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Studies of Synthetic Molecular Motors

Studies of Synthetic Molecular Motors
Author: Laleh Samii
Publisher:
Total Pages: 342
Release: 2013
Genre: Biophysics
ISBN:

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To better understand the underlying principles by which biological motors operate, recent work has focused both on understanding their operational principles, and on designing new molecular motors ab initio. Here, by studying and designing motors which use Brownian motion and track asymmetry to bias the direction of motion, I gained insight into the underlying principles by which such motors operate. "Molecular spiders" [JACS. 128, 12693 (2006)] are one example of synthetic biomolecular walkers able to generate biased motion by coupling the chemical asymmetry arising from substrate binding and cleavage to bias their mechanical stepping.These DNA-based motors diffuse to their substrate track where productive binding between a molecular spider's DNAzyme leg and a ssDNA substrate facilitates cleavage of the substrate. Once cleaved, the decreased binding affinity between the DNAzyme and resulting product allows the motor to diffuse along the track and form new interactions with uncleaved substrate molecules. To investigate the origin of biased motion of molecular spiders, I have performed Monte Carlo simulations. Using my simulations, I also investigated their performance as molecular motors, and determined how to optimize their motor properties by modifying tunable experimental parameters in spider design. These studies assisted us in the design and construction of a novel protein-based synthetic motor, the "Lawnmower", which uses a burnt-bridges type of mechanism, the same as spiders, to autonomously and diffusively move forward. The lawnmower has trypsin proteases as blades, linked to a quantum dot hub, that interact with a one-dimensional peptide substrate track via binding to and cleavage of the substrates. Experimentally, it is confirmed with kinetic assays that our lawnmower is an active motor and that there are an average number of 8 blades on each motor. I also outlined the synthesis and characterization of a highly modified DNA-peptide construct, which acts as the track for the lawnmower. For this, I employed PCR to generate a densely labeled DNA and click chemistry for peptide conjugation to the functionalized DNA. As an additional motors-related project, I present the synthesis of a long one-dimensional DNA track with periodically repeating elements that provide specific binding sites for the "Tumbleweed" molecular motor.


Single Molecular Machines and Motors

Single Molecular Machines and Motors
Author: Christian Joachim
Publisher: Springer
Total Pages: 200
Release: 2015-01-17
Genre: Science
ISBN: 3319138723

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Single Molecular Machines and Motors brings together different approaches and strategies to design, synthesize and study single molecular machines and motors in a multidisciplinary way. Written by leading international experts, this book summarizes the advances in the field through a number of disciplines. Some contributions describe molecular chemistry such as organic, aromatics, and coordination chemistry while others address theoretical chemistry in a predictive way or through post-experimental modelling. Experimental physics with extensive use of scanning probe microscopy (STM and AFM) is discussed for examining one single molecule. This book is aimed at those who are interested in the rapidly growing field of molecular machines and motors acting and studied at the single-molecule scale. The goal of the authors and editors is to provide the reader with an up-to-date summary while also offering future perspectives on the field.


Molecular Machines and Motors

Molecular Machines and Motors
Author: J.-P. Sauvage
Publisher: Springer Science & Business Media
Total Pages: 308
Release: 2001-07-03
Genre: Science
ISBN: 3540413820

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This series presents critical reviews of the present position and future trends in modern chemical research. It consists of short and concise reports on chemistry, each written by the world’s renowned experts, and still valid and useful after 5 or 10 years.


Molecular Biology of The Cell

Molecular Biology of The Cell
Author: Bruce Alberts
Publisher:
Total Pages: 0
Release: 2002
Genre: Cytology
ISBN: 9780815332183

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Molecular Machines and Motors

Molecular Machines and Motors
Author: Alberto Credi
Publisher: Springer
Total Pages: 350
Release: 2014-09-02
Genre: Science
ISBN: 3319086782

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The cutting-edge advances in this research field are nicely pictured in the chapters of this volume. They come from world’s leading laboratories engaged in the development of molecular machines and are authored by some of the most respected scientists in the field. This volume shows, on the one hand, the level of ingenuity and technical capability reached in the construction of artificial nanomachines roughly two decades after their inception. On the other hand, it conveys the excitement about the enormous opportunities as well as the challenges this research area presents, as the interest of researchers is shifting from ensemble to single-molecule measurements and from homogeneous to heterogeneous environments. Indeed, as Feynman said “when we have some control of the arrangement of things on a molecular scale, we will get an enormously greater range of possible properties that substances can have.” Although the answer to the “when” question is not easy to find, there is no doubt that artificial molecular machines and motors will lead to a wide variety of applications which we cannot even envisage today. The Nobel Prize in Chemistry 2016 was awarded jointly to Jean-Pierre Sauvage, Sir J. Fraser Stoddart and Bernard L. Feringa "for the design and synthesis of molecular machines". Both Jean-Pierre Sauvage and Bernard L. Feringa contributed to this volume. The goal of each thematic volume in this series is to give the non-specialist reader, whether in academia or industry, a comprehensive insight into an area where new research is emerging which is of interest to a larger scientific audience. Each review within the volume critically surveys one aspect of that topic and places it within the context of the volume as a whole. The most significant developments of the last 5 to 10 years are presented using selected examples to illustrate the principles discussed. The coverage is not intended to be an exhaustive summary of the field or include large quantities of data, but should rather be conceptual, concentrating on the methodological thinking that will allow the non-specialist reader to understand the information presented. Contributions also offer an outlook on potential future developments in the field. Review articles for the individual volumes are invited by the volume editors. Readership: research chemists at universities or in industry, graduate students.


