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Soda Politics

Soda Politics
Author: Marion Nestle
Publisher: Oxford University Press
Total Pages: 352
Release: 2015-09-07
Genre: Medical
ISBN: 0190263458

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Sodas are astonishing products. Little more than flavored sugar-water, these drinks cost practically nothing to produce or buy, yet have turned their makers--principally Coca-Cola and PepsiCo--into a multibillion-dollar industry with global recognition, distribution, and political power. Billed as "refreshing," "tasty," "crisp," and "the real thing," sodas also happen to be so well established to contribute to poor dental hygiene, higher calorie intake, obesity, and type-2 diabetes that the first line of defense against any of these conditions is to simply stop drinking them. Habitually drinking large volumes of soda not only harms individual health, but also burdens societies with runaway healthcare costs. So how did products containing absurdly inexpensive ingredients become multibillion dollar industries and international brand icons, while also having a devastating impact on public health? In Soda Politics, the 2016 James Beard Award for Writing & Literature Winner, Dr. Marion Nestle answers this question by detailing all of the ways that the soft drink industry works overtime to make drinking soda as common and accepted as drinking water, for adults and children. Dr. Nestle, a renowned food and nutrition policy expert and public health advocate, shows how sodas are principally miracles of advertising; Coca-Cola and PepsiCo spend billions of dollars each year to promote their sale to children, minorities, and low-income populations, in developing as well as industrialized nations. And once they have stimulated that demand, they leave no stone unturned to protect profits. That includes lobbying to prevent any measures that would discourage soda sales, strategically donating money to health organizations and researchers who can make the science about sodas appear confusing, and engaging in Corporate Social Responsibility (CSR) activities to create goodwill and silence critics. Soda Politics follows the money trail wherever it leads, revealing how hard Big Soda works to sell as much of their products as possible to an increasingly obese world. But Soda Politics does more than just diagnose a problem--it encourages readers to help find solutions. From Berkeley to Mexico City and beyond, advocates are successfully countering the relentless marketing, promotion, and political protection of sugary drinks. And their actions are having an impact--for all of the hardball and softball tactics the soft drink industry employs to maintain the status quo, soda consumption has been flat or falling for years. Health advocacy campaigns are now the single greatest threat to soda companies' profits. Soda Politics provides readers with the tools they need to keep up pressure on Big Soda in order to build healthier and more sustainable food systems.


Taxing Soda for Public Health

Taxing Soda for Public Health
Author: Yann Le Bodo
Publisher: Springer
Total Pages: 253
Release: 2016-08-17
Genre: Medical
ISBN: 3319336487

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This timely reference analyzes the rationale, impact, and feasibility of taxation of sugar-sweetened beverages (SSBs) as a public health measure to contribute curbing obesity and diabetes rates, specifically in Canada. It presents the pros and cons of taxing soda, with the latest data on adverse health effects of its consumption, plus the various business and political issues surrounding the contentious proposition. Reviewed research is multidisciplinary, spanning health and medicine to ethics, economics, and law. Conclusions and caveats are clear and presented at a comfort level for the general reader. The result is a blueprint for analyzing the relevancy of taxes on sweetened soft drinks or other low-nutrition food products, plus a trove of valuable insights into aspects of government decision-making and consumer food behavior. Included in the coverage: · Reasons for specifically targeting SSBs · SSB taxation as a public health policy instrument · Effects of SSB taxation on energy intakes and population health · Potential undesirable effects relating to SSB taxation · Social and political acceptability of SSB taxation · Evaluability of SSB taxation Taxing Soda for Public Health will interest policymakers, public health professionals, advocacy groups, and researchers at the Canadian and international levels (e.g., in areas such as public health, nutrition, food and health policies, health economics, and evaluation), as well as students and all other parties interested in nutrition policies.


