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The Analogical Reader

The Analogical Reader
Author: Peter Dixon
Publisher:
Total Pages: 270
Release: 2023-11-08
Genre: Psychology
ISBN: 1009344161
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Perspective taking is a critical component of approaches to literature and narrative, but there is no coherent, broadly applicable, and process-based account of what it is and how it occurs. This book provides a multidisciplinary coverage of the topic, weaving together key insights from different disciplines into a comprehensive theory of perspective taking in literature and in life. The essential insight is that taking a perspective requires constructing an analogy between one's own personal knowledge and experience and that of the perspective taking target. This analysis is used to reassess a broad swath of research in mind reading and literary studies. It develops the dynamics of how analogy is used in perspective taking and the challenges that must be overcome under some circumstances. New empirical evidence is provided in support of the theory, and numerous examples from popular and literary fiction are used to illustrate the concepts. This title is part of the Flip it Open programme and may also be available Open Access. Check our website Cambridge Core for details.

The Analogical Mind

The Analogical Mind
Author: Dedre Gentner
Publisher: MIT Press
Total Pages: 562
Release: 2001-03-02
Genre: Psychology
ISBN: 9780262571395
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Analogy has been the focus of extensive research in cognitive science over the past two decades. Through analogy, novel situations and problems can be understood in terms of familiar ones. Indeed, a case can be made for analogical processing as the very core of cognition. This is the first book to span the full range of disciplines concerned with analogy. Its contributors represent cognitive, developmental, and comparative psychology; neuroscience; artificial intelligence; linguistics; and philosophy. The book is divided into three parts. The first part describes computational models of analogy as well as their relation to computational models of other cognitive processes. The second part addresses the role of analogy in a wide range of cognitive tasks, such as forming complex cognitive structures, conveying emotion, making decisions, and solving problems. The third part looks at the development of analogy in children and the possible use of analogy in nonhuman primates. Contributors Miriam Bassok, Consuelo B. Boronat, Brian Bowdle, Fintan Costello, Kevin Dunbar, Gilles Fauconnier, Kenneth D. Forbus, Dedre Gentner, Usha Goswami, Brett Gray, Graeme S. Halford, Douglas Hofstadter, Keith J. Holyoak, John E. Hummel, Mark T. Keane, Boicho N. Kokinov, Arthur B. Markman, C. Page Moreau, David L. Oden, Alexander A. Petrov, Steven Phillips, David Premack, Cameron Shelley, Paul Thagard, Roger K.R. Thompson, William H. Wilson, Phillip Wolff

The Analogical Reader

The Analogical Reader
Author: Peter Dixon
Publisher: Cambridge University Press
Total Pages: 269
Release: 2024-01-31
Genre: Psychology
ISBN: 1009344188
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Uses the concept of analogy to analyze how perspective taking functions in real life and in narrative.

The Analogy of Faith

The Analogy of Faith
Author: Archie J. Spencer
Publisher: InterVarsity Press
Total Pages: 447
Release: 2015-09-18
Genre: Religion
ISBN: 0830840680
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If God is transcendent, how can human beings speak meaningfully about him? The answer lies in analogy, which recognizes both similarity and dissimilarity between God and our God-talk. In his erudite study, Archie Spencer argues for a christological account of analogy as the answer to the problem of God's speakability.

Similarity and Analogical Reasoning

Similarity and Analogical Reasoning
Author: Stella Vosniadou
Publisher: Cambridge University Press
Total Pages: 612
Release: 1989
Genre: Medical
ISBN: 9780521389358
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Similarity and analogy are fundamental in human cognition. They are crucial for recognition and classification, and have been associated with scientific discovery and creativity. Any adequate understanding of similarity and analogy requires the integration of theory and data from diverse domains. This interdisciplinary volume explores current development in research and theory from psychological, computational, and educational perspectives, and considers their implications for learning and instruction. The distinguished contributors examine the psychological processes involved in reasoning by similarity and analogy, the computational problems encountered in simulating analogical processing in problem solving, and the conditions promoting the application of analogical reasoning in everyday situations.

Analogical Reasoning in Children

Analogical Reasoning in Children
Author: Usha Goswami
Publisher: Psychology Press
Total Pages: 172
Release: 2013-10-23
Genre: Psychology
ISBN: 1317775392
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Analogical reasoning is a fundamental cognitive skill, involved in classification, learning, problem-solving and creative thinking, and should be a basic building block of cognitive development. However, for a long time researchers have believed that children are incapable of reasoning by analogy. This book argues that this is far from the case, and that analogical reasoning may be available very early in development. Recent research has shown that even 3-year-olds can solve analogies, and that infants can reason about relational similarity, which is the hallmark of analogy. The book traces the roots of the popular misconceptions about children's analogical abilities and argues that when children fail to use analogies, it is because they do not understand the relations underlying the analogy rather than because they are incapable of analogical reasoning. The author argues that young children spontaneously use analogies in learning, and that their analogies can sometimes lead them into misconceptions. In the "real worlds" of their classrooms, children use analogies when learning basic skills like reading, and even babies seem to use analogies to learn about the world around them.

The Semantics of Analogy

The Semantics of Analogy
Author: Joshua P. Hochschild
Publisher:
Total Pages: 0
Release: 2022-09-30
Genre:
ISBN: 9780268206833
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The Semantics of Analogy reinterprets Thomas de Vio Cajetan's De Nominum Analogia as a significant philosophical treatise in its own right, separate from Aquinas's theory of analogy.

Surfaces and Essences

Surfaces and Essences
Author: Douglas Hofstadter
Publisher: Basic Books (AZ)
Total Pages: 594
Release: 2013-04-23
Genre: Philosophy
ISBN: 0465018475
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Shows how analogy-making pervades human thought at all levels, influencing the choice of words and phrases in speech, providing guidance in unfamiliar situations, and giving rise to great acts of imagination.

Analogical Modeling

Analogical Modeling
Author: Royal Skousen
Publisher: John Benjamins Publishing
Total Pages: 440
Release: 2002-01-01
Genre: Language Arts & Disciplines
ISBN: 9789027223623
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Analogical Modeling (AM) is an exemplar-based general theory of description that uses both neighbors and non-neighbors (under certain well-defined conditions of homogeneity) to predict language behavior. This book provides a basic introduction to AM, compares the theory with nearest-neighbor approaches, and discusses the most recent advances in the theory, including psycholinguistic evidence, applications to specific languages, the problem of categorization, and how AM relates to alternative approaches of language description (such as instance families, neural nets, connectionism, and optimality theory). The book closes with a thorough examination of the problem of the exponential explosion, an inherent difficulty in AM (and in fact all theories of language description). Quantum computing (based on quantum mechanics with its inherent simultaneity and reversibility) provides a precise and natural solution to the exponential explosion in AM. Finally, an extensive appendix provides three tutorials for running the AM computer program (available online).