Molecular Motors in Bionanotechnology

Molecular Motors in Bionanotechnology
Author: Keith Firman
Publisher: CRC Press
Total Pages: 214
Release: 2013-03-18
Genre: Medical
ISBN: 9814267023

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Biological molecular motors provide most cells with the dynamic systems required for their day-to-day existence. Examples occur in even the simplest organism (e.g. a bacteria virus), and the range of tasks that they carry out is vast. Over the last few years, there has been a large increase in the study of these motors, and it is becoming apparent that many motors will find uses in either bionanotechnology or synthetic biology. Molecular Motors in Bionanotechnology describes a wide range of molecular motors, ranging from chemical motors to biological motors, in a manner that updates, or reviews, both classification of the type of motor and the grouping into families. Many techniques have evolved to study and characterise molecular motors at the single-molecule level (e.g. use of molecular tweezer devices for single-molecule studies). The text introduces the reader to the concepts and benefits of these techniques. In addition, it looks at the structural information and how this helps understand function and, finally, how some of these motors are being used or may be used in the future as part of a synthetic biology approach to building devices and sensors.


Motor Proteins and Molecular Motors

Motor Proteins and Molecular Motors
Author: Anatoly B. Kolomeisky
Publisher: CRC Press
Total Pages: 221
Release: 2015-05-21
Genre: Medical
ISBN: 1482224763

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A Unified Microscopic Approach to Analyzing Complex Processes in Molecular MotorsMotor Proteins and Molecular Motors explores the mechanisms of cellular functioning associated with several specific enzymatic molecules called motor proteins. Motor proteins, also known as molecular motors, play important roles in living systems by supporting cellular


Molecular Switches

Molecular Switches
Author: Ben L. Feringa
Publisher: John Wiley & Sons
Total Pages: 814
Release: 2011-08-04
Genre: Science
ISBN: 352763441X

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Täglich benutzen wir Schalter, um strombetriebene Geräte an- und abzuschalten und kein Compuer würde ohne sie funktionieren. Nach den gleichen Prinzipien funktionieren auch molekulare Schalter, die unter dem Einfluß ihrer Umwelt zwischen zwei definierten Zuständen wechseln können. Im Gegensatz zu den gewöhnlichen Schaltern sind molekulare Schalter aber außerordentlich klein und ihre Anwendung in der Nanotechnologie, Biomedizin und im Computerchipdesign öffnet neue Horizonte. Im vorliegenden Zweibänder berichten Herausgeber und Autoren über molekulare Schalter aus Katenanen und Rotaxanen, Fulgiden, Flüssigkristallen und Polypeptiden. Die Bandbreite der behandelten Themen reicht von chiroptischen Schaltern über multifunktionale Systeme bis hin zu molekularen logischen Schaltungen. Chemiker und Materialwissenschaftler in Industrie und Hochschule, die sich für einen der innovativsten Bereiche ihrer Wissenschaft interessieren, werden dieses Buch mit Gewinn lesen!


Out-of-Equilibrium (Supra)molecular Systems and Materials

Out-of-Equilibrium (Supra)molecular Systems and Materials
Author: Nicolas Giuseppone
Publisher: John Wiley & Sons
Total Pages: 448
Release: 2021-03-30
Genre: Science
ISBN: 3527821988

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A must-have resource that covers everything from out-of-equilibrium chemical systems and materials to dissipative self-assemblies Out-of-Equilibrium Supramolecular Systems and Materials presents a comprehensive overview of the synthetic approaches that use supramolecular bonds in various out-of-thermodynamic equilibrium situations. With contributions from noted experts on the topic, the text contains information on the design of dissipative self-assemblies that maintain their structures when fueled by an external source of energy. The contributors also examine molecules and nanoscale objects and materials that can produce mechanical work based on molecular machines. Additionally, the book explores non-equilibrium supramolecular polymers that can be trapped in kinetically stable states, as well as out-of-equilibrium chemical systems and oscillators that are important to understand the emergence of complex behaviors and, in particular, the origin of life. This important book: Offers comprehensive coverage of fields from design of dissipative self-assemblies to non-equilibrium supramolecular polymers Presents information on a highly emerging and interdisciplinary topic Includes contributions from internationally renowned scientists Written for chemists, physical chemists, biochemists, material scientists, Out-of-Equilibrium Supramolecular Systems and Materials is an indispensable resource written by top scientists in the field.


Molecular Devices and Machines

Molecular Devices and Machines
Author: Vincenzo Balzani
Publisher: John Wiley & Sons
Total Pages: 511
Release: 2006-03-06
Genre: Science
ISBN: 3527605347

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The miniaturization of bulky devices and machines is a process that confronts us on a daily basis. However, nanoscale machines with varied and novel characteristics may also result from the enlargement of extremely small building blocks, namely individual molecules. This bottom-up approach to nanotechnology is already being pursued in information technology, with many other branches about to follow. - Written by a team of experienced authors headed by Vincenzo Balzani, one of the pioneers in the development of molecular machines - Covers such diverse aspects as sensors, memory components, solar energy conversion, biomolecules as molecular machines, and much more - Presented in a lucid style and didactically structured, with both the expert and the newcomer in mind - Includes a glossary of terms and numerous references to the recent literature Be among the first to explore the fascinating possibilities of this future-oriented technology! A must-have for every chemist and materials scientist with an interest in nanotechnology.