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Takfīr im militanten Salafismus

Takfīr im militanten Salafismus
Author: Justyna Nedza
Publisher: BRILL
Total Pages: 353
Release: 2020-04-06
Genre: Social Science
ISBN: 9004413871

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In this work, Justyna Nedza presents the first comprehensive analysis of the theologically charged legal practice of takfir in Egyptian and Saudi militant Salafist thought, with a focus on how this practice is employed to justify militant opposition to the state. Justyna Nedza präsentiert hier die erste umfassende Analyse der theologisch aufgeladenen Rechtspraxis des takfīr im militanten Salafismus, insbesondere in Ägypten und Saudi Arabien. Dabei liegt das Hauptaugenmerk darauf, wie takfīr zur Rechtfertigung eines gewaltsamen Vorgehens gegen den Staat eingesetzt wird.


The Presence of the Prophet in Early Modern and Contemporary Islam

The Presence of the Prophet in Early Modern and Contemporary Islam
Author: Rachida Chih
Publisher: BRILL
Total Pages: 520
Release: 2021-11-15
Genre: Religion
ISBN: 9004466754

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This second collective volume of the series The Presence of the Prophet explores the growing importance of the figure of the Prophet Muhammad for questions of authority and power in early modern and modern times. The authors provide a rich collection of case studies on how Muhammad’s material, spiritual, and genealogical heritage has been claimed for the foundation of Muslim empires, revolutionary movements, the formation of modern nation states and ideologies, as well as for communal mobilization and social reform. This novel comparative, and diachronic study, which is unique for its wide coverage of regional cases and perspectives, reveals diverse political representations of the Prophet in an increasingly globalised struggle over the control of his image between secularization and sacralization. Contributors Gianfranco Bria, Rachida Chih, Christoph Günther, Gottfried Hagen, Jan-Peter Hartung, David Jordan, Soraya Khodamoradi, Jamal Malik, Catherine Mayeur-Jaouen, Alix Philippon, Martin Riexinger, Stefan Reichmuth, Dilek Sarmis, Renaud Soler, Jaafar Ben El Haj Soulami, Florian Zemmin.


Gefährliche Nähe [German-language Edition]

Gefährliche Nähe [German-language Edition]
Author: Michail Logvinov
Publisher: Columbia University Press
Total Pages: 298
Release: 2014-03-01
Genre: Political Science
ISBN: 3838265696

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Salafism and jihadism are an important focus of inner-German security discussions. The Salafi proselytizing is more successful than ever, and the jihad in Afghanistan or Syria pulls Islamists from Germany.This collection offers an examination of currently virulent phenomena of Salafism and jihadism from different perspectives. It is sometimes claimed that either Islam and violence or religion and terror go hand in hand; the authors of this volume aim to show that this is not so. Using the methods of social science to determine whether and under what conditions such a dangerous proximity comes about, this book offers insight into which actors are being looked for by extremists to exploit and to use as self-fulfilling prophecies.To this end, the authors develop innovative analytical concepts: Among other things, a process of co-radicalization and an attitude-based approach to the study of Salafist networks are described.The book makes an important contribution to the current debate by not presenting the potentially dangerous proximity of Islam and violence as a social fact, but describes it as a factor that can be influenced and understood.Salafismus und Dschihadismus stehen im Mittelpunkt innerdeutscher Sicherheitsdiskussionen. Die salafistische Missionierung ist erfolgreich wie nie zuvor, und der Dschihad in Afghanistan oder Syrien zieht die Islamisten aus Deutschland an. Der vorliegende Sammelband beleuchtet aus unterschiedlichen Perspektiven die derzeit virulenten Phänomene des Salafismus und Dschihadismus. Weder soll damit plakativ eine Nähe von Islam und Gewalt, Religion und Terror behauptet noch eine solche pauschal geleugnet werden. Vielmehr wird mit sozialwissenschaftlichen Methoden erklärt, ob und unter welchen Bedingungen eine solche gefährliche Nähe zustande kommt, welche Akteure sie suchen, instrumentalisieren oder sie zur sich selbst erfüllenden Prophezeiung werden lassen. Zu diesem Zweck entwickeln die Autoren innovative Analysekonzepte: Unter anderem werden ein Prozess der Co-Radikalisierung und ein attitüdenbasierter Ansatz zur Untersuchung salafistischer Netzwerke beschrieben.Der Band leistet einen wichtigen Beitrag zur aktuellen Diskussion, indem er die gefährliche potentielle Nähe von Islam und Gewalt nicht etwa als soziales Faktum präsentiert, sondern als beeinflussbare Größe beschreibt und verständlich macht.