Sugar-Sweetened Beverage Taxation in the Region of the Americas

Sugar-Sweetened Beverage Taxation in the Region of the Americas
Author: Global Health Advocacy Incubator
Publisher:
Total Pages: 64
Release: 2021-02-09
Genre: Medical
ISBN: 9789275122990

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Sugar-sweetened beverage excise taxes are an effective evidence-based noncommunicable diseases (NCD) prevention policy. Along with tobacco and alcohol excise taxes, they are a tool to attain the Sustainable Development Goals, and are recommended by the World Health Organization to modify behavioral risk factors associated with obesity and NCDs, as featured in the WHO Global Action Plan. Taxes on sugar-sweetened beverages have been described as a triple win for governments, because they 1) improuve population health, 2) generate revenue, and 3) have the potential to reduce long-term associated healthcare costs and productivity losses. Taxation of sugar-sweetened beverages has been implemented in more than 73 countries worldwide. In the Region of the Americas, 21 PAHO/WHO Member States apply national-level excise taxes on sugar-sweetened beverages and seven jurisdictions apply local sugar-sweetened beverage taxes in the United States of America. While the number of countries applying national excise taxes on sugar-sweetened beverages in the Region is promising, most of these taxes could be further leveraged to improve their impact on sugar-sweetened beverages consumption and health. This publication provides economic concepts related to the economic rationale for using sugar-sweetened beverage taxes and the costs associated with obesity; key considerations on tax design including tax types, bases, and rates; an overview of potential tax revenue and earmarking; evidence on the extent to which these taxes are expected to impact prices of taxed beverages, the demand for taxed beverages, and substitution to untaxed beverages; and responses to frequent questions about the economic impacts of sugar-sweetened beverage taxation.


Action for health taxes from policy development to implementation

Action for health taxes from policy development to implementation
Author: World Health Organization
Publisher: World Health Organization
Total Pages: 48
Release: 2024-08-20
Genre: Medical
ISBN: 9240098674

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This document supports policymakers and other stakeholders to implement SSB taxes more effectively, with a focus on the political economy of SSB taxation and on how policy processes are shaped at a national level


WHO manual on sugar-sweetened beverage taxation policies to promote healthy diets

WHO manual on sugar-sweetened beverage taxation policies to promote healthy diets
Author: World Health Organization
Publisher: World Health Organization
Total Pages: 134
Release: 2022-12-13
Genre: Medical
ISBN: 9240056297

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As the number of countries taxing SSBs increases, the available and emerging empirical evidence indicates that SSB taxation can be an effective lever for promoting healthier diets and improving population health. This guide is designed to support health and finance ministries in the growing number of countries that are exploring the use of SSB taxation to promote healthy diets, advance population health and improve societal welfare. Specifically, this manual is designed to (1) explain key economic concepts related to SSB taxation for public health personnel and SSB tax advocates to aid effective discussions and negotiations with financial officers and (2) provide finance ministry and health ministry officials with appropriate national-level examples in the implementation of SSB excise taxes, along with key considerations and strategies for effective SSB tax policy development, design, implementation and administration.


Sugar-Sweetened Beverage Taxes and Public Health

Sugar-Sweetened Beverage Taxes and Public Health
Author:
Publisher:
Total Pages: 0
Release: 2009
Genre:
ISBN:

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Obesity rates among U.S. children, adolescents and adults have increased dramatically over the past four decades. Today, nearly one-third of all children and adolescents in the countryâ€"more than 23 millionâ€"are overweight or obese, and are therefore at greater risk for heart disease, type 2 diabetes and a host of other serious diseases. Rising obesity rates have motivated policy-makers to implement policies that can improve access to affordable, healthy foods and increase opportunities for physical activity in schools and communities across the country. In the past decade, states and localities also have begun to consider taxing sugar-sweetened beverages (SSBs)â€"including sodas, sports drinks, sweetened tea, fruit drinks and punches, and other sweetened beveragesâ€"in order to generate revenue, reduce consumption of unhealthy beverages and promote public health. Research has shown that relatively large increases in taxes on cigarettes and other tobacco products are the single most effective policy approach to reducing tobacco use. Additionally, dedicating a portion of the revenues gained from such taxes to comprehensive tobacco control programs has led to further reductions in tobacco use among youth and adults. Although there are many significant differences between tobacco and SSBs, the tobacco example provides a model for how taxes can be used to promote public health. Emerging studies suggest that small taxes on SSBs are unlikely to affect obesity rates, but they can generate revenue that states can invest in improving public health. In addition, while there is only limited research on the impact of taxes on SSB consumption rates and related weight outcomes, existing research on the impact of prices on food-purchasing behaviors in general suggests that substantive taxes on SSBs could significantly affect consumption patterns and thereby have an impact on overweight and obesity rates. This brief provides an overview of the current research on the health impacts of SSB consumption, how food and beverage prices affect consumption and related weight outcomes, and the potential impact of both large and small SSB taxes.


