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The Cambridge Handbook of Compliance

The Cambridge Handbook of Compliance
Author: Benjamin van Rooij
Publisher: Cambridge University Press
Total Pages: 1559
Release: 2021-05-20
Genre: Law
ISBN: 1108754139

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Compliance has become key to our contemporary markets, societies, and modes of governance across a variety of public and private domains. While this has stimulated a rich body of empirical and practical expertise on compliance, thus far, there has been no comprehensive understanding of what compliance is or how it influences various fields and sectors. The academic knowledge of compliance has remained siloed along different disciplinary domains, regulatory and legal spheres, and mechanisms and interventions. This handbook bridges these divides to provide the first one-stop overview of what compliance is, how we can best study it, and the core mechanisms that shape it. Written by leading experts, chapters offer perspectives from across law, regulatory studies, management science, criminology, economics, sociology, and psychology. This volume is the definitive and comprehensive account of compliance.


Business Regulation and Public Policy

Business Regulation and Public Policy
Author: André Nijsen
Publisher: Springer Science & Business Media
Total Pages: 361
Release: 2008-12-03
Genre: Law
ISBN: 0387776788

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For years, businesses have complained about the costs of regulatory compliance. On the other hand, society is becoming increasingly aware of the environmental, safety, health, financial, and other risks of business activity. Government oversight seems to be one of the answers to safeguard against these risks. But how can we deregulate and regulate without jeopardizing our public goals or acting as a brake on economic growth? Many instruments are available to assess the effects of laws regulating business, including the regulatory impact assessment (RIA), which contains cost/benefit analysis, cost-effectiveness analysis, risk analysis, and cost assessments. This book argues that public goals will be achieved more effectively if compliance costs of the enterprises are as low as possible. Highlighting examples from a wide spectrum of industries and countries, the authors propose a new kind of RIA, the business impact assessment (BIA), designed to improve both business and public policy decision making.


The Cost of Compliance with Product Standards for Firms in Developing Countries

The Cost of Compliance with Product Standards for Firms in Developing Countries
Author: Keith Eugene Maskus
Publisher: World Bank Publications
Total Pages: 35
Release: 2005
Genre: Administrative and Regulatory Law
ISBN:

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Abstract: Standards and technical regulations exist to protect consumer safety or to achieve other goals, such as ensuring the interoperability of telecommunications systems, for example. Standards and technical regulations can, however, raise substantially both start-up and production costs for firms. Maskus, Otsuki, and Wilson develop econometric models to provide the first estimates of the incremental production costs for firms in developing nations in conforming to standards imposed by major importing countries. They use firm-level data generated from 16 developing countries in the World Bank Technical Barriers to Trade (TBT) Survey Database. Their findings indicate that standards do increase short-run production costs by requiring additional inputs of labor and capital. A 1 percent increase in investment to meet compliance costs in importing countries raises variable production costs by between 0.06 and 0.13 percent, a statistically significant increase. The authors also find that the fixed costs of compliance are nontrivial-approximately.


OECD Regulatory Compliance Cost Assessment Guidance

OECD Regulatory Compliance Cost Assessment Guidance
Author: Organization for Economic Cooperation and Development
Publisher: OCDE
Total Pages: 0
Release: 2014
Genre: Administrative agencies
ISBN: 9789264209640

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Governments across the OECD and beyond are increasingly concerned with controlling and reducing regulatory costs in order to create a more favourable business environment, thereby improve the conditions for inclusive growth. They must work to systematically adopt better regulatory choices, ensuring that the most cost-effective and efficient options are chosen in all areas of regulation. A key component of regulatory costs are the costs associated with regulatory compliance. This guidance document provides a practical, technical and user-friendly guidance on measuring and reducing compliance costs of regulation in OECD countries.


