Synthesis And Characterization Of Novel Low Band Gap Semiconducting Polymers For Organic Photovoltaic And Organic Field Effect Transister Applications PDF Download
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| Author | : Dickson Aleroh |
| Publisher | : |
| Total Pages | : |
| Release | : 2012 |
| Genre | : |
| ISBN | : |
Download Synthesis and Characterization of Novel Low Band Gap Semiconducting Polymers for Organic Photovoltaic and Organic Field Effect Transister Applications Book in PDF, ePub and Kindle
This thesis describes the synthesis, characterization and device properties of a range of conjugated polymers incorporating 3,6-dilakylthieno[3,2-b ] thiophene. We report a new and facile synthesis for the preparation of 3,6-dialkylthieno[3,2-b ]thiophene, which is readily scaled up to the multi-gram scale. With this synthesis in hand, we initially investigated the properties of poly(thienothiophene-alt-vinylene) polymers incorporating both straight and branched side-chains. Two different polymerization methods were investigated to synthesise the conjugated polymers, namely Stille and Gilch polymerization. The Gilch route was found to lead to high molecular-weight polymers with less eis-defects in the backbone. The polymers were found to be largely amorphous by X-ray diffraction measurements, although there were clear signs of aggregation by optical investigations. Field-effect transistors fabricated with these polymers exhibited charge carrier mobilities up to 0.02 cm2 V-I S-I for the straight chain analogue, with the branched polymer displaying lower mobilities. Blends with PC71BM were found to exhibit solar cell device efficiencies up to 2.5 %, with significant differences observed for polymers containing two different side-chains. In the third chapter we investigated the properties of ethynylene-linked 3,6-dialkylthieno[3,2- b ] thiophene polymers. The simple homo-polymers were found to exhibit much worse device performance than the analogous vinylene-containing polymers in transistor devices. Co- polymers with a range of electron accepting monomers were also synthesized. These displayed low optical energy gaps and signs of aggregation in the solid state. Transistors were fabricated and their performance examined. In the final part of this thesis, co-polymers bearing 3,6-dialkylthieno[3,2-b ]thiophene donor and squaraine acceptor units were synthesized. These zwitterionic conjugated polymers displayed band gaps as low as 1.0 eV. The influence of the nature of the side-chains and co- monomer was investigated with regard to their optoelectronic properties.
| Author | : Robert James Thompson |
| Publisher | : |
| Total Pages | : 299 |
| Release | : 2017 |
| Genre | : |
| ISBN | : |
Download Synthesis and Characterization of Novel Conjugated Polymers and Small Molecules for Photovoltaic Applications Book in PDF, ePub and Kindle
This dissertation describes the synthesis and characterization of several novel conjugated polymers and small molecules for use in research on organic photovoltaics (i.e. polymer solar cells/organic solar cells). Chapter 1 is an introductory chapter that briefly introduces semiconducting polymers and gives a brief overview of their use in polymer solar cells. Chapter 2 describes the synthesis and characterization of the conjugated polyelectrolyte, poly{(4,4-bis(3'-(N-ethyl-N,N-dimethylammonio)propyl)cyclopenta[2,1-b:3,4-b']dithiophene)-2,6-diyl-alt-(thiophene-2,5-diyl)} bromide (PCT). Chapter 3 describes the synthesis and characterization of a series of conjugated polymers containing substituted dithieno[3,2-a:2',3'-c]phenazine monomer units, and also describes the fabrication and analysis of solar cells devices made from these materials. Chapter 4 describes the synthesis and characterization of a series of conjugated polymers and small molecules based on the condensation of various aromatic o-diamines with o-diketones to produce novel N-heteroacenes. Chapter 5 gives a brief review of the work reported in this dissertation and provides suggestions for future work that can be built on those findings.
| Author | : Emir Hubijar |
| Publisher | : |
| Total Pages | : 230 |
| Release | : 2013 |
| Genre | : Conjugated polymers |
| ISBN | : |
Download Novel Semiconducting Polymers Book in PDF, ePub and Kindle
Chapter 1 provides general information on conjugated polymers utilized in polymer light-emitting diodes (LEDs), polymer solar cells (PSCs) and organic field effect transistors (OFETs). It also includes brief description and schematic diagrams for each device configuration.
| Author | : Raquel Aparecida Domingues |
| Publisher | : CRC Press |
| Total Pages | : 225 |
| Release | : 2021-06-25 |
| Genre | : Science |
| ISBN | : 1000727963 |
Download Semiconducting Polymers Book in PDF, ePub and Kindle
Semiconducting polymers are of great interest for applications in electroluminescent devices, solar cells, batteries, and diodes. This volume provides a thorough introduction to the basic concepts of the photophysics of semiconducting polymers as well as a description of the principal polymerization methods for luminescent polymers. Divided into two main sections, the book first introduces the advances made in polymer synthesis and then goes on to focus on the photophysics aspects, also exploring how new advances in the area of controlled syntheses of semiconducting polymers are applied. An understanding of the photophysics process in this kind of material requires some knowledge of many different terms in this field, so a chapter on the basic concepts is included. The process that occurs in semiconducting polymers spans time scales that are unimaginably fast, sometimes less than a picosecond. To appreciate this extraordinary scale, it is necessary to learn a range of vocabularies and concepts that stretch from the basic concepts of photophysics to modern applications, such as electroluminescent devices, solar cells, batteries, and diodes. This book provides a starting point for a broadly based understanding of photophysics concepts applied in understanding semiconducting polymers, incorporating critical ideas from across the scientific spectrum.
