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Synthesis, Structure, Photophysics, and Biological Activity of Platinum (II) Complexes

Synthesis, Structure, Photophysics, and Biological Activity of Platinum (II) Complexes
Author: Dileep Atchyuth Kumar Vezzu
Publisher:
Total Pages: 291
Release: 2013
Genre: Platinum compounds
ISBN:

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The synthesis, structure, and photophysical properties of luminescent platinum (II) complexes with different coordination patterns, (C^C*N^N), (N^C*N), (N^N*C) and (N^N^C) are reported, where "C^N or N^N" denotes a bidentate coordination to the platinum to form a five-membered metallacycle and "C*N" denotes a bidentate coordination to the platinum to form a six-membered metallacycle. Sixteen cyclometalated platinum complexes have been synthesized with different coordination patterns, which include six complexes with tridentate N^C*N cyclometalating ligands (13, 14, 15, 16, 17, and 18), five complexes with N^N*C cyclometalating ligands (19a, 19b, 20a, 20b, and 24), three complexes with N^N^C cyclometalating ligands (21a, 21b, and 29) and two complexes with tetradentate C^C*N^N cyclometalating ligands (33 and 34). The structures of the platinum complexes 13, 15, 16, 18, 19a, 19b, 20a, 21a, 21b, 24, 29, 33, and 39 were determined by single crystal X-ray diffraction. In platinum complexes with five-six membered metallacycle (15, 16, 18, 19a, 19b, 20a, 24, and 39), the square geometry of the complexes is improved when compared to that of platinum complexes with five-five membered metallacycle as the biting angle is increased. The tetradentate coordination (C^C*N^N), square planar geometry of complex 33 are revealed from its X-ray crystal structure. The DFT calculations have been carried out on complexes 13, 14, 15, 16, 17, 18, 33, and 34 to examine the molecular orbital character of the complexes, which are used in interpreting the electronic spectra of the complexes. The photophysical properties of the platinum complexes were studied and a majority of the complexes were highly emissive in solution at room temperature. Complex 13 exhibited the highest quantum yield (65%) among all of the complexes. Self quenching was not observed in a majority of the platinum complexes at lower concentrations. The cytotoxicity (IC50) of the complexes in three lung cancerous cell lines and one prostate cancer cell line were determined by MTT assay. The toxic platinum complexes induced the cell death by triggering apoptosis. The interactions of the platinum complexes with plasmid and calf thymus DNA were studied. Activation of caspase -7, PARP, and p53 were also observed in RV1 and HCC827 cell lines when treated with platinum complexes. Complexes 35, 37 and 38 were more potent than the clinically approved drug, cis-platin.


Synthesis and Photophysical Characterization of Tridentate C^N*N Platinum (II) Complexes

Synthesis and Photophysical Characterization of Tridentate C^N*N Platinum (II) Complexes
Author: Deepak Ravindranathan
Publisher:
Total Pages: 88
Release: 2012
Genre: Chemical bonds
ISBN:

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The synthesis, structure, and photophysical properties of a series of novel, highly luminescent tridentate platinum complexes with general coordination geometry of (C^N*N)-PtL are reported, where "C^N" denotes a coordination of C and N to the platinum to form a five-membered metallacycle and "N*N" denotes a coordination of two N atoms to the platinum to form a six-membered metallacycle; L is a mono anionic ligand such as halides or acetylides. Compared to the known (C^N^N)-PtL type of complexes that were reported to emit with low quantum yields, the structural modification leads to dramatic improvements in phosphorescence efficiency. For example, new complexes (C^N*N)-PtL with L = hexylacetylide and phenylacetylide emitted intensely with quantum yields of 47% and 56%, respectively, latter of which is among the highest quantum yields reported so far for cyclometalated platinum (II) complexes. Selectivity in C-H bond activation by platinum and the exact mechanism of cycloplatination are issues that still remain unclear. A series of ligands which include sp2/sp3, primary/secondary sp3 C-H bonds, and aromatic/vinylic sp2 C-H bonds with a carbon linker between the bipyridine and the carbon groups have been prepared. All ligands have been attempted for cycloplatination in glacial acetic acid and acetonitrile. All ligands produced the same sp2 C-H bond activated complex in both solvents, which suggests that the linker atom does play a role on selectivity.