The Cost of Compliance with Product Standards for Firms in Developing Countries

The Cost of Compliance with Product Standards for Firms in Developing Countries
Author: Keith E. Maskus
Publisher:
Total Pages:
Release: 2012
Genre:
ISBN:

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Standards and technical regulations exist to protect consumer safety or to achieve other goals, such as ensuring the interoperability of telecommunications systems, for example. Standards and technical regulations can, however, raise substantially both start-up and production costs for firms. Maskus, Otsuki, and Wilson develop econometric models to provide the first estimates of the incremental production costs for firms in developing nations in conforming to standards imposed by major importing countries. They use firm-level data generated from 16 developing countries in the World Bank Technical Barriers to Trade (TBT) Survey Database. Their findings indicate that standards do increase short-run production costs by requiring additional inputs of labor and capital. A 1 percent increase in investment to meet compliance costs in importing countries raises variable production costs by between 0.06 and 0.13 percent, a statistically significant increase. The authors also find that the fixed costs of compliance are nontrivial-approximately $425,000 per firm, or about 4.7 percent of value added on average. The results may be interpreted as one indication of the extent to which standards and technical regulations might constitute barriers to trade. While the relative impact on costs of compliance is relatively small, these costs can be decisive factors driving export success for companies. In this context, there is scope for considering that the costs associated with more limited exports to countries with import regulations may not conform to World Trade Organization rules encouraging harmonization of regulations to international standards, for example. Policy solutions then might be sought by identifying the extent to which subsidies or public support programs are needed to offset the cost disadvantage that arises from nonharmonized technical regulations.


The Cost of Regulatory Compliance in the United States

The Cost of Regulatory Compliance in the United States
Author: Francesco Trebbi
Publisher:
Total Pages: 0
Release: 2022
Genre:
ISBN:

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We quantify firms' compliance costs of regulation from 2002 to 2014 in terms of their labor input expenditure to comply with government rules, a primary component of regulatory compliance spending for large portions of the U.S. economy. Detailed establishment-level occupation data, in combination with occupation-specific task information, allow us to recover the share of an establishment's wage bill owing to employees engaged in regulatory compliance. Regulatory costs account on average for 1.34 percent of the total wage bill of a firm, but vary substantially across and within industries, and have increased over time. We investigate the returns to scale in regulatory compliance and find an inverted-U shape, with the percentage regulatory spending peaking for an establishment size of around 500 employees. Finally, we develop an instrumental variable methodology for decoupling the role of regulatory requirements from that of enforcement in driving firms' compliance costs.


Reduce Carbon Compliance Costs:

Reduce Carbon Compliance Costs:
Author: Mike Taylor
Publisher: Createspace Independent Publishing Platform
Total Pages: 108
Release: 2018-09-14
Genre:
ISBN: 9781726032988

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Reduce Carbon Compliance CostsStrategies for California and Quebec facilities to reduce their compliance cost in the Carbon Cap and Trade Program. I have been tracking, trading, brokering and consulting in the environmental credit markets almost two decades in the United States and Canada. The California and Quebec carbon cap and trade program is by far the most complex system that exists for an environmental credit trading program. The target audience for this book is the environmental professionals or the procurement professionals who are managing the carbon cap and trade compliance for their facilities in California and Quebec. I am writing this book to provide a good overview of the program as well as to share some of the cost-cutting compliance strategies I have developed and deploy with my clients. From 2013 onwards, the Carbon Cap and Trade has added millions of dollars of cost to the many facilities located in California and Quebec that emit more than 25,000 tons of CO2e per year. The rules are complex and change almost yearly. Environmental professionals at these facilities already had a full-time job complying with all the other existing environmental regulations for their facilities before these carbon cap and trade programs were thrust upon them. Now they must also deal with coming to understand more than 400 pages of regulation in California and 117 pages in Quebec. This is a daunting task, to say the least. It is extremely difficult for an environmental professional to become an expert on all existing regulations, keep track of and analyze future potential regulation changes, track the trading market, become an expert on all the trading structures available in the evolving market, recommend the best trading strategies, and then execute the trades. This book will assist the environmental professionals and procurement professionals by providing an overview of the key elements of the carbon cap and trade regulations. In these pages you will find real-life trading strategies that will reduce the cost of compliance and, depending on the size of your facility, the savings could shave millions of dollars off your compliance costs which adds directly to the bottom line of the company's profitability.


