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The Claustrum

The Claustrum
Author: John R. Smythies
Publisher: Academic Press
Total Pages: 408
Release: 2013-11-11
Genre: Medical
ISBN: 012404722X

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The present day is witnessing an explosion of our understanding of how the brain works at all levels, in which complexity is piled on complexity, and mechanisms of astonishing elegance are being continually discovered. This process is most developed in the major areas of the brain, such as the cortex, thalamus, and striatum. The Claustrum instead focuses on a small, remote, and, until recently, relatively unknown area of the brain. In recent years, researchers have come to believe that the claustrum is concerned with consciousness, a bold hypothesis supported by the claustrum’s two-way connections with nearly every other region of the brain and its seeming involvement with multisensory integrations—the hallmark of consciousness. The claustrum, previously in a humble position at the back of the stage, might in fact be the conductor of the brain’s orchestra. The Claustrum brings together leading experts on the claustrum from the varied disciplines of neuroscience, providing a state-of-the-art presentation of what is currently known about the claustrum, promising lines of current research (including epigenetics), and projections of new lines of investigation on the horizon. Develops a unifying hypothesis about the claustrum’s role in consciousness, as well as the integration of sensory information and other higher brain functions Discusses the involvement of the claustrum with autism, schizophrenia, epilepsy, Alzheimer’s disease, and Parkinson’s disease Coverage of all aspects of the claustrum, from its evolution and development to promising new lines of research, including epigenetics, provides a platform and point of reference for future investigative efforts


The Claustrum: charting a way forward for the brain’s most mysterious nucleus

The Claustrum: charting a way forward for the brain’s most mysterious nucleus
Author: Ariel Y. Deutch
Publisher: Frontiers Media SA
Total Pages: 143
Release: 2015-09-09
Genre: Brain
ISBN: 2889195422

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The claustrum is a long, band-like grey matter structure situated in the ventrolateral telencephalon of most, if not all, mammalian brains. Due to its shape and close proximity to white matter structures and insular cortex, the anatomy and behavioral relevance of the claustrum have proven difficult to study. As a result, disagreements in the literature exist over ontogeny, phylogeny, anatomical boundaries, and connectivity. Despite this, it is generally regarded that the claustrum contains excitatory projection neurons that reciprocally connect to most regions of the cerebral cortex, a feature that has fostered varying hypotheses as to its function. These hypotheses propose multisensory integration, coordination of cortical activity for the generation of conscious percepts, or saliency filtration. The articles of this e-book consider the historical and recent highlights in claustrum structure, hodology, and function and seek to provide a compelling way forward for this “hidden” nucleus.


Human Brainstem

Human Brainstem
Author: George Paxinos
Publisher: Academic Press
Total Pages: 327
Release: 2020-07-11
Genre: Medical
ISBN: 0128216085

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Human Brainstem: Cytoarchitecture, Chemoarchitecture, Myeloarchitecture explores how the human brainstem has been impeded by the unavailability of an up-to-date, comprehensive, diagrammatic and photographic atlas. Now, with the first detailed atlas on the human brainstem in more than twenty years, this book presents an accurate, comprehensive and convenient reference for students, researchers and pathologists. Presents the first detailed atlas on the human brainstem in more than twenty years Represents all areas of the medulla, pons and midbrain in the plane transverse to the longitudinal axis of the brainstem Consists of 63 plates and 63 accompanying diagrams with an interplate distance of one millimeter Includes photographs of Nissl and acetylcholinesterase (AChE) stained sections at alternate levels Provides an accurate and convenient guide for students, researchers and pathologists


Long-Term Psychoanalytic Supervision with Donald Meltzer

Long-Term Psychoanalytic Supervision with Donald Meltzer
Author: João Sousa Monteiro
Publisher: Routledge
Total Pages: 272
Release: 2018-11-09
Genre: Psychology
ISBN: 0429791488