Muslims at the Margins of Europe

Muslims at the Margins of Europe
Author: Tuomas Martikainen
Publisher: BRILL
Total Pages: 345
Release: 2019-07-29
Genre: Social Science
ISBN: 9004404562

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This volume focuses on Muslims in Finland, Greece, Ireland and Portugal. It highlights how Muslim experiences can be understood in relation to country’s particular historical routes, political economies, and post-colonial legacies. It also reveals that country particularities shaping European Muslim experiences cannot be understood independently of global dynamics.


Islamist Thinkers in the Late Ottoman Empire and Early Turkish Republic

Islamist Thinkers in the Late Ottoman Empire and Early Turkish Republic
Author: Ahmet Şeyhun
Publisher: BRILL
Total Pages: 211
Release: 2014-10-30
Genre: Political Science
ISBN: 9004282408

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Islamist Thinkers in the Late Ottoman Empire and Early Turkish Republic offers an overview of the lives and ideas of thirteen influential Islamist thinkers. In the aftermath of the 1908 Revolution, Islamism became a prominent political ideology. In their writings, Islamist intellectuals analyzed and sought solutions to the social, economic and political issues of the empire. Their ideas constitute the blueprint for the Islamist-oriented political movements and parties that have been present in Turkish political life since the 1950s. This book is an important contribution to the study of late Ottoman intellectual history and the field of Islamic/Turkish political studies. It makes available in English important primary sources to scholars and students who have no access to these materials in their original languages.


The Dark Social Capital of Religious Radicals

The Dark Social Capital of Religious Radicals
Author: Johannes Saal
Publisher: Springer Nature
Total Pages: 527
Release: 2021-05-04
Genre: Political Science
ISBN: 3658328428

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With the departure of European Muslims to the “Islamic State” and a wave of terrorist attacks in Europe in recent years, the questions of why and how individuals radicalize to Jihadi extremism attracted keen interest. This thesis examines how individuals radicalize by applying a theoretical framework that primarily refers to social capital theory, the economics of religion, and social movement theory. The analysis of the biographical backgrounds, pathways of radicalization, and network connections of more than 1,300 Jihadi extremists from Germany, Austria, and Switzerland shows that radicalization primarily need to be considered as a social process of isolation from former social contacts and affiliation with a new religious group. Radicalization is characterized by the transformation of social capital and often channeled through so-called “strong ties” to friends and family members. These peer networks constitute the social fundament of radical clusters on the local level which are usually linked to a broader milieu through exclusive mosque communities and religious authorities. Bonding social capital within these radical groups minimizes the risk of betrayal and promotes trust essential for clandestine and risky activities.


Religious Fundamentalism in the Age of Pandemic

Religious Fundamentalism in the Age of Pandemic
Author: Nina Käsehage
Publisher: Transcript Publishing
Total Pages: 250
Release: 2020-11
Genre:
ISBN: 9783837654851

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This multidisciplinary anthology provides deep insights concerning the current impact of Covid-19 on various religious groups and believers around the world. Based on contributions of well-known scholars of religious fundamentalism, the contributors offer a window into the origins of religious fundamentalism and the development of these movements.


