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Reopening K-12 Schools During the COVID-19 Pandemic

Reopening K-12 Schools During the COVID-19 Pandemic
Author: National Academies of Sciences, Engineering, and Medicine
Publisher: National Academies Press
Total Pages: 115
Release: 2020-11-08
Genre: Education
ISBN: 0309680077

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The COVID-19 pandemic has presented unprecedented challenges to the nation's K-12 education system. The rush to slow the spread of the virus led to closures of schools across the country, with little time to ensure continuity of instruction or to create a framework for deciding when and how to reopen schools. States, districts, and schools are now grappling with the complex and high-stakes questions of whether to reopen school buildings and how to operate them safely if they do reopen. These decisions need to be informed by the most up-to-date evidence about the SARS-CoV-2 virus that causes COVID-19; about the impacts of school closures on students and families; and about the complexities of operating school buildings as the pandemic persists. Reopening K-12 Schools During the COVID-19 Pandemic: Prioritizing Health, Equity, and Communities provides guidance on the reopening and operation of elementary and secondary schools for the 2020-2021 school year. The recommendations of this report are designed to help districts and schools successfully navigate the complex decisions around reopening school buildings, keeping them open, and operating them safely.


Covid-19

Covid-19
Author: Debora Mackenzie
Publisher: Bridge Street Press
Total Pages: 384
Release: 2021-09-07
Genre: Health & Fitness
ISBN: 9780349128375

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Molecular Biology of the SARS-Coronavirus

Molecular Biology of the SARS-Coronavirus
Author: Sunil K. Lal
Publisher: Springer Science & Business Media
Total Pages: 330
Release: 2010-03-10
Genre: Science
ISBN: 364203683X

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SARS was the ?rst new plague of the twenty-?rst century. Within months, it spread worldwide from its “birthplace” in Guangdong Province, China, affecting over 8,000 people in 25 countries and territories across ?ve continents. SARS exposed the vulnerability of our modern globalised world to the spread of a new emerging infection. SARS (or a similar new emerging disease) could neither have spread so rapidly nor had such a great global impact even 50 years ago, and arguably, it was itself a product of our global inter-connectedness. Increasing af?uence and a demand for wild-game as exotic food led to the development of large trade of live animal and game animal markets where many species of wild and domestic animals were co-housed, providing the ideal opportunities for inter-species tra- mission of viruses and other microbes. Once such a virus jumped species and attacked humans, the increased human mobility allowed the virus the opportunity for rapid spread. An infected patient from Guangdong who stayed for one day at a hotel in Hong Kong led to the transmission of the disease to 16 other guests who travelled on to seed outbreaks of the disease in Toronto, Singapore, and Vietnam, as well as within Hong Kong itself. The virus exploited the practices used in modern intensive care of patients with severe respiratory disease and the weakness in infection control practices within our health care systems to cause outbreaks within hospitals, further amplifying the spread of the disease. Health-care itself has become a two-edged sword.


Impact of Covid-19 on the Careers of Women in Academic Sciences, Engineering, and Medicine

Impact of Covid-19 on the Careers of Women in Academic Sciences, Engineering, and Medicine
Author: National Academies Of Sciences Engineeri
Publisher: National Academies Press
Total Pages:
Release: 2021-12-09
Genre: Political Science
ISBN: 9780309268370

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The spring of 2020 marked a change in how almost everyone conducted their personal and professional lives, both within science, technology, engineering, mathematics, and medicine (STEMM) and beyond. The COVID-19 pandemic disrupted global scientific conferences and individual laboratories and required people to find space in their homes from which to work. It blurred the boundaries between work and non-work, infusing ambiguity into everyday activities. While adaptations that allowed people to connect became more common, the evidence available at the end of 2020 suggests that the disruptions caused by the COVID-19 pandemic endangered the engagement, experience, and retention of women in academic STEMM, and may roll back some of the achievement gains made by women in the academy to date. Impact of COVID-19 on the Careers of Women in Academic STEMM identifies, names, and documents how the COVID-19 pandemic disrupted the careers of women in academic STEMM during the initial 9-month period since March 2020 and considers how these disruptions - both positive and negative - might shape future progress for women. This publication builds on the 2020 report Promising Practices for Addressing the Underrepresentation of Women in Science, Engineering, and Medicine to develop a comprehensive understanding of the nuanced ways these disruptions have manifested. Impact of COVID-19 on the Careers of Women in Academic STEMM will inform the academic community as it emerges from the pandemic to mitigate any long-term negative consequences for the continued advancement of women in the academic STEMM workforce and build on the adaptations and opportunities that have emerged.