Luminescent Platinum(ii) Complexes Containing Dianionic Tetradentate Ligands Having Mixed Oxygen, Nitrogen and Carbon Donor Atoms and Platinum(ii)-Containing Phosphorescent Polymers

Luminescent Platinum(ii) Complexes Containing Dianionic Tetradentate Ligands Having Mixed Oxygen, Nitrogen and Carbon Donor Atoms and Platinum(ii)-Containing Phosphorescent Polymers
Author: Wai-Yip Tong
Publisher: Open Dissertation Press
Total Pages:
Release: 2017-01-26
Genre:
ISBN: 9781361342602

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This dissertation, "Luminescent Platinum(II) Complexes Containing Dianionic Tetradentate Ligands Having Mixed Oxygen, Nitrogen and Carbon Donor Atoms and Platinum(II)-containing Phosphorescent Polymers: Synthesis, Photophysical Properties and Material Applications" by Wai-yip, Tong, 唐煒燁, was obtained from The University of Hong Kong (Pokfulam, Hong Kong) and is being sold pursuant to Creative Commons: Attribution 3.0 Hong Kong License. The content of this dissertation has not been altered in any way. We have altered the formatting in order to facilitate the ease of printing and reading of the dissertation. All rights not granted by the above license are retained by the author. Abstract: Abstract of thesis entitled LUMINESCENT PLATINUM(II) COMPLEXES CONTAINING DIANIONIC TETRADENTATE LIGANDS HAVING MIXED OXYGEN, NITROGEN AND CARBON DONOR ATOMS AND PLATINUM(II)-CONTAINING PHOSPHORESCENT POLYMERS: SYNTHESIS, PHOTOPHYSICAL PROPERTIES AND MATERIAL APPLICATIONS Submitted by TONG WAI YIP for the degree of Doctor of Philosophy at The University of Hong Kong in May 2014 Square planar platinum(II) complexes exhibit rich photophysical properties which are tunable through the structural variation of ligands and can be harnessed for applications in materials science. In this thesis, the great variety of spectroscopic properties of various square planar cyclometalated platinum(II) complexes supported by tetradentate (O DEGREESN DEGREESN DEGREESC and O DEGREESN DEGREESC DEGREESN) and tridentate (C DEGREESN DEGREESN) ligands containing dipyridyl moieties will be highlighted, along with their synthesis, characterization and potential application in organic light emitting diodes (OLEDs). Ind Platinum(II) complexes supported by tetradentate O DEGREESN DEGREESN DEGREESC or O DEGREESN DEGREESN DEGREESC types of ligands (O DEGREESN DEGREESN DEGREESC = 2-(4-(3,5-di-tert-butylphenyl)-6'-phenyl-2,2'- Ind bipyridin-6-yl)phenolate; O DEGREESN DEGREESN DEGREESC = 5,5-dialkyl-2-(6-phenylpyridin-2-yl) indeno[1,2-b]pyridin-9-olate) are emissive in solution at room temperature, with emission maxima tunable from 582 nm to 640 nm and quantum yields up to 0.28. Mechanochromism and the associated luminescence change in [Pt(dihexyl- Ind O DEGREESN DEGREESN DEGREESC)] (Complex 3.6) were found associated with the two different crystal packings revealed by powder X-ray diffraction (PXRD) studies. Fast vapochromic response of [Pt(3-O DEGREESN DEGREESN-2,6-difluoropyridine)] (Complex 3.3) on chloroform or dichloromethane vapours was found to be associated with structural changes in the solid state through PXRD studies. Robust and strongly emissive platinum(II) complexes supported by tetradentate O DEGREESN DEGREESC DEGREESN ligands featuring fused six-five-six membered metallacyclic ring (O DEGREESN DEGREESC DEGREESN = 2-(4-(3,5-di-tert-butylphenyl)-6-(9-(pyridin-2-yl) carbazol-2-yl)pyridin-2-yl)phenol) have been prepared. These platinum(II) complexes are among the most efficient yellow phosphors, with emission maxima ranging from 526 nm to 553 nm and luminescence quantum yields as high as -1 0.47-0.86. A yellow OLED with power efficiency (η ) up to 52 lm W is power demonstrated. In combination with the typical blue emitting iridium(III) 2' bis(4,6-difluorophenyl-pyridinato-N, C ) picolinate (FIrpic), white organic -1 light-emitting diodes (WOLEDs) displayed η up to 61 lm W and reduced power -2 efficiency roll-off at 1000 cd m . Random copolymers with photo-inert backbone poly[(N-vinylcarbazole)-co- ((R-C DEGREESN DEGREESN)Pt)] and poly[(2-(4-tert-butylphenyl)-5-(4-vinylphenyl)-1,3,4- oxadiazole)-co-((R-C DEGREESN DEGREESN)Pt)] (R-C DEGREESN DEGREESN = 3-(6-phenyl-4-(4-vinylphenyl) pyridine-2-yl)-isoquinoline or 3-(4-(4-(dec-9-enyloxy)phenyl)-6-phenylpyridin- 2-yl)isoquinoline) have been synthesized and characterized. Energy transfer between the charge transporting units and emissive (R-C DEGREESN DEGREESN)Pt units was revealed through ICP-MS inve


