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| Author | : Mark E. Cunningham |
| Publisher | : Twenty-First Century Books |
| Total Pages | : 164 |
| Release | : 2009-01-01 |
| Genre | : Juvenile Nonfiction |
| ISBN | : 082259093X |
Follow the dramatic story of bloody Dien Bien Phu and its aftermath, years of savage fighting in the jungles of Vietnam, antiwar protests, political turmoil in the United States, and ultimate reunification of Vietnam.
| Author | : Professor Harold E Selesky |
| Publisher | : Yale University Press |
| Total Pages | : 220 |
| Release | : 1994-01-01 |
| Genre | : Technology & Engineering |
| ISBN | : 9780300058536 |
When a country is defeated in war, not only are the policies, strategies, and goals of the military affected, but those of society as well. In this book experts in military history examine conflicts ranging from the American Revolution to the Arab-Israeli wars of 1967 and 1973 and to China's invasion of Vietnam in 1979 to show how the trauma of defeat also affects the evolution of society. The authors argue that recovery from defeat must be assessed on the level of grand strategy, that ultimate responsibility for recovery rests on the capacity of a nation's top political and military leaders to use their society's resources in order to master the challenges confronting them. Sometimes a nation can rebound from defeat simply by re-forming or reorganizing the military services and the branches of government involved in military decisions. At other times military defeat can have a greater impact on society, leading to the consolidation of the status quo, the disruption of the traditional social order, or increased civilian control over the military. In any case, the leadership's viability often hinges on its ability to detect the inevitable pressures for reform that follow military defeat and to harness them accordingly.
| Author | : Ibrahim M. Zabad |
| Publisher | : Springer |
| Total Pages | : 318 |
| Release | : 2019-03-30 |
| Genre | : Political Science |
| ISBN | : 3030137473 |
This book sets out to explain the variation in nations’ reactions to their defeats in war. Typically, we observe two broad reactions to defeat: an inward-oriented response that accepts defeat as a reality and utilizes it as an opportunity for a new beginning, and an outward-oriented one that rejects defeat and invests national energies in restoring what was lost—most likely by force. This volume argues that although defeats in wars are humiliating experiences, those sentiments do not necessarily trigger aggressive nationalism, empower radical parties, and create revisionist foreign policy. Post-defeat, radicalization will be actualized only if it is filtered through three variables: national self-images (inflated or realistic), political parties (strong or weak), and international opportunities and constraints. The author tests this theory on four detailed case studies, Egypt (1967), Turkey/Ottoman Empire, Hungary and Bulgaria (WWI), and Islamic fundamentalism.
| Author | : Wolfgang Schivelbusch |
| Publisher | : Macmillan |
| Total Pages | : 420 |
| Release | : 2004-04 |
| Genre | : History |
| ISBN | : 9780312423193 |
Focusing on three seminal cases of military defeat--the South after the Civil War, France in the wake of the Franco-Prussian War, and Germany following World War I--Wolfgang Schivelbusch reveals the complex psychological and cultural responses of vanquished nations to the experience of loss on the battlefield. Drawing on reactions from every level of society, Schivelbusch charts the narratives defeated nations construct and finds remarkable similarities across cultures. Eloquently and vibrantly told, The Culture of Defeat is a brilliant and provocative tour de force of history.
| Author | : Ayşe Zarakol |
| Publisher | : Cambridge University Press |
| Total Pages | : 311 |
| Release | : 2010-12-23 |
| Genre | : Political Science |
| ISBN | : 1139494058 |
Not being of the West; being behind the West; not being modern enough; not being developed or industrialized, secular, civilized, Christian, transparent, or democratic - these descriptions have all served to stigmatize certain states through history. Drawing on constructivism as well as the insights of social theorists and philosophers, After Defeat demonstrates that stigmatization in international relations can lead to a sense of national shame, as well as auto-Orientalism and inferior status. Ayşe Zarakol argues that stigmatized states become extra-sensitive to concerns about status, and shape their foreign policy accordingly. The theoretical argument is supported by a detailed historical overview of central examples of the established/outsider dichotomy throughout the evolution of the modern states system, and in-depth studies of Turkey after the First World War, Japan after the Second World War, and Russia after the Cold War.
| Author | : John W Dower |
| Publisher | : W. W. Norton & Company |
| Total Pages | : 692 |
| Release | : 2000-07-04 |
| Genre | : History |
| ISBN | : 9780393320275 |
This study of modern Japan traces the impact of defeat and reconstruction on every aspect of Japan's national life. It examines the economic resurgence as well as how the nation as a whole reacted to defeat and the end of a suicidal nationalism.