Learning from SARS

Learning from SARS
Author: Institute of Medicine
Publisher: National Academies Press
Total Pages: 376
Release: 2004-04-26
Genre: Medical
ISBN: 0309182158

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The emergence of severe acute respiratory syndrome (SARS) in late 2002 and 2003 challenged the global public health community to confront a novel epidemic that spread rapidly from its origins in southern China until it had reached more than 25 other countries within a matter of months. In addition to the number of patients infected with the SARS virus, the disease had profound economic and political repercussions in many of the affected regions. Recent reports of isolated new SARS cases and a fear that the disease could reemerge and spread have put public health officials on high alert for any indications of possible new outbreaks. This report examines the response to SARS by public health systems in individual countries, the biology of the SARS coronavirus and related coronaviruses in animals, the economic and political fallout of the SARS epidemic, quarantine law and other public health measures that apply to combating infectious diseases, and the role of international organizations and scientific cooperation in halting the spread of SARS. The report provides an illuminating survey of findings from the epidemic, along with an assessment of what might be needed in order to contain any future outbreaks of SARS or other emerging infections.


Understanding Coronavirus

Understanding Coronavirus
Author: Raul Rabadan
Publisher: Cambridge University Press
Total Pages: 167
Release: 2021-10-14
Genre: Science
ISBN: 1009086650

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Since the identification of the first cases of the coronavirus in December 2019, there has been a significant amount of confusion regarding the origin and spread of the so-called 'coronavirus', SARS-CoV-2, and the cause of the disease COVID-19. Conflicting messages from the media and officials across different countries and organizations, the abundance of disparate sources of information, unfounded conspiracy theories on the origins of the virus, unproven therapies, and inconsistent public health measures, have all served to increase anxiety in the population. Where did the virus come from? How is it transmitted? How does it cause disease? Is it like flu? What is a pandemic? In this concise and accessible introduction, a leading expert provides answers to these commonly asked questions. This revised and updated edition now also covers how the virus mutates, how important these mutations are, how vaccines work, and what we can expect in the near and long-term future.


COVID-19: Overview, Economic Implications and Federal Response

COVID-19: Overview, Economic Implications and Federal Response
Author: Anton A. Jensen
Publisher: Nova Snova
Total Pages: 297
Release: 2020-05-06
Genre: COVID-19 (Disease)
ISBN: 9781536179958

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On December 31, 2019, the World Health Organization (WHO) was informed of a cluster of pneumonia cases in Wuhan City, Hubei Province of China. Illnesses have since been linked to a disease caused by a previously unidentified strain of coronavirus, designated Coronavirus Disease 2019, or COVID-19. The disease has spread to other countries, including the United States. On March 11, the WHO announced that the outbreak was officially a pandemic, the highest level of health emergency and has led to tens of thousands of cases and thousands of deaths worldwide. This book discusses a wide variety of topics related to the outbreak including: selected actions taken by the U.S. federal government to quell the introduction and spread of COVID-19 in the United States, economic implications and government assistance.


Primary and Secondary Education During Covid-19

Primary and Secondary Education During Covid-19
Author: Fernando M. Reimers
Publisher: Springer Nature
Total Pages: 467
Release: 2021-09-14
Genre: Education
ISBN: 3030815005

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This open access edited volume is a comparative effort to discern the short-term educational impact of the covid-19 pandemic on students, teachers and systems in Brazil, Chile, Finland, Japan, Mexico, Norway, Portugal, Russia, Singapore, Spain, South Africa, the United Kingdom and the United States. One of the first academic comparative studies of the educational impact of the pandemic, the book explains how the interruption of in person instruction and the variable efficacy of alternative forms of education caused learning loss and disengagement with learning, especially for disadvantaged students. Other direct and indirect impacts of the pandemic diminished the ability of families to support children and youth in their education. For students, as well as for teachers and school staff, these included the economic shocks experienced by families, in some cases leading to food insecurity and in many more causing stress and anxiety and impacting mental health. Opportunity to learn was also diminished by the shocks and trauma experienced by those with a close relative infected by the virus, and by the constrains on learning resulting from students having to learn at home, where the demands of schoolwork had to be negotiated with other family necessities, often sharing limited space. Furthermore, the prolonged stress caused by the uncertainty over the resolution of the pandemic and resulting from the knowledge that anyone could be infected and potentially lose their lives, created a traumatic context for many that undermined the necessary focus and dedication to schoolwork. These individual effects were reinforced by community effects, particularly for students and teachers living in communities where the multifaceted negative impacts resulting from the pandemic were pervasive. This is an open access book.


