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The Assessment of Physical Activity and Sedentary Behaviors

The Assessment of Physical Activity and Sedentary Behaviors
Author: Nathanael Meckes
Publisher:
Total Pages: 125
Release: 2012
Genre: Exercise
ISBN:

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The health benefits of physical activity are widely accepted. Emerging research also indicates that sedentary behaviors can carry negative health consequences regardless of physical activity level. This dissertation explored four projects that examined measurement properties of physical activity and sedentary behavior monitors. Project one identified the oxygen costs of four other care activities in seventeen adults. Pushing a wheelchair and pushing a stroller were identified as moderate-intensity activities. Minutes spent engaged in these activities contribute towards meeting the 2008 Physical Activity Guidelines. Project two identified the oxygen costs of common cleaning activities in sixteen adults. Mopping a floor was identified as moderate-intensity physical activity, while cleaning a kitchen and cleaning a bathtub were identified as light-intensity physical activity. Minutes spent engaged in mopping a floor contributes towards meeting the 2008 Physical Activity Guidelines. Project three evaluated the differences in number of minutes spent in activity levels when utilizing different epoch lengths in accelerometry. A shorter epoch length (1-second, 5-seconds) accumulated significantly more minutes of sedentary behaviors than a longer epoch length (60-seconds). The longer epoch length also identified significantly more time engaged in light-intensity activities than the shorter epoch lengths. Future research needs to account for epoch length selection when conducting physical activity and sedentary behavior assessment. Project four investigated the accuracy of four activity monitors in assessing activities that were either sedentary behaviors or light-intensity physical activities. The ActiGraph GT3X+ assessed the activities least accurately, while the SenseWear Armband and ActivPAL assessed activities equally accurately. The monitor used to assess physical activity and sedentary behaviors may influence the accuracy of the measurement of a construct.


Youth Physical Activity and Sedentary Behavior

Youth Physical Activity and Sedentary Behavior
Author: Alan L. Smith
Publisher: Human Kinetics
Total Pages: 516
Release: 2008-07-24
Genre: Health & Fitness
ISBN: 1492584282

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As interest in the public health challenge of youth inactivity increases, the ambitious Youth Physical Activity and Sedentary Behavior sets a standard for addressing a problem with worldwide implications. Drawing on the contributions of a diverse group of international experts, this reference challenges professionals, researchers, and students to implement new solutions and further their research and work. No other text addresses the causes, contributing factors, and fundamental issues in dealing with youth physical activity with such depth or comprehensive coverage. Using a multidisciplinary approach, Youth Physical Activity and Sedentary Behavior breaks away from traditional thinking that places activity and sedentary behavior on a single continuum, which may limit progress in addressing youth inactivity. Instead, the authors encourage readers to focus on how sedentary and physically active behaviors coexist and consider how the two behaviors may have different determinants. In doing so, the text also considers developmental features such as maturation, ethnicity, environment, and genetics across both childhood (through age 12) and adolescence (the teen years). By looking at a variety of psychosocial and epidemiological factors, the authors set the stage for a critical analysis of beliefs and views at a time when many assumptions are taken for granted. This book is organized in three parts that build on one another to deepen readers’ understanding of this complex problem. This text begins by addressing the fundamental issues and assumptions pertaining to youth physical activity and sedentary behavior, covering such topics as measurement of the behavior in question, health outcomes, concepts, and trends in a public health context. Once readers have grasped this foundational knowledge, they advance to part II for a comprehensive account of personal factors likely to be associated with the problem. Part III moves beyond the individual into the wider social and contextual aspects of physically active and sedentary living in young people. Through this concluding part, readers gain the latest thinking on how parents, peers, schools, organized sport, and related factors link to youth physical activity and sedentary behavior. Each chapter presents the latest theory and research, real-world approaches to implementation, and background information to encourage discussion and future directions in national policy making. Youth Physical Activity and Sedentary Behavior also contains the following features that add to an unprecedented learning experience: •An at-a-glance look at why and how research can be used in the real world helps researchers relate their work to overall solutions. •Coverage of more issues related to this subject than are available in any other reference makes this a one-stop resource. •Internationally respected foreword writer, editors, and contributors provide a cross-disciplinary perspective valuable for putting solutions into a wider context. •Applications for Professionals boxes and Applications for Researchers boxes at the end of each chapter provide practical suggestions for implementing solutions. Youth Physical Activity and Sedentary Behavior: Challenges and Solutions considers current research about youth physical activity and sedentary behavior across a range of personal factors as well as cultural and social influences. The text communicates the knowledge base on developmental, economic, psychological, and social factors related to youth physical activity and sedentary behavior and provides an overview of youth-specific approaches to addressing the problem of inactivity among youth.


