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The Class Reunion—An Annotated Translation and Commentary on the Sumerian Dialogue Two Scribes

The Class Reunion—An Annotated Translation and Commentary on the Sumerian Dialogue Two Scribes
Author: J. Cale Johnson
Publisher: BRILL
Total Pages: 376
Release: 2015-07-28
Genre: History
ISBN: 9004302107

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In The Class Reunion—An Annotated Translation and Commentary on the Sumerian Dialogue Two Scribes, J. Cale Johnson and Markham J. Geller present a critical edition, translation and commentary on the Sumerian scholastic dialogue otherwise known as Two Scribes, Streit zweier Schulabsolventen or Dialogue 1. The two protagonists, the Professor and the Bureaucrat, each ridicule their opponent in alternating speeches, while at the same time scoring points based on their detailed knowledge of Sumerian lexical and literary traditions. But they also represent the two social roles into which nearly all graduates of the Old Babylonian Tablet House typically gained entrance. So the dialogue also reflects on larger themes such as professional identity and the nature of scholastic activity in Mesopotamia in the Old Babylonian period (ca. 1800–1600 BCE).


Translation as Scholarship

Translation as Scholarship
Author: Jay Crisostomo
Publisher: Walter de Gruyter GmbH & Co KG
Total Pages: 521
Release: 2019-01-14
Genre: Religion
ISBN: 1501509810

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In the first half of the 2d millennium BCE, translation occasionally depicted semantically incongruous correspondences. Such cases reflect ancient scribes substantiating their virtuosity with cuneiform writing by capitalizing on phonologic, graphemic, semantic, and other resemblances in the interlingual space. These scholar–scribes employed an essential scribal practice, analogical hermeneutics, an interpretative activity grounded in analogical reasoning and empowered by the potentiality of the cuneiform script. Scribal education systematized such practices, allowing scribes to utilize these habits in copying compositions and creating translations. In scribal education, analogical hermeneutics is exemplified in the word list "Izi", both in its structure and in its occasional bilingualism. By examining "Izi" as a product of the social field of scribal education, this book argues that scribes used analogical hermeneutics to cultivate their craft and establish themselves as knowledgeable scribes. Within a linguistic epistemology of cuneiform scribal culture, translation is a tool in the hands of a knowledgeable scholar.


The Comparable Body - Analogy and Metaphor in Ancient Mesopotamian, Egyptian, and Greco-Roman Medicine

The Comparable Body - Analogy and Metaphor in Ancient Mesopotamian, Egyptian, and Greco-Roman Medicine
Author: John Z Wee
Publisher: BRILL
Total Pages: 457
Release: 2017-11-13
Genre: Medical
ISBN: 9004356770

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The Comparable Body - Analogy and Metaphor in Ancient Mesopotamian, Egyptian, and Greco-Roman Medicine explores how analogy and metaphor illuminate and shape conceptions about the human body and disease, through 11 case studies from ancient Mesopotamian, Egyptian, and Greco-Roman medicine.


Disputation Literature in the Near East and Beyond

Disputation Literature in the Near East and Beyond
Author: Enrique Jiménez
Publisher: Walter de Gruyter GmbH & Co KG
Total Pages: 478
Release: 2020-08-10
Genre: Religion
ISBN: 1501510274

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Disputation literature is a type of text in which usually two non-human entities (such as trees, animals, drinks, or seasons) try to establish their superiority over each other by means of a series of speeches written in an elaborate, flowery register. As opposed to other dialogue literature, in disputation texts there is no serious matter at stake only the preeminence of one of the litigants over its rival. These light-hearted texts are known in virtually every culture that flourished in the Middle East from Antiquity to the present day, and they constitute one of the most enduring genres in world literature. The present volume collects over twenty contributions on disputation literature by a diverse group of world-renowned scholars. From ancient Sumer to modern-day Bahrain, from Egyptian to Neo-Aramaic, including Latin, French, Middle English, Armenian, Chinese and Japanese, the chapters of this book study the multiple avatars of this venerable text type.


Mesopotamian Commentaries on the Diagnostic Handbook Sa-gig

Mesopotamian Commentaries on the Diagnostic Handbook Sa-gig
Author: John Z Wee
Publisher: BRILL
Total Pages: 513
Release: 2019-12-16
Genre: History
ISBN: 9004417567

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Mesopotamian Commentaries on the Diagnostic Handbook Sa-gig includes a cuneiform edition, English translation, and notes on medical lexicography for thirty Sa-gig commentary tablets and fragments, and represents a companion volume to Knowledge and Rhetoric in Medical Commentary (Brill, 2019).