Summary of Covid 19

Summary of Covid 19
Author: Alexander Cooper
Publisher: BookSummaryGr
Total Pages: 41
Release: 2021-09-11
Genre: Business & Economics
ISBN:

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Summary of Covid 19 - The Great Reset - A Comprehensive Summary COVID-19: The Great Reset by Klaus Schwab and Thierry Malleret begins with a reflection on how COVID-19 has triggered a worldwide crisis, not just through the tragic loss of life that it has incurred, but also to economic systems and the vulnerability of human life itself. It has caused, above everything, a global existential crisis that is likely to impact life as we know it forever. Despite our most fervent hopes, we will not return to normal, as we know it, whatever our beliefs and concerns about the draconian measures employed to keep the virus contained. Things will necessarily change, whether we want them to or not. However, the authors add a note of caution when it comes to discussions about what might happen and what will happen as the world reopens. Many of the changes and movements already in place, for better or worse, will have been exacerbated by the pandemic, and divisions that were but fissures before may now open up to great chasms. The chapter goes on to look at the role of pandemics and viruses in the history of the world. To put it in perspective: viruses have been on the earth for at least 300 million years, whereas humans have only been here for a fraction of that time, about 200,000 years. It is hardly surprising to find that an era without a pandemic is something of an anomaly, and the authors point to the diseases that have ravaged the world and shaped recorded human history. They look at the Plague of Justinian in the 6th century, the Black Death, and the germs that obliterated the Aztecs and the Incas when introduced by the European settlers. Even some of the terminology around, how we treat and control viruses comes from treasured sacred texts: 'quarantine,' for instance, comes from the Italian 40, referring to the 40 days of purification during the biblical flood. Viruses have caused suspicion and death, too, such as the case of the massacre of 1000 Jews in Strasbourg in 1349, which were believed by some to be causing the spread of plague. But though many are keen to build a comparison with viruses of the past, the truth is that what we face now is unprecedented. For one thing, the world is more interconnected than it has ever been before, which is at once a blessing and a curse. A blessing because we have the might of all the world's best medical research at our disposal, and a curse because the nature of this globalized world means it is easier than ever before to spread such viruses. As a species, we must harness the strengths of a globalized world to rebuild it in a way that can defend itself against the ever-present threat of global viruses. In doing so, we can rebuild in a way that allows the most vulnerable to thrive and create new systems to be more resilient against the ravages of nature. The introduction concludes by explaining that the role of this book is to shed light on some of the theories and ideas about what is likely to happen following the pandemic, and, in some cases, what perhaps should happen if we are to navigate our way through the new normal in a post-COVID world. Here is a Preview of What You Will Get: ⁃ A Full Book Summary ⁃ An Analysis ⁃ Fun quizzes ⁃ Quiz Answers ⁃ Etc Get a copy of this summary and learn about the book.


COVID-19: Diagnosis and Management-Part II

COVID-19: Diagnosis and Management-Part II
Author: Neeraj Mittal
Publisher: Bentham Science Publishers
Total Pages: 225
Release: 2021-06-28
Genre: Medical
ISBN: 168108807X

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The coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) outbreak has spread throughout the globe and much time has passed since it was declared as a pandemic by the World Health Organization (WHO). COVID-19: Diagnosis and Management provides clinicians and scholars all the information on this disease in 2 volumes. Readers will find a concise and visual reference for this viral disease and will be equipped with the knowledge to assess and manage Sar-Cov-2 infection cases in clinical settings. This book is divided into two parts (I and II). Part I provides comprehensive information about 1) History of Coronaviruses, 2) Epidemiology of COVID-19, 3) Clinical presentation of this viral disease and 4) COVID-19 diagnosis. Part II covers broader topics about this communicable disease including 1) the prevention and treatment methodology, 2) mortality and long-term complications, 3) COVID-19 vaccines and future perspectives. Key Features: Covers all the aspects of COVID-19 making this a perfect textbook for virology and medical students. Chapter wise description and segregation of topics from pathophysiology to diagnosis and management of COVID-19. Six chapters in the first part which focus on clinical basics of COVID-19. Six chapters in the second part which cover broader topics for practical infection control. Multiple tables and figures which summarize and highlight important points. Presents a summary of the current standards for the evaluation and diagnosis of COVID-19. Features a detailed list of references, abbreviations, and symbols. This book is an essential textbook reference for medical students, scientists (virologists, pulmonologists) and public health officials who are required to understand COVDI-19 diagnosis and management as part of their clinical training or professional work.