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Long-Term Psychoanalytic Supervision with Donald Meltzer is a detailed account of a particularly demanding analysis which Donald Meltzer closely supervised over twelve years. This will enable the reader to closely follow the internal life of a long-term, trying analysis. The reader can see how Meltzer’s thoughts had crucially guided the course of this analysis in many of its most challenging moments, often redirecting it. By watching things happening, the reader is enabled to get a deeper insight into Meltzer's highly complex, though outstanding thought. On many particularly important points, the author invited Meltzer to give his thoughts and interpretations in his own words as if he himself was the analyst. This provides the reader with a unique opportunity to ‘listen’ to Meltzer verbatim. Long-Term Psychoanalytic Supervision with Donald Meltzer demonstrates the often overwhelming yet fascinating complexities of mental life and will speak to psychoanalysts and psychoanalytic psychotherapists, as well as those interested in the philosophy of the mind.


Itch

Itch
Author: E. Carstens
Publisher: CRC Press
Total Pages: 482
Release: 2014-02-25
Genre: Science
ISBN: 1466505435

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Advances in itch research have elucidated differences between itch and pain but have also blurred the distinction between them. There is a long debate about how somatic sensations including touch, pain, itch, and temperature sensitivity are encoded by the nervous system. Research suggests that each sensory modality is processed along a fixed, direct-line communication system from the skin to the brain. Itch: Mechanisms and Treatment presents a timely update on all aspects of itch research and the clinical treatment of itch that accompanies many dermatological conditions including psoriasis, neuropathic itch, cutaneous t-cells lymphomas, and systemic diseases such as kidney and liver disease and cancer. Composed of contributions from distinguished researchers around the world, the book explores topics such as: Neuropathic itch Peripheral neuronal mechanism of itch The role of PAR-2 in neuroimmune communication and itch Mrgprs as itch receptors The role of interleukin-31 and oncostatin M in itch and neuroimmune communication Spinal coding of itch and pain Spinal microcircuits and the regulation of itch Examining new findings on cellular and molecular mechanisms, the book is a compendium of the most current research on itch, its prevalence in society, and the problems associated with treatment.


The Mouse Nervous System

The Mouse Nervous System
Author: Charles Watson
Publisher: Academic Press
Total Pages: 815
Release: 2011-11-28
Genre: Science
ISBN: 0123694973

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The Mouse Nervous System provides a comprehensive account of the central nervous system of the mouse. The book is aimed at molecular biologists who need a book that introduces them to the anatomy of the mouse brain and spinal cord, but also takes them into the relevant details of development and organization of the area they have chosen to study. The Mouse Nervous System offers a wealth of new information for experienced anatomists who work on mice. The book serves as a valuable resource for researchers and graduate students in neuroscience. Systematic consideration of the anatomy and connections of all regions of the brain and spinal cord by the authors of the most cited rodent brain atlases A major section (12 chapters) on functional systems related to motor control, sensation, and behavioral and emotional states A detailed analysis of gene expression during development of the forebrain by Luis Puelles, the leading researcher in this area Full coverage of the role of gene expression during development and the new field of genetic neuroanatomy using site-specific recombinases Examples of the use of mouse models in the study of neurological illness


The Rat Brain in Stereotaxic Coordinates

The Rat Brain in Stereotaxic Coordinates
Author: George Paxinos
Publisher: Elsevier
Total Pages: 451
Release: 2006-11-02
Genre: Science
ISBN: 0080475159

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This completely revised edition of The Rat Brain in Stereotaxic Coordinates, the second most cited book in science, represents a dramatic update from the previous edition. Based on a single rat brain, this edition features an entirely new coronal set of tissue cut in regular 120 micron intervals with accompanying photographs and drawings of coronal, horizontal and sagittal sections of this new set. The use of the single brain allows for greater consistency between sections, while advances in histochemistry techniques provides increased refinement in the definition of brain areas, making this the most accurate and detailed stereotaxic rat atlas produced to date. The atlas will also include a CD-ROM featuring all of the graphics and text. Every lab working with the rat as an experimental animal model will want to use this book as their atlas of choice. This book is also available in a softcover spiral binding at the same price. Includes twice as many coronal sections, nissl plates, and sagittal plates as the previous edition Uses a single rat brain allowing for better consistency and better delineations in the line drawings of structures Provides improved stereotaxic coordinates at a higher level of detail Accompanying CD-ROM features graphics and text Now available as hardcover version and softcover version with a spiral binding at the same price