Sedentary Behavior and Health

Sedentary Behavior and Health
Author: Zhu, Weimo
Publisher: Human Kinetics
Total Pages: 456
Release: 2017-01-19
Genre: Education
ISBN: 1450471285

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With research from leading scientists, Sedentary Behavior and Health: Concepts, Assessments, and Intervention presents evidence on sedentary behavior, its apparent health risks, and suggestions on measuring and altering this behavior.


Physical Activity Assessments for Health-related Research

Physical Activity Assessments for Health-related Research
Author: Greg Welk
Publisher: Human Kinetics
Total Pages: 288
Release: 2002
Genre: Education
ISBN: 9780736037488

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And examples -- References -- Construct validity in physical activity research / Matthew T. Mahar and David A. Rowe -- Definitional stage -- Confirmatory stage -- Theory-testing stage -- Summary -- References -- Physical activity data : odd distributions yield strange answers / Jerry R. Thomas and Katherine T. Thomas -- Overview of the general linear model and rank-order procedures -- Determining whether data are normally distributed -- Application of rank-order procedures -- Data distributions and correlation -- Extensions of GLM rank-order statistical procedures -- Summary -- Endnote -- References -- Equating and linking of physical activity questionnaires / Weimo Zhu -- What is scale equating? -- Equating methods -- Practical issues of scale equating -- Remaining challenges and future research directions -- Summary -- References.


Psychology of Physical Activity and Sedentary Behavior

Psychology of Physical Activity and Sedentary Behavior
Author: Ryan E. Rhodes
Publisher: Jones & Bartlett Learning
Total Pages: 417
Release: 2023-03-08
Genre: Health & Fitness
ISBN: 1284290948

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Written for the upper-level undergraduate and graduate-level courses in exercise psychology and behavioral physical activity, Psychology of Physical Activity and Sedentary Behavior, Second Edition focuses on the psychological effects of physical activity in a diverse array of populations. It emphasizes how physical activity needs to be paired with a reduction in sedentary behavior in order to achieve overall health. With a focus on both the psychology of exercise and sedentary behavior, this first-of-its kind text provides readers with the latest research in both areas, including coverage of sleep, pain, and delayed gratification. This text also applies a critical lens to foundational theories and incorporates applications and interventions throughout.


Oxford Textbook of Children's Sport and Exercise Medicine

Oxford Textbook of Children's Sport and Exercise Medicine
Author: Neil Armstrong
Publisher: Oxford University Press
Total Pages: 785
Release: 2023
Genre: Medical
ISBN: 0192843966

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The 4th edition of the Oxford Textbook of Children's Sport and Exercise Medicine is the definitive single-volume reference in the field presented in four sections Exercise Science; Exercise Medicine; Sport Science; and Sport Medicine.


Sedentary Behaviour Epidemiology

Sedentary Behaviour Epidemiology
Author: Michael F. Leitzmann
Publisher: Springer Nature
Total Pages: 828
Release: 2024-03-14
Genre: Medical
ISBN: 3031418816