The Potential Impact of Sugar‐sweetened Beverage Taxes in New York State

The Potential Impact of Sugar‐sweetened Beverage Taxes in New York State
Author: Y. Claire Wang
Publisher:
Total Pages: 39
Release: 2010
Genre:
ISBN:

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The increasing consumption of sugar‐sweetened beverages (SSBs), including soda, fruit punches, sweetened tea, sports drinks, energy drinks and all other beverages with added caloric sweeteners, has been linked to increases in obesity and several chronic diseases, most notably type 2 diabetes. In the face of a dual epidemic of obesity and diabetes, the Institute of Medicine (IOM) recently advocated fiscal policies and local ordinances as a possible strategy to discourage the consumption of foods and beverages such as SSBs that are high in calories but low in nutritional value. In addition to existing sales taxes levied in several states, public health experts have proposed an excise tax on these beverages to further discourage consumption of these "empty calories". This report evaluates the potential economic and health impact of a hypothetical penny‐an‐ounce tax for New York State. We estimate that the proposed tax has the potential to result in a 20‐25% increase in SSB prices in retail outlets and a 15‐20% reduction in the overall consumption of these beverages among New York State residents. From a health perspective, the expected reduction in SSB consumption could potentially prevent ~37,400 diabetes cases within the next decade, saving approximately $1.2 billion dollars in medical costs. In addition, the tax could potentially prevent 145,000 adults from becoming obese, translating into $2.1 billion dollars of direct savings from medical expenditure attributable to obesity. The health benefit and medical savings are larger among African Americans and Hispanics than among non‐Hispanic Whites. Lower income individuals are expected to accrue a disproportionally larger share of the health benefit. An excise tax will also generate tax revenue close to $1 billion each year for the State, a significant fiscal resource that could be used to support education programs and infrastructure designed to promote healthy eating and active living for the New York State population.


Sugar-sweetened Beverage Taxes and Public Health

Sugar-sweetened Beverage Taxes and Public Health
Author:
Publisher:
Total Pages: 8
Release: 2009
Genre:
ISBN:

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Obesity rates among U.S. children, adolescents and adults have increased dramatically over the past four decades. Today, nearly one-third of all children and adolescents in the country--more than 23 million--are overweight or obese, and are therefore at greater risk for heart disease, type 2 diabetes and a host of other serious diseases. Rising obesity rates have motivated policymakers to implement policies that can improve access to affordable, healthy foods and increase opportunities for physical activity in schools and communities across the country.


Sugar Taxes: An Economy-Wide Assessment The Case of Guatemala

Sugar Taxes: An Economy-Wide Assessment The Case of Guatemala
Author: Valeria Piñeiro
Publisher: Intl Food Policy Res Inst
Total Pages: 26
Release: 2019-09-18
Genre: Political Science
ISBN:

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This study presents an economy-wide analysis for Guatemala, considering several tax options on sugar and SSB and then tracing their differentiated general economic effects. We focus on Guatemala, considering the increasing health burden imposed by obesity and the fact that it is also an important sugar producer and exporter. In the next section we describe the general conditions for sugar production and consumption in Guatemala. We then describe the economy-wide model utilized, the modeled scenarios, and finally, the results of the simulations before concluding.


The Expressive Powers of Law

The Expressive Powers of Law
Author: Richard H. McAdams
Publisher: Harvard University Press
Total Pages: 335
Release: 2015-02-09
Genre: Law
ISBN: 0674967208

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When asked why people obey the law, legal scholars usually give two answers. Law deters illicit activities by specifying sanctions, and it possesses legitimate authority in the eyes of society. Richard McAdams shifts the prism on this familiar question to offer another compelling explanation of how the law creates compliance: through its expressive power to coordinate our behavior and inform our beliefs. “McAdams’s account is useful, powerful, and—a rarity in legal theory—concrete...McAdams’s treatment reveals important insights into how rational agents reason and interact both with one another and with the law. The Expressive Powers of Law is a valuable contribution to our understanding of these interactions.” —Harvard Law Review “McAdams’s analysis widening the perspective of our understanding of why people comply with the law should be welcomed by those interested either in the nature of law, the function of law, or both...McAdams shows how law sometimes works by a power of suggestion. His varied examples are fascinating for their capacity both to demonstrate and to show the limits of law’s expressive power.” —Patrick McKinley Brennan, Review of Metaphysics