Impact of Regulatory Compliance Costs on Small Airports

Impact of Regulatory Compliance Costs on Small Airports
Author:
Publisher:
Total Pages: 96
Release: 2013
Genre: Airports
ISBN:

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"TRB's Airport Cooperative Research Program (ACRP) Report 90: Impact of Regulatory Compliance Costs on Small Airports explores the cumulative costs of complying with regulatory and other federal requirements at small hub and non-hub airports."--Publisher's description.


Enterprise Compliance Risk Management

Enterprise Compliance Risk Management
Author: Saloni Ramakrishna
Publisher: John Wiley & Sons
Total Pages: 320
Release: 2015-09-04
Genre: Business & Economics
ISBN: 1118550323

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The tools and information that build effective compliance programs Enterprise Compliance Risk Management: An Essential Toolkit for Banks and Financial Services is a comprehensive narrative on managing compliance and compliance risk that enables value creation for financial services firms. Compliance risk management, a young, evolving yet intricate discipline, is occupying center stage owing to the interplay between the ever increasing complexity of financial services and the environmental effort to rein it in. The book examines the various facets of this layered and nuanced subject. Enterprise Compliance Risk Management elevates the context of compliance from its current reactive stance to how a proactive strategy can create a clear differentiator in a largely undifferentiated market and become a powerful competitive weapon for organizations. It presents a strong case as to why it makes immense business sense to weave active compliance into business model and strategy through an objective view of the cost benefit analysis. Written from a real-world perspective, the book moves the conversation from mere evangelizing to the operationalizing a positive and active compliance management program in financial services. The book is relevant to the different stakeholders of the compliance universe - financial services firms, regulators, industry bodies, consultants, customers and compliance professionals owing to its coverage of the varied aspects of compliance. Enterprise Compliance Risk Management includes a direct examination of compliance risk, including identification, measurement, mitigation, monitoring, remediation, and regulatory dialogue. With unique hands-on tools including processes, templates, checklists, models, formats and scorecards, the book provides the essential toolkit required by the practitioners to jumpstart their compliance initiatives. Financial services professionals seeking a handle on this vital and growing discipline can find the information they need in Enterprise Compliance Risk Management. Enterprise Compliance Risk Management: An Essential Toolkit for Banks and Financial Services is a comprehensive narrative on managing compliance and compliance risk that enables value creation for financial services firms. Compliance risk management, a young, evolving yet intricate discipline, is occupying center stage owing to the interplay between the ever increasing complexity of financial services and the environmental effort to rein it in. The book examines the various facets of this layered and nuanced subject. Enterprise Compliance Risk Management elevates the context of compliance from its current reactive stance to how a proactive strategy can create a clear differentiator in a largely undifferentiated market and become a powerful competitive weapon for organizations. It presents a strong case as to why it makes immense business sense to weave active compliance into business model and strategy through an objective view of the cost benefit analysis. Written from a real-world perspective, the book moves the conversation from mere evangelizing to the operationalizing a positive and active compliance management program in financial services. The book is relevant to the different stakeholders of the compliance universe - financial services firms, regulators, industry bodies, consultants, customers and compliance professionals owing to its coverage of the varied aspects of compliance. Enterprise Compliance Risk Management includes a direct examination of compliance risk, including identification, measurement, mitigation, monitoring, remediation, and regulatory dialogue. With unique hands-on tools including processes, templates, checklists, models, formats and scorecards, the book provides the essential toolkit required by the practitioners to jumpstart their compliance initiatives. Financial services professionals seeking a handle on this vital and growing discipline can find the information they need in Enterprise Compliance Risk Management.