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This book addresses the origins, determinants and magnitude of the global problem of sedentary behaviour, along with concise yet in-depth solutions for tackling it. As a consequence of major technological advances in modern society, many people find themselves in environments characterized by prolonged sedentary behaviour. Building on the contributions of leading experts in the field, the new edition of this book presents updated knowledge about sedentary behaviour, its medical and public health significance, its correlates and determinants, measurement techniques, and recommendations for addressing this behaviour at the individual, community, environmental, and policy level. The book encompasses current research linking the COVID-19 pandemic to increased levels of sedentary behavior, and it covers global and planetary health aspects of sedentary behavior, highlighting sustainable development goals such as health and well-being for all. Applying a cross-disciplinary methodology, the book avoids considering physical activity and sedentary behavior as a single continuum, which potentially hampers progress in confronting widespread levels of sedentariness. Rather, the book helps readers better understand how sedentary and physically active behavior co-occur and how the two behaviours have distinct contributing factors. Building on the contributions of distinguished international experts in the field, this thorough resource is a valuable asset and challenges professionals, researchers, students, and practitioners alike to adopt new strategies and expand their reach.


Assessment of Physical Activity and Sedentary Behavior Using Wearable Sensors

Assessment of Physical Activity and Sedentary Behavior Using Wearable Sensors
Author: Amanda Hickey
Publisher:
Total Pages:
Release: 2017
Genre:
ISBN:

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The aims of study one of this dissertation were two-fold: 1) To understand the variability of sedentary behavior (SB) throughout a seven-day measurement period and 2) To determine the number of days of SB measurement required to reliably estimate seven-days of measurement. To address these aims, we utilized activPAL (AP) data from two existing data sets from the Physical Activity (PA) and Health Laboratory. Data were from 62 adults and 34 adolescents who had seven consecutive days of valid monitor wear. We found that adults were more sedentary on weekdays compared to weekend days, but there were no differences by type of day in adolescents. Results also suggest that two days of wear in adults and three days of wear in adolescents provide estimates comparable to a seven-day day measurement period. Our observation that less than seven-days of data are needed to reliably estimate SB is a novel finding and will reduce measurement burden for researchers and participants in future studies. For study two, we sought to determine the feasibility of assessing SB/PA with wearable sensors in a clinical population. More specifically, the aims of this part of the dissertation were 1) To quantify changes in objectively measured PA and SB using an AP during the natural progression of osteoarthritis (OA) over a nine-month period and 2) To determine the relationship between change in objectively measured PA and SB and patient reported pain and function. Participants were monitored immediately following a baseline clinic visit and after three, six, and nine-month follow-up visits. In addition, we correlated these PA/SB metrics with patient-reported changes in pain and function. We found no changes in any SB metrics (% of time spent sedentary, breaks per day, and break-rate) at three, six, and nine months in comparison to baseline. There were, however, significant declines in activity metrics (% of time spent stepping, guideline minutes, guideline bouts, % of time spent in moderate-to-vigorous PA and steps per day) at each subsequent time-point. The percent change for declines in activity metrics ranged from 0.1% to 42%. The R2 values describing the relationship between the SB/PA variables and the patient reported pain and function using the WOMAC were all low (range: 0 to 0.14). The results from this part of the dissertation demonstrate that it is a feasible approach to longitudinally quantify natural changes in PA/SB as OA progresses and they also provide insight into how activity behavior changes over time and informs the literature that interventions to help individuals maintain their PA levels are warranted. The aims of study three were: 1) To determine if the ActiGraph (AG) and AP provide comparable estimates of PA and SB in a sample of patients with OA and 2) To compare the relationships between patient-reported pain and function and PA/SB measures from the AP and AG accelerometers. Two SB cutpoints from the AG were utilized (100 counts∙min-1 (AG100) and 150 counts∙min-1 (AG150)). There were significant differences between the AP and AG150 for measures of % of time spent sedentary (difference of 6.3%), breaks per day (difference of 30 breaks), and steps per day (difference of 879 steps). There were significant differences between the AP and AG100 for breaks per day (difference of 30 breaks) and steps per day (difference 640 steps). Average guidelines minutes and number of guidelines bouts were comparable among the AP, AG100 and AG150. The association between the SB and PA variables and the patient reported pain and function were very weak (all R2 values


Sedentary Behaviors at Work

Sedentary Behaviors at Work
Author: Frederic Dutheil
Publisher: Frontiers Media SA
Total Pages: 116
Release: 2020-05-13
Genre:
ISBN: 2889636623

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