Are you looking for read ebook online? Search for your book and save it on your Kindle device, PC, phones or tablets. Download The Characterization Of Microbial Communities From Activated Sludge Of A Pure Oxygen Industrial Wastewater Treatment System PDF full book. Access full book title The Characterization Of Microbial Communities From Activated Sludge Of A Pure Oxygen Industrial Wastewater Treatment System.
| Author | : Cynthia Henny |
| Publisher | : |
| Total Pages | : 158 |
| Release | : 1993 |
| Genre | : Dissertations, Academic |
| ISBN | : |
| Author | : Thomas E. Cloete |
| Publisher | : IWA Publishing |
| Total Pages | : 108 |
| Release | : 1997-01-01 |
| Genre | : Science |
| ISBN | : 9781900222020 |
Microbial Community Analysis surveys the vast amount of theoretical and practical knowledge on the design of biological treatment systems. It describes the different types of biological wastewater systems, the role of microbial diversity in these systems, and how this affects design and operation, methods for studying microbial community dynamics, and mathematical modelling of these systems. Contents Biological methods for the treatment of wastewaters Biodiversity and microbial interactions in the biodegradation of organic compounds Microbial population dynamics in biological wastewater treatment plants Molecular techniques for determining microbial community structures in activated sludge Principles in the modelling of biological wastewater treatment plants Practical considerations for the design of biological wastewater treatment systems Scientific and Technical Report No.5
| Author | : Wade H. Shafer |
| Publisher | : Springer Science & Business Media |
| Total Pages | : 427 |
| Release | : 2012-12-06 |
| Genre | : Science |
| ISBN | : 1461303931 |
Masters Theses in the Pure and Applied Sciences was first conceived, published, and disseminated by the Center for Information and Numerical Data Analysis and Synthesis (CINDAS)* at Purdue University in 1957, starting its coverage of theses with the academic year 1955. Beginning with Volume 13, the printing and dis semination phases of the activity were transferred to University Microfilms/Xerox of Ann Arbor, Michigan, with the thought that such an arrangement would be more beneficial to the academic and general scientific and technical community. After five years of this joint undertaking we had concluded that it was in the interest of all concerned if the printing and distribution of the volumes were handled by an international publishing house to assure improved service and broader dissemination. Hence, starting with Volume 18, Masters Theses in the Pure and Applied Sciences has been disseminated on a worldwide basis by Plenum Publishing Corporation of New York, and in the same year the coverage was broadened to include Canadian universities. All back issues can also be ordered from Plenum. We have reported in Volume 39 (thesis year 1994) a total of 13,953 thesis titles from 21 Canadian and 159 United States universities. We are sure that this broader base for these titles reported will greatly enhance the value of this impor tant annual reference work. While Volume 39 reports theses submitted in 1994, on occasion, certain uni versities do report theses submitted in previous years but not reported at the time.
| Author | : Olga Sanchez |
| Publisher | : CRC Press |
| Total Pages | : 349 |
| Release | : 2016-06-22 |
| Genre | : Science |
| ISBN | : 1771883898 |
This title includes a number of Open Access chapters. The activated sludge process is one of the most versatile and commonly used wastewater treatment systems in the world. In the past, when industrial wastewater treatment focused on removing biological oxygen demand and suspended solids, waste water plants needed different processes and technology
| Author | : Claire Nicole Freeman |
| Publisher | : |
| Total Pages | : 0 |
| Release | : 2020 |
| Genre | : |
| ISBN | : |
Wastewater produced from human activity contains high concentrations of contaminants like ammonia, pathogens, and organic compounds with high biological oxygen demand; all of which must be remediated with proper wastewater treatment prior to discharge into the environment. Most large-scale wastewater treatment plants (WWTPs) remove contaminants from wastewater using the activated sludge process, wherein wastewater is mixed with a flocculent slurry of microorganisms that use these contaminants for the production of energy or increasing microbial biomass. The activated sludge environment is a complex microbial ecosystem, containing stable populations of organisms adapted to activated sludge, as well as transient environmental and human gutassociated organisms. These microbial communities are subject to various selective pressures, including predation, fluctuating temperatures, sub-therapeutic levels of antibiotics, and heavy metals. Although microbial activity plays a large role in the functionality of these systems, there is limited information about the resident microbial communities within. In general, the bacteria in these systems are monitored through microscopy, staining, and culturing. While these tools are useful, they provide limited information about the microbial communities as a whole. Thus, this work aims to use higher resolution tools like high-throughput metagenomic sequencing and quantitative PCR to gain more information about the microbial communities in a wastewater treatment environment. This thesis focuses on three aspects of the microbial communities in the Regina WWTP: (1) the composition of the activated sludge microbial community and how it changes in response to seasonality (2) mobile genetic elements in untreated wastewater and activated sludge, and (3) the antimicrobial resistance (AMR) genes that are released into Wascana creek in the treated wastewater effluent. Samples of WWTP effluent, untreated wastewater, and activated sludge were collected from the Regina WWTP. DNA was extracted from all samples and used in high throughput sequencing to determine information about microbial community composition and mobile genetic elements, or quantitative PCR to quantify the AMR genes leaving the WWTP in the effluent. The results indicated that the Regina WWTP activated sludge system is primarily composed of the bacterial phyla, Proteobacteria and Actinobacteria. Although the composition of this microbial community varied seasonally at the genus level, the performance of the WWTP remained stable, suggesting that the functionality of this system is robust to some change within the microbial community. Quantification of functional genes revealed that denitrification genes were abundant, while nitrification genes were not, likely due to nitrifying organisms accounting for a very low proportion of the overall microbial biomass. In the recovered collection of mobile genetic elements, plasmids providing resistance to metals and antibiotics were abundant, which likely contribute to microbial adaptation to these environments. Additionally, quantification of antibiotic resistance genes in the treated effluent revealed that some of these genes are surviving the wastewater treatment process, suggesting that WWTPs may be contributing to the dissemination of antibiotic resistance in the environment.