DESIGN & SYNTHESIS OF LUMINESC

DESIGN & SYNTHESIS OF LUMINESC
Author: Suk-Hang Lam
Publisher: Open Dissertation Press
Total Pages: 292
Release: 2017-01-26
Genre: Science
ISBN: 9781361034019

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This dissertation, "Design and Synthesis of Luminescent Platinum(II) and Gold(III) Complexes With Tridentate Pincer-type Ligands: From Computational Study to Experiments and Application Studies" by Suk-hang, Lam, 林淑恒, was obtained from The University of Hong Kong (Pokfulam, Hong Kong) and is being sold pursuant to Creative Commons: Attribution 3.0 Hong Kong License. The content of this dissertation has not been altered in any way. We have altered the formatting in order to facilitate the ease of printing and reading of the dissertation. All rights not granted by the above license are retained by the author. Abstract: Abstract of thesis entitled DESIGN AND SYNTHESIS OF LUMINESCENT PLATINUM(II) AND GOLD(III) COMPLEXES WITH TRIDENTATE PINCER-TYPE LIGANDS - FROM COMPUTATIONAL STUDY TO EXPERIMENTS AND APPLICATION STUDIES Submitted by LAM Suk Hang for the degree of Doctor of Philosophy at The University of Hong Kong in June 2015 Square planar platinum(II) and gold(III) complexes possess unique spectroscopic and photophysical properties which enable them as promising candidates for many applications such as optoelectronic devices and biological sensors. The understanding of the intrinsic properties of these complexes is therefore essential to optimize their performance as well as provide guidance on the molecular design for specific applications. This thesis aims to provide useful insights for the molecular design strategies with the aid of computational studies to tune the electronic properties of these complexes and electroluminescence studies in the fabrication of organic light-emitting devices (OLEDs). Computational studies have been performed to inspect electronic structures and photophysical properties as well as their correlation with the nature of ancillary ligands in the platinum(II) complexes of 1,3-bis(N-alkylbenzimidazol-2′-yl)benzene, [Pt(bzimb)(C≡C-R)], 1,3-bis-hetero-azolylbenzenes, [Pt(N DEGREESC DEGREESN)(C≡C-R)], and pyridine-based N-heterocyclic carbene, [Pt(NHC)(C≡C-R)] . It was found that the emission of the arylalkynylplatinum(II) complexes with pyridine-based N-heterocyclic carbene ligand was originated from the triplet alkynyl-to-tridentate pincer ligand-to-ligand charge transfer excited state mixed with platinum-to-tridentate pincer metal-to-ligand charge transfer character, and the excited state energy was found to be red-shifted according to the increasing π electron-donating ability of the aryl group attached to the alkynyl ligand. On the other hand, the emission energies of the platinum(II) complexes of 1,3-bis(N-alkylbenzimidazol-2′-yl)benzene and 1,3-bis-hetero-azolylbenzenes were found to be dependent on the different electron-donating substituents on the pincer ligands. Calculations have also been performed on the representative alkynylplatinum(II) + + complexes [Pt(trpy)(C≡C-R)] (trpy = 2,2′ 6′,2′′-terpyridine), [Pt(bzimpy)(C≡C-R)] (bzimpy = 2,6-bis(N-alkylbenzimidazol-2′-yl)pyridine) and [Pt(bzimb)(C≡C-R)] as well as alkynylgold(III) complexes [Au(C DEGREESN DEGREESC)(C≡C-R)] (C DEGREESN DEGREESC = 2,6-diphenylpyridine), [Au{C(Np) DEGREESN DEGREESC(Np)}(C≡C-R)] (C(Np) DEGREESN DEGREESC(Np) = 2,6-di(2-naphthyl)pyridine) and [Au(N DEGREESN DEGREESN)(C≡C-R)] (N DEGREESN DEGREESN = 2,6-bis(1H-benzimidazol-2-yl)pyridine) in order to have a better understanding on their nature of the emissive origins as well as the radiative and nonradiative processes. In particular, factors governing the ordering of the triplet excited states and radiative decay rate constants of the emissive state ( ES) have been examined. Their potential energy profiles for the deactivation process from the ES via triplet metal-centered states have also been explored. This study revealed for the first time the potential energy profiles for the thermal deactivation pathway of square planar platinum(II) and gold(III) complexes. In addition to the computational


Design and Synthesis of Luminescent Mono- And Dinuclear Platinum(ii) Alkynyl Terpyridine Complexes

Design and Synthesis of Luminescent Mono- And Dinuclear Platinum(ii) Alkynyl Terpyridine Complexes
Author: Hoi-Yiu Chan
Publisher: Open Dissertation Press
Total Pages:
Release: 2017-01-27
Genre:
ISBN: 9781361426180