| Author | : Eyal Ginio |
| Publisher | : |
| Total Pages | : 0 |
| Release | : 2016 |
| Genre | : Balkan Peninsula |
| ISBN | : 9781849045414 |
When the first Balkan War broke out in October 1912, few Ottomans anticipated that it would prove to be a watershed moment for the Empire, ending in ignominy, national catastrophe, and the loss of its remaining provinces in the Balkans. Defeat at the hands of an alliance of Balkan powers comprising Bulgaria, Greece, Serbia and Montenegro set the stage for the Balkan Crisis of 1914 and would serve as a prelude to WWI. It was also a moment of deep national trauma and led to bitter soul-searching, giving rise to a so-called 'Culture of Defeat' in which condemnation and criticism flourished in a way seemingly at odds with the reformist debate which followed the Young Turk Revolution of 1908.Eyal Ginio's clear-eyed and rigorously researched book uncovers the different visual and written products of the defeat, published in Ottoman Turkish, Arabic and Ladino, with the aim of understanding the experience of defeat - how it was perceived, analysed and commemorated by different sectors in Ottoman society - to show that it is key to understanding the actions of the Ottoman political elite during the subsequent World War and the early decades of the Turkish Republic.
| Author | : Deborah Welch Larson |
| Publisher | : Yale University Press |
| Total Pages | : 350 |
| Release | : 2019-02-26 |
| Genre | : Political Science |
| ISBN | : 0300245157 |
A look at how the desire to improve international status affects Russia's and China's foreign policies Deborah Welch Larson and Alexei Shevchenko argue that the desire for world status plays a key role in shaping the foreign policies of China and Russia. Applying social identity theory—the idea that individuals derive part of their identity from larger communities—to nations, they contend that China and Russia have used various modes of emulation, competition, and creativity to gain recognition from other countries and thus validate their respective identities. To make this argument, they analyze numerous cases, including Catherine the Great’s attempts to westernize Russia, China’s identity crises in the nineteenth century, and both countries’ responses to the end of the Cold War. The authors employ a multifaceted method of measuring status, factoring in influence and inclusion in multinational organizations, military clout, and cultural sway, among other considerations. Combined with historical precedent, this socio-psychological approach helps explain current trends in Russian and Chinese foreign policy.
| Author | : Noel Annan |
| Publisher | : Cornell University Press |
| Total Pages | : 300 |
| Release | : 1997 |
| Genre | : Biography & Autobiography |
| ISBN | : 9780801484902 |
In January 1941, Noel Annan was assigned to Military Intelligence in Whitehall, where he was to be involved for the next four years, at the center of Britain's secret war planning, in the crucial work of interpreting information supplied by a network of agents throughout occupied Europe. When the war in Europe ended, Annan was seconded to the British Zone in defeated Germany to help rebuild its ruined cities. Annan got to know the new generation of German politicians who were to bring about the economic miracle that led from the ashes of defeat to Germany's renaissance as the most powerful nation in Europe. When the future chancellor Konrad Adenauer was placed under house arrest and banned from taking part in politics, Annan helped to get him released. Annan's riveting account of this pivotal period of European history is both fascinating in itself and of considerable importance to our understanding of Europe today.
| Author | : Michael L. Hughes |
| Publisher | : UNC Press Books |
| Total Pages | : 281 |
| Release | : 2014-06-30 |
| Genre | : History |
| ISBN | : 1469619539 |
World War II and its aftermath brought devastating material losses to millions of West Germans. Military action destroyed homes, businesses, and personal possessions; East European governments expelled 15 million ethnic Germans from their ancestral homes; and currency reform virtually wiped out many Germans' hard-earned savings. These "war damaged" individuals, well over one-third of the West German population, vehemently demanded compensation at the expense of those who had not suffered losses, to be financed through capital levies on surviving private property. Michael Hughes offers the first comprehensive study of West Germany's efforts to redistribute the costs of war and defeat among its citizenry. The debate over a Lastenausgleich (a balancing out of burdens) generated thousands of documents in which West Germans articulated deeply held beliefs about social justice, economic rationality, and political legitimacy. Hughes uses these sources to trace important changes in German society since 1918, illuminating the process by which West Germans, who had rejected liberal democracy in favor of Nazi dictatorship in the 1930s, came to accept the social-market economy and parliamentary democracy of the 1950s.