| Author | : Phillip Bernard Gedalanga |
| Publisher | : |
| Total Pages | : 141 |
| Release | : 2010 |
| Genre | : |
| ISBN | : 9781124349084 |
Wastewater treatment has often depended on the activated sludge process to remove chemical or biochemical oxygen demand, nitrogen, and/or phosphorus from influent wastes. Treatment efficiency is dependent on microorganisms that are responsible for the oxidation of different substrates in these waters. Currently, biomass estimations at the full-scale level are based on suspended solids concentrations of the mixed liquor in the activated sludge process. This research was conducted under the hypothesis that the substitution of biomass represented as suspended solids for microbial quantities enumerated using molecular methodologies will advance the knowledge of biological processes in wastewater treatment. The primary objective was to determine relationships among specific bacterial abundance and physicochemical parameters that improve the treatment efficiency of activated sludge. DNA amplification technologies allow direct quantification of bacteria, which is the basis for population assessment in this research. Data collection consisted of physicochemical and biological analysis from the activated sludge process in a full-scale wastewater treatment plant. A number of treatment quality parameters were related to the abundance of total bacteria, ammonia oxidizing bacteria, and nitrite oxidizing bacteria in a partially nitrifying wastewater treatment plant. This research identified the influence of temperature and dissolved oxygen as key factors in the mechanisms for substrate competition between specific microbial groups, especially under oxygen limited conditions. Furthermore, the removal of biochemical oxygen demand was highly influenced by the major oxygen consumers in the activated sludge, namely heterotrophic bacteria and ammonia-oxidizing bacteria. The refinement of existing protocols, especially in the calculation of microbial kinetic parameters using specific biomass instead of a suspended solids estimate, is novel. This research has improved the understanding of the complex relationships between different microbial groups within activated sludge. Direct quantification of ammonia-oxidizing bacteria indicated a negative correlation with biochemical oxygen demand, therefore treatment quality can be optimized through stringent monitoring of this microbial group. Furthermore, insights into the interrelationships within nitrite-oxidizing bacteria have been gained via competition for substrate and variations in both environmental and plant operating parameters. The predominant nitrite-oxidizing bacterium was determined to be an important component of nitrite accumulation events. Ecophysiological factors were reaffirmed as the major source of population influence between total, ammonia oxidizing, and nitrite oxidizing bacteria in a full-scale wastewater treatment plant. Quantitative analysis of these populations elucidated operational adjustments that can be used to modify cell abundance and impact treatment efficiency. These results will be used for an improved microbial characterization of activate sludge and such determinations can positively influence wastewater treatment operations and efficiencies.
| Author | : Valter Tandoi |
| Publisher | : IWA Publishing (International Water Assoc) |
| Total Pages | : 588 |
| Release | : 2002 |
| Genre | : Science |
| ISBN | : |
The microbial complexity and the functions of the biomass present in activated sludge and biofilm systems were the subject matter of the 3rd Conference on Microorganisms in Activated Sludge and Biofilm Processes. Detailed knowledge of the identity, physiology and ecology of the microorganisms involved is central to any attempts to modify the composition of the biomass and hence optimise its performance. The Conference covered a wide range of topics dealing with the microbiology and microbial processes in activated sludge and biofilms, including sessions on newly identified microorganisms, microbial selection mechanisms and biomass storage processes. Many of these papers reported on the use of new molecular biological tools that directly address the population structure, dynamics and function of microbial communities. Other sessions dealt with work solving problems and improving performance in full-scale treatment plants and industrial wastewater treatment processes. From the extensive programme, a full peer review has selected for these proceedings 88 of the very best papers on the following topics: microbial dynamics; filamentous bacteria; polyphosphate and glycogen accumulating microorganisms; biofilm composition and processes; nitrifiers and denitrifiers; storage processes in biomass; biomass characterization; microbiology and biochemistry; full-scale experiences; foaming; industrial wastes. Together they form an unrivalled summary of work by the world?s leading experts to research the microbiological basis of wastewater treatment and improve the design and operation of biological processes. These proceedings are an essential reference for engineers, chemists, microbiologists and plant operators researching or applying activated sludge or biofilm techniques.
