegetation and litter cover, and the highest bare ground cover. All populations with [lambda]


Non-native Plant Species in Mountainous Areas

Non-native Plant Species in Mountainous Areas
Author: Fredric Winslow Pollnac
Publisher:
Total Pages: 516
Release: 2012
Genre: Invasive plants
ISBN:

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Non-native plant species are increasingly being viewed as a threat to sub-alpine and alpine ecosystems, and the need to determine the causes and mechanisms of non-native plant invasions in mountain systems has been recognized. This study was initiated to provide: 1) useful information for managers in the local area and, 2) information that can be used in concert with data from similar studies to help elucidate the causes and mechanisms of non-native plant species invasions in mountain systems at the global scale. Eighteen populations a non-native species (Linaria dalmatica) and 14 populations of a closely related native species (Castilleja miniata) were surveyed along an elevation gradient in the Greater Yellowstone Ecosystem. Climate, environmental, and species demographic data were collected from each site from 2008-2011. Climate and environmental predictors varied along the elevation gradient, with stem density of the two test species being explained by different sets of predictors. Vital rates of L. dalmatica were found to be more variable and more highly associated with climate and environmental predictor variables than those of C. miniata. The population growth rate of L. dalmatica did not show any consistent trend with elevation, but did appear to be influenced by extremely cold temperatures and predictors related to the vegetative community. Probability of occurrence of L. dalmatica was related to elevation. Percent cover of L. dalmatica was not associated with elevation, instead being strongly associated with vegetative community characteristics such as percent perennial cover. The current range of L. dalmatica was broader than the majority of native species in the study area, and the non-native plant community in the study area was significantly more nested with increased elevation than the native plant community. These results suggest that L. dalmatica is a broadly adapted species. Overall, our data fail to provide conclusive evidence of climatic limits for this species, but suggest that it may be limited from upward expansion by extremely cold winter temperatures. Until conclusive evidence of climatic limitation is provided, the upper populations of this species should be monitored and managed to prevent further spread into sub-alpine/alpine environments.


Invasiveness Ranking System for Non-native Plants of Alaska

Invasiveness Ranking System for Non-native Plants of Alaska
Author: Matthew Lawrence Carlson
Publisher:
Total Pages: 224
Release: 2008
Genre: Alien plants
ISBN:

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Describes a ranking system used to evaluate the potential invasiveness and impacts of 113 non-native plants to natural areas in Alaska. Species are ranked by a series of questions in four broad categories: ecosystem impacts, biological attributes, distribution, and control measures. Also included is a climate screening procedure to evaluate the potential for establishment in three ecogeographic regions of Alaska [Juneau, Fairbanks, Nome].


Invasive Species in Forests and Rangelands of the United States

Invasive Species in Forests and Rangelands of the United States
Author: Therese M. Poland
Publisher: Springer Nature
Total Pages: 455
Release: 2021-02-01
Genre: Science
ISBN: 3030453677

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This open access book describes the serious threat of invasive species to native ecosystems. Invasive species have caused and will continue to cause enormous ecological and economic damage with ever increasing world trade. This multi-disciplinary book, written by over 100 national experts, presents the latest research on a wide range of natural science and social science fields that explore the ecology, impacts, and practical tools for management of invasive species. It covers species of all taxonomic groups from insects and pathogens, to plants, vertebrates, and aquatic organisms that impact a diversity of habitats in forests, rangelands and grasslands of the United States. It is well-illustrated, provides summaries of the most important invasive species and issues impacting all regions of the country, and includes a comprehensive primary reference list for each topic. This scientific synthesis provides the cultural, economic, scientific and social context for addressing environmental challenges posed by invasive species and will be a valuable resource for scholars, policy makers, natural resource managers and practitioners.


Biological Invasions

Biological Invasions
Author: Wolfgang Nentwig
Publisher: Springer Science & Business Media
Total Pages: 444
Release: 2007-02-13
Genre: Science
ISBN: 3540369201

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This new volume on Biological Invasions deals with both plants and animals, differing from previous books by extending from the level of individual species to an ecosystem and global level. Topics of highest societal relevance, such as the impact of genetically modified organisms, are interlinked with more conventional ecological aspects, including biodiversity. The combination of these approaches is new and makes compelling reading for researchers and environmentalists.


Global Plant Invasions

Global Plant Invasions
Author: David R. Clements
Publisher: Springer Nature
Total Pages: 383
Release: 2022-04-18
Genre: Science
ISBN: 3030896846

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Invasive species have inspired concern for many reasons, including economic and environmental impacts in specific jurisdictions within particular countries. However, it is apparent that for some invasive plant species, political borders offer only weak barriers because these species have succeeded in invading many countries, emerging as threats at a global level. With this level of threat, a number of books on invasive plants and invasive species in general have been published in recent years, but none explicitly provides “global” coverage, perhaps because it is only recently that the full geographical, economic and environmental implications of widespread spread and adaptive nature of these particular invasive plants have been recognized. We plan to make this volume unique by profiling plant invasions in explicitly geographical contexts; on the world continents (Chapters 5-11), as well as islands (Chapter 12) and mountains (Chapter 13). This global approach is supported by an overview of invasion biology and recent advances (Chapter 1) and how different communities differ in invasibility (Chapter 2). Global factors influencing invasion are introduced in Chapter 3 (globalized trade) and Chapter 4 (climate change). Key species are profiled through geographic treatments, continent by continent (Chapters 5-11), and for islands (Chapter 12) and mountains (Chapter 13). The impact of invasive plants is highlighted in Chapter 14, both in biotic and economic terms, partly to counter the tendency for the young field of invasion biology to rely too much on anecdotal evidence. This chapters is also designed to bring home the message that these are serious problems that must be dealt with, as covered in the subsequent chapters. The book concludes with three chapters casting light on solutions to the many problems described in the rest of the volume. Chapter 15 features new, innovative technologies that are being developed to monitor and manage invasive plants, and Chapter 16 presents comprehensive strategies for public education and implementation of management on local and global scales. Chapter 17 describes different future scenarios depending on current trends in plant invasion and its management, just as climate change predictions employ various scenarios to project the future. The future is very much up to us, as humanity grapples with the question of how best to strategically meet the problems of global invasive plant problems that we ourselves have created that is further challenged by a changing climate. We are confident that this book will be of interest to invasion biologists, resource managers, and the legion of others who must deal with these invasive plants across the globe on a daily basis.


Plant Invasions in Protected Areas

Plant Invasions in Protected Areas
Author: Llewellyn C. Foxcroft
Publisher: Springer Science & Business Media
Total Pages: 661
Release: 2013-11-27
Genre: Science
ISBN: 9400777507

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This book is the first comprehensive global review of all aspects of alien plant invasions in protected areas. It provides insights into advances in invasion ecology emanating from work in protected areas, and the link to locally relevant management support for protected areas. The book provides in-depth case studies, illuminating interesting and insightful knowledge that can be shared across the global protected area network. The book includes the collective understanding of 80 ecologists and managers to extract as much information as possible that will support the long-term management of protected areas, and the biodiversity and associated ecosystem services they maintain. “This outstanding volume draws together pretty much all that can be said on this topic, ranging from the science, through policy, to practical action”. Dr. Simon N. Stuart, IUCN Species Survival Commission, UK. "This important and timely volume addresses two of the most serious problems affecting biodiversity conservation today: assessing the extent to which protected areas are impacted by biological invasions and the complex problems of managing these impacts. Written by leading specialists, it provides a comprehensive overview of the issues and gives detailed examples drawn from protected areas across the world". Professor Vernon H. Heywood, School of Biological Sciences, University of Reading, UK