Knowledge and Rhetoric in Medical Commentary

Knowledge and Rhetoric in Medical Commentary
Author: John Z Wee
Publisher: BRILL
Total Pages: 533
Release: 2019-12-09
Genre: History
ISBN: 9004417532

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Knowledge and Rhetoric in Medical Commentary explores the dynamic between scholastic rhetoric and medical knowledge in ancient commentaries on a Mesopotamian Diagnostic Handbook, whose atypical language and ideas were harmonized with conventional ways of perceiving and describing the sick body.


Back to School in Babylonia

Back to School in Babylonia
Author: Susanne Paulus
Publisher: Institute for the Study of Ancient Cultures
Total Pages: 482
Release: 2023-09-15
Genre: History
ISBN: 1614910995

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This volume—the companion book to the special exhibition Back to School in Babylonia of the Institute for the Study of Ancient Cultures of the University of Chicago—explores education in the Old Babylonian period through the lens of House F in Nippur, excavated jointly by the University of Chicago and the University of Pennsylvania in the early 1950s and widely believed to have been a scribal school. The book's twenty essays offer a state-of-the-art synthesis of research on the history of House F and the educational curriculum documented on the many tablets discovered there, while the catalog's five chapters present the 126 objects included in the exhibition, the vast majority of them cuneiform tablets.


Gender and methodology in the ancient Near East: Approaches from Assyriology and beyond

Gender and methodology in the ancient Near East: Approaches from Assyriology and beyond
Author: Stephanie Lynn Budin
Publisher: Edicions Universitat Barcelona
Total Pages: 385
Release: 2018-10-04
Genre: Social Science
ISBN: 849168073X

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This collection of 23 essays, presented in three sections, aims to discuss women’s studies as well as methodological and theoretical approaches to gender within the broad framework of ancient Near Eastern studies. The first section, comprising most of the contributions, is devoted to Assyriology and ancient Near Eastern archaeology. The second and third sections are devoted to Egyptology and to ancient Israel and biblical studies respectively, neighbouring fields of research included in the volume to enrich the debate and facilitate academic exchange. Altogether these essays offer a variety of sources and perspectives, from the textual to the archaeological, from bodies and sexuality to onomastics, to name just a few, making this a useful resource for all those interested in the study of women and gender in the past.


In the Wake of the Compendia

In the Wake of the Compendia
Author: J. Cale Johnson
Publisher: Walter de Gruyter GmbH & Co KG
Total Pages: 336
Release: 2015-11-13
Genre: History
ISBN: 1501502506

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In the Wake of the Compendia examines the composition of technical literature in the ancient Semitic-speaking world. Compendia on astrology, magic, medicine, lexicography, and alchemy were composed in several languages and relate to earlier Mesopotamian models. This volume offers new perspectives on the early history of these compendia and their subsequent transmission into later post-cuneiform compilations, curricula, and scholarly writings.


Visualizing the invisible with the human body

Visualizing the invisible with the human body
Author: J. Cale Johnson
Publisher: Walter de Gruyter GmbH & Co KG
Total Pages: 486
Release: 2019-11-05
Genre: History
ISBN: 3110642689

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Physiognomy and ekphrasis are two of the most important modes of description in antiquity and represent the necessary precursors of scientific description. The primary way of divining the characteristics and fate of an individual, whether inborn or acquired, was to observe the patient’s external characteristics and behaviour. This volume focuses initially on two types of descriptive literature in Mesopotamia: physiognomic omens and what we might call ekphrastic description. These modalities are traced through ancient India, Ugaritic and the Hebrew Bible, before arriving at the physiognomic features of famous historical figures such as Themistocles, Socrates or Augustus in the Graeco-Roman world, where physiognomic discussions become intertwined with typological analyses of human characters. The Arabic compendial culture absorbed and remade these different physiognomic and ekphrastic traditions, incorporating both Mesopotamian links between physiognomy and medicine and the interest in characterological ‘types’ that had emerged in the Hellenistic period. This volume offer the first wide-ranging picture of these modalities of description in antiquity.