| Author | : David Gregory Weissbrodt |
| Publisher | : Springer Nature |
| Total Pages | : 555 |
| Release | : |
| Genre | : |
| ISBN | : 3031410092 |
| Author | : Lin Ye |
| Publisher | : |
| Total Pages | : |
| Release | : 2017-01-26 |
| Genre | : |
| ISBN | : 9781361315262 |
This dissertation, "Exploring Microbial Community Structures and Functions of Activated Sludge by High-throughput Sequencing" by Lin, Ye, 叶林, was obtained from The University of Hong Kong (Pokfulam, Hong Kong) and is being sold pursuant to Creative Commons: Attribution 3.0 Hong Kong License. The content of this dissertation has not been altered in any way. We have altered the formatting in order to facilitate the ease of printing and reading of the dissertation. All rights not granted by the above license are retained by the author. Abstract: To investigate the diversities and abundances of nitrifiers and to apply the highthroughput sequencing technologies to analyze the overall microbial community structures and functions in the wastewater treatment bioreactors were the major objectives of this study. Specifically, this study was conducted: (1) to investigate the diversities and abundances of AOA, AOB and NOB in bioreactors, (2) to explore the bacterial communities in bioreactors using 454 pyrosequencing, and (3) to analyze the metagenomes of activated sludge using Illumina sequencing. A lab-scale nitrification bioreactor was operated for 342 days under low DO (0.15 0.5 mg/L) and high nitrogen loading (0.26 0.52 kg-N/(m3d)). T-RFLP and cloning analysis showed there were only one dominant AOA, AOB and NOB species in the bioreactor, respectively. The amoA gene of the dominant AOA had a similarity of 89.3% with the isolated AOA species Nitrosopumilus maritimus SCM1. The AOB species detected in the bioreactor belonged to Nitrosomonas genus. The abundance of AOB was more than 40 times larger than that of AOA. The percentage of NOB in total bacteria increased from not detectable to 30% when DO changed from 0.15 to 0.5 mg/L. Compared with traditional methods, pyrosequencing analysis of the bacteria in this bioreactor provided unprecedented information. 494 bacterial OTUs was obtained at 3% distance cutoff. Furthermore, 454 pyrosequencing was applied to investigate the bacterial communities of activated sludge samples from 14 WWTPs of Asia (mainland China, Hong Kong, and Singapore) and North America (Canada and the United States). The results revealed huge amounts of OTUs in activated sludge, i.e. 1183 3567 OTUs in one sludge sample at 3% distance cutoff. Clear geographical differences among these samples were observed. The AOB amoA genes in different WWTPs were found quite diverse while the 16S rRNA genes were relatively conserved. To explore microbial community structures and functions in the abovementioned labscale bioreactor and a full-scale bioreactor, over six gigabases of metagenomic sequence data and 150,000 paired-end reads of PCR amplicons were generated from the activated sludge in the two bioreactors on Illumina HiSeq2000 platform. Three kinds of sequences (16S rRNA amplicons, 16S rRNA gene tags and predicted genes) were used to conduct taxonomic assignment and their applicabilities and reliabilities were compared. Specially, based on 16S rRNA and amoA gene sequences, AOB were found more abundant than AOA in the two bioreactors. Furthermore, the analysis of the metabolic profiles and pathways indicated that the overall pathways in the two bioreactors were quite similar. However, the abundances of some specific genes in the two bioreactors were different. In addition, 454 pyrosequencing was also used to detect potentially pathogenic bacteria in environmental samples. It was found most abundant potentially pathogenic bacteria in the WWTPs were affiliated with Aeromonas and Clostridium. Aeromonas veronii, Aeromonas hydrophila and Clostridium perfringens were species most similar to the potentially pathogenic bacteria found in this study. Overa
| Author | : Mayur B. Kurade |
| Publisher | : Frontiers Media SA |
| Total Pages | : 107 |
| Release | : 2021-03-25 |
| Genre | : Science |
| ISBN | : 288966631X |
Topic Editor Byong-Hun Jeon has patents related to the Research Topic. All other topic editors declare no competing interests with regard to the Research Topic subject.