Shurat Legends, Ibadi Identities

Shurat Legends, Ibadi Identities
Author: Adam R. Gaiser
Publisher: Univ of South Carolina Press
Total Pages: 263
Release: 2016-10-15
Genre: Religion
ISBN: 1611176778

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An analysis of a variety of early Islamic texts to understand processes of identity formation and community In Shurat Legends, Ibadi Identities, Adam Gaiser explores the origins and early development of Islamic notions of martyrdom and of martyrdom literature. He examines the catalogs or lists of martyrs (martyrologies) of the early shur?t (Kh?rijites) in the context of late antiquity, showing that shur?t literature, as it can be reconstructed, shares continuity with the martyrologies of earlier Christians and other religious groups, especially in Iraq, and that this powerful literature was transmitted by seventh century shur?t through their successors, the Ib??iyya. Gaiser examines the sources of poems and narratives as quasi-historical accounts and their application in literary creations designed to meet particular communal needs, in particular, the need to establish and shape identity. Gaiser shows how these accounts accumulated traits—such as all-night prayer vigils, stoic acceptance of death, and miracles—-of a wider ascetic and apocalyptic literature in the eighth century, including martyrdom narratives of Eastern Christianity. By establishing focal points of piety around which a communal identity could be fashioned, such accounts proved suitable for use in missionary activity in North Africa and the Arabian Peninsula. Gaiser also documents the reshaping of these narratives for more quietist purposes: emphasizing moderated rather than violent action, diplomacy, and respect for other Islamic sects as also being monotheistic, rather than condemning them as sinful. Along with refashioning narratives, Gaiser details the Ib??? efforts to compile collections into genealogies, both biographical dictionaries and lineages of the true faith linking individuals and communities to local saints and martyrs. He also shows how this more nuanced history led to the formation of rules and authorities governing the shur?t. Employing rarely examined manuscript materials to shed light on such processes as identity formation and communal boundary maintenance, Gaiser traces the course by which this martyrdom literature and its potentially dangerous implications came to be institutionalized, contained, and controlled.


The Rage

The Rage
Author: Julia Ebner
Publisher: Bloomsbury Publishing
Total Pages: 314
Release: 2017-09-30
Genre: Political Science
ISBN: 1786722895

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The early twenty-first century has been defined by a rise in Islamist radicalisation and a concurrent rise in far right extremism. This book explores the interaction between the 'new' far right and Islamist extremists and considers the consequences for the global terror threat. Julia Ebner argues that far right and Islamist extremist narratives - 'The West is at war with Islam' and 'Muslims are at war with the West' - complement each other perfectly, making the two extremes rhetorical allies and building a spiralling torrent of hatred - 'The Rage'. By looking at extremist movements both online and offline, she shows how far right and Islamist extremists have succeeded in penetrating each other's echo chambers as a result of their mutually useful messages. Based on first-hand interviews, this book introduces readers to the world of reciprocal radicalisation and the hotbeds of extremism that have developed - with potentially disastrous consequences - in the UK, Europe and the US.


The New Terrorism

The New Terrorism
Author: Stefan Goertz
Publisher: Springer
Total Pages: 139
Release: 2019-05-07
Genre: Political Science
ISBN: 3030145921

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In light of asymmetrical security threats in western democracies as well as in conflict regions, this timely book examines the actors, strategies and tactics of Islamist terrorism and transnational organized crime around the globe. The authors develop an interdisciplinary approach to understanding the ideologies, forms of cooperation, and technological means used in new forms of terrorism. The book starts with an empirical analysis of the new Jihadism as a global Islamist theology and strategy. Furthermore, it investigates the interaction, cooperation and fusion of transnational organized crime and Islamist terrorism and highlights new communication technologies as vital tools for terrorism. Lastly, the book provides an analysis of asymmetrical strategies and tactics used by terrorist organisations, and of low-level terrorism. As such, it will appeal to all political scientists and criminologists studying terrorism, as well as to professionals at various national and international security services.