| Author | : Haichang Zhang |
| Publisher | : Frontiers Media SA |
| Total Pages | : 70 |
| Release | : 2021-11-09 |
| Genre | : Science |
| ISBN | : 2889716112 |
Download Design, Synthesis, and Application of Novel π-Conjugated Materials - Part II Book in PDF, ePub and Kindle
| Author | : |
| Publisher | : |
| Total Pages | : |
| Release | : 2009 |
| Genre | : |
| ISBN | : |
Download Synthesis and Characterization of Novel Narrow-band-gap Conjugated Copolymers Containing Heterocyclic Moieties for Organic Photovoltaic Cells Applications Book in PDF, ePub and Kindle
| Author | : Sasikumar Arumugam |
| Publisher | : |
| Total Pages | : 0 |
| Release | : 2015 |
| Genre | : |
| ISBN | : |
Download Synthesis and Characterization of Novel Organic Semiconducting Materials for Organic Field Effect Transistors (OFETs) and Photovoltaics (OPVs) Book in PDF, ePub and Kindle
| Author | : Yang Yang |
| Publisher | : Springer |
| Total Pages | : 421 |
| Release | : 2015-02-17 |
| Genre | : Technology & Engineering |
| ISBN | : 3662455099 |
Download Progress in High-Efficient Solution Process Organic Photovoltaic Devices Book in PDF, ePub and Kindle
This book presents an important technique to process organic photovoltaic devices. The basics, materials aspects and manufacturing of photovoltaic devices with solution processing are explained. Solution processable organic solar cells - polymer or solution processable small molecules - have the potential to significantly reduce the costs for solar electricity and energy payback time due to the low material costs for the cells, low cost and fast fabrication processes (ambient, roll-to-roll), high material utilization etc. In addition, organic photovoltaics (OPV) also provides attractive properties like flexibility, colorful displays and transparency which could open new market opportunities. The material and device innovations lead to improved efficiency by 8% for organic photovoltaic solar cells, compared to 4% in 2005. Both academic and industry research have significant interest in the development of this technology. This book gives an overview of the booming technology, focusing on the solution process for organic solar cells and provides a state-of-the-art report of the latest developments. World class experts cover fundamental, materials, devices and manufacturing technology of OPV technology.
| Author | : Wolfgang Knoll |
| Publisher | : John Wiley & Sons |
| Total Pages | : 1107 |
| Release | : 2013-02-12 |
| Genre | : Science |
| ISBN | : 3527638490 |
Download Functional Polymer Films, 2 Volume Set Book in PDF, ePub and Kindle
Very thin film materials have emerged as a highly interesting and useful quasi 2D-state functionality. They have given rise to numerous applications ranging from protective and smart coatings to electronics, sensors and display technology as well as serving biological, analytical and medical purposes. The tailoring of polymer film properties and functions has become a major research field. As opposed to the traditional treatise on polymer and resin-based coatings, this one-stop reference is the first to give readers a comprehensive view of the latest macromolecular and supramolecular film-based nanotechnology. Bringing together all the important facets and state-of-the-art research, the two well-structured volumes cover film assembly and depostion, functionality and patterning, and analysis and characterization. The result is an in-depth understanding of the phenomena, ordering, scale effects, fabrication, and analysis of polymer ultrathin films. This book will be a valuable addition for Materials Scientists, Polymer Chemists, Surface Scientists, Bioengineers, Coatings Specialists, Chemical Engineers, and Scientists working in this important research field and industry.
| Author | : Athanasius Justin Manji |
| Publisher | : |
| Total Pages | : 318 |
| Release | : 2012 |
| Genre | : |
| ISBN | : |
Download Design, Synthesis and Characterization of Novel Low Band Gap Conjugated Polymers for Use in Bulk Heterojunction Photovoltaic Solar Cells Book in PDF, ePub and Kindle
This work details the synthesis of a functionalised all-donor polymer, poly(3- hexylthioacetate thiophene) (P3HTT) [42] along with four new donor-acceptor (D-A) copolymers. Two of the four copolymers are based on fluorene (F) and carbazole (C) as electron donors copolymerised with DEBT to give, PFDEBT [62] and PCDEBT [63] respectively, while the other two are based on the same electron donors, but copolymerised with DES to give PFDES [64] and PCDES [65] respectively. All the polymers exhibited good solubility in common organic solvents and good thermal stability. The spectrophotometry analysis of polymer [42] in chloroform showed that it emits in the green region with 26% photoluminescence quantum yield (PL I". The optical response of copolymers [62] and [63] in chloroform solution and thin films are similar; both have two broad absorption bands with peaks at short and long wavelengths which are within comparable range. In addition, both emit in the deep red region of the emission spectrum and have similar PL values of 55 % and 51 % respectively. The electrochemical responses of the polymers were measured using cyclic voltammetry. The results obtained for polymer [42] were different from what was expected; its band-gap was similar to that of P3HT and its energy levels were elevated. In contrast, the band-gaps of the copolymers were tuned in the range of 1.47 to 1.65 eV The results showed that the acceptor units have exhibited the same effect of band-gap lowering in the two sets of the copolymers, for instance, the LUMO energy level of copolymers [62] and [63] is - 3.32 eV and those of copolymers [64] and [65] is - 3.57 eV Conversely, different effect was observed in the values of the HOMO energy levels, for example, the values for [62] and [64] which contain the same donor (fluorene) are - 4.86 and - 5.07 eV respectively; while those of copolymers [63] and [65] composed of carbazole are - 4.97 and - 5.04 eV respectively. This may suggest that the acceptor unit reduced the band-gap by lowering the LUMO energy level but at the same time elevated the HOMO energy level probably due to the presence of EDOT.