The Central Nervous System of Vertebrates

The Central Nervous System of Vertebrates
Author: Rudolf Nieuwenhuys
Publisher: Springer Science & Business Media
Total Pages: 2270
Release: 1998
Genre: Medical
ISBN: 9783540560135

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This comprehensive reference is clearly destined to become the definitive anatomical basis for all molecular neuroscience research. The three volumes provide a complete overview and comparison of the structural organisation of all vertebrate groups, ranging from amphioxus and lamprey through fishes, amphibians and birds to mammals. This thus allows a systematic treatment of the concepts and methodology found in modern comparative neuroscience. Neuroscientists, comparative morphologists and anatomists will all benefit from: * 1,200 detailed and standardised neuroanatomical drawings * the illustrations were painstakingly hand-drawn by a team of graphic designers, specially commissioned by the authors, over a period of 25 years * functional correlations of vertebrate brains * concepts and methodology of modern comparative neuroscience * five full-colour posters giving an overview of the central nervous system of the vertebrates, ideal for mounting and display This monumental work is, and will remain, unique; the only source of such brilliant illustrations at both the macroscopic and microscopic levels.


The Triumphant Victim

The Triumphant Victim
Author: J.F. Miller
Publisher: Routledge
Total Pages: 234
Release: 2018-03-08
Genre: Psychology
ISBN: 0429922531

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This book examines the unrecognised prevalence of sadomasochism and perverse thinking in personal relationships as well as the public domain, and discusses the way it contributes to the culture of the victim.The first part traces the origins of perverse pathology and how it operates in obstructing emotional development and producing dysfunctional relationships. This is put in the context of hysteria, exhibitionism, voyeurism, and projective identification and is illustrated with clinical material drawn from the author's thirty years of psychoanalytical practice as well as experiences of couple- and family-therapy and educational consultations. The second half of the book examines current modes of thinking and belief systems with particular emphasis on tribal, basic-assumption mentality. The author examines the legacy of Cartesian dualism and the Enlightenment in contributing to the marginalization of feminine values in favour of negative, masculine control. Fundamentalist belief, the 'New Atheism' and feminism are subjected to particular scrutiny for evidence of perverse thinking leading to internal contradictions and the manifestation of these in the consulting room is illustrated with clinical material.


MRI/DTI Atlas of the Rat Brain

MRI/DTI Atlas of the Rat Brain
Author: George Paxinos
Publisher: Academic Press
Total Pages: 225
Release: 2015-05-28
Genre: Science
ISBN: 0124173179

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MRI/DTI Atlas of the Rat Brain offers two major enhancements when compared with earlier attempts to make MRI/DTI rat brain atlases. First, the spatial resolution at 25μm is considerably higher than previous data published. Secondly, the comprehensive set of MRI/DTI contrasts provided has enabled the authors to identify more than 80% of structures identified in The Rat Brain in Stereotaxic Coordinates. Ninety-six coronal levels from the olfactory bulb to the pyramidal decussation are depicted Delineations primarily made on the basis of direct observations on the MRI contrasts Each of the 96 open book pages displays four items— top left, the directionally colored fractional anisotropy image derived from DTI (DTI - FAC); top right, the diffusion-weighted image (DWI); bottom left, the gradient recalled echo (GRE); and bottom right, a diagrammatic synthesis of the information derived from these three images plus two additional images, which are not displayed (ARDC and RD). This is repeated for 96 coronal levels, which makes the levels 250 μm apart The FAC images are shown in full color The orientation of sections corresponds to that in Paxinos and Watson’s The Rat Brain in Stereotaxic Coordinates, 7th Edition (2014) The images have been obtained from 3D isotropic population averages (number of rats=5). All abbreviations of structure names are identical to the Paxinos & Watson histologic atlas