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This dissertation, "Design and Synthesis of Luminescent Mono- and Dinuclear Platinum(II) Alkynyl Terpyridine Complexes: From Photophysics to Aggregation and Self-assembly" by Hoi-yiu, Chan, 陳凱耀, was obtained from The University of Hong Kong (Pokfulam, Hong Kong) and is being sold pursuant to Creative Commons: Attribution 3.0 Hong Kong License. The content of this dissertation has not been altered in any way. We have altered the formatting in order to facilitate the ease of printing and reading of the dissertation. All rights not granted by the above license are retained by the author. Abstract: Abstract of thesis entitled DESIGN AND SYNTHESIS OF LUMINESCENT MONO- AND DINUCLEAR PLATINUM(II) ALKYNYL TERPYRIDINE COMPLEXES - FROM PHOTOPHYSICS TO AGGREGATION AND SELF-ASSEMBLY submitted by CHAN Hoi Yiu for the degree of Doctor of Philosophy at The University of Hong Kong in August 2006 A series of mononuclear alkynylplatinum(II) terpyridyl complexes, [Pt(trpy)({C{ C} C H )]PF, [Pt(trpy)({C{ C} C H CF -4)]PF, n 6 5 6 n 6 4 3 6 [Pt(trpy)({C{ C} C H CH -4)]PF, and [Pt( Bu trpy)(C{ C C{ C C H )]PF (n = n 6 4 3 6 3 6 5 6 2, 3), have been synthesized. The X-ray crystal structures of the two forms of [Pt(trpy)(C{ C C{ C C H )]PF, [Pt(trpy)(C{ C C{ C C{ C C H CH -4)]PF and 6 5 6 6 4 3 6 [Pt( Bu trpy)(C{ C C{ C C H )]PF have been determined. Dinuclear and 3 6 5 6 trinuclear alkynylplatinum(II) terpyridyl complexes, [1,4- {Pt(trpy)C{ C} C H ](OTf), [1,4-{Pt( Bu trpy)C{ C} C H ](OTf), [2,5- 2 6 4 2 3 2 6 4 2 {Pt(trpy)C{ C} C H S](OTf), [2,5-{Pt( Bu trpy)C{ C} C H S](OTf) and [1,3,5- 2 4 2 2 3 2 4 2 2 {Pt( Bu trpy)C{ C} C H ](OTf) have been successfully synthesized. The X-ray 3 3 6 3 3t crystal structure of [1,4-{Pt( Bu trpy)C{ C} C H ](OTf) has also been 3 2 6 4 2 determined. The luminescence properties of these complexes have been studied and their lowest-lying excited states in fluid solution and in the glass state were tentatively assigned as admixture of MLCT [dS (Pt)ĺ S *(trpy)] and LLCT [S (C{ C)ĺ S *(trpy)] origin, whereas the low-energy emissions in the solid state were attributed to triplet metal metal-to-ligand charge transfer ( MMLCT) phosphorescence, resulting from significant Pt---Pt interactions in the solid state. Besides, a series of luminescent platinum(II) terpyridyl alkynyl complexes with different counter anions, [Pt(trpy)(C{ C C{ C H)]X (X = OTf, PF, ClO, 6 4 BF, BPh ), [Pt(trpy)(C{ C C H )]X (X = OTf, PF, ClO, BF ) and 4 4 6 5 6 4 4 complexes with various substituents on the alkynyl and terpyridyl ligands, [Pt(trpy)(C{ CC H OCH-4)]OTf, [Pt(4'-CH O trpy)(C{ C C H )]OTf, 6 4 3 3 6 5 [Pt( Bu trpy)(C{ C C{ CH)]OTf, [Pt(trpy)(C{ CC H {CH NMe }-4)](OTf), 3 6 4 2 3 2 [Pt(trpy)(C{ C C{ C CH NMe )](OTf) and [Pt(trpy)(C{ C C{ C CH OH)]OTf 2 3 2 2 have been synthesized and their photophysical properties have been stuided. The X-ray crystal structure of [Pt(trpy)(C{ C C H )]ClO and 6 5 4 [Pt( Bu trpy)(C{ C C{ C H)]OTf have been determined. The solid-state absorption and emission spectra showed low-energy bands, which were assigned as derived from MMLCT origin. Solvent-induced aggregation studies of these complexes in solution showed that the color of the aggregates could be very different for different counter-ions, indicating that counter-ions played an important role in governing the degree of aggregation and the extent of interactions within these aggregates. Addition of various anions to solutions of [Pt(trpy)(C{ C C{ C H)]X (X = OTf, PF ) produced anion-induced color 6changes upon solvent-induced aggregation, showing that these complexes might serve as potential colorimetric anion probes. The effect of temperature on the aggregation properties of the complexes has also been explored. New low-energy absorption and emission bands were found upon a reduction of temperature, attributable to the formation o