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Strategies to Realize Never-before-synthesized Epitaxial Films

Strategies to Realize Never-before-synthesized Epitaxial Films
Author: Matthew R. Barone
Publisher:
Total Pages: 0
Release: 2022
Genre:
ISBN:

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Despite practical difficulty, epitaxial growth of phases with increasingly complex crystal structures has enabled advances in both condensed matter physics and in commercial applications. This progress has been enabled by creativity and systematic investigation to improve synthesis science. The hard work of my predecessors has exposed previously inaccessible material properties and brought materials previously reserved for university research to industrial production lines. In this thesis, I present my contributions to synthesis science by developing new strategies and techniques to realize first-of-their-kind oxide thin films using molecular-beam epitaxy.The first half of my thesis focuses on the synthesis science of Ruddlesden-Popper titanates with formula (ATiO3)nAO. I present my work to precisely control the interlayer distance in these layered Ruddlesden-Popper titanates (as well as other layered thin films) by developing an ex situ x-ray diffraction technique to quantitatively compute source fluxes and correct Ruddlsden-Popper synthesis recipes. The power of this technique is demonstrated by synthesis of a (ATiO3)20AO with 60% barium on the A-site. Subsequently, I elaborate on the novel in situ reflection high energy electron diffraction technique that I use to calibrate and guide growth of (ATiO3)20AO films and systematically study the influence of substrate temperature, epitaxial strain, and barium content on the crystal quality of the thin films. This thorough synthetic investigation provides a detailed roadmap for the future of research on these previously inaccessible phases. In the second half of my thesis, I focus on one of the greatest problems plaguing oxide electronics: the absence of a practical p-type conducting oxide. Through my work, I demonstrate the first epitaxial growth of a promising new p-type oxide candidate, Ta2SnO6. While I successfully synthesized the first ever epitaxial thin film of Ta2SnO6, I ultimately deduce that the generation of holes is compensated by the spontaneous formation of oxygen vacancies at MBE-compatible growth conditions. Although our doping attempts were unsuccessful, computations indicate that hole doping is possible within a range of synthetic conditions, encouraging further study by alternative techniques. I perform a thorough structural analysis of the first-ever epitaxial Ta2SnO6 films and enable the first measurement of the 2.4 eV bandgap of the candidate p-type oxide. This work on epitaxy of Ta2SnO6 provided the insight that enabled the first ever epitaxial synthesis of (110)-oriented SnO, an immense synthetic achievement as it is the first ever epitaxial synthesis of any 2D van der Waals crystal with the layers vertically aligned.


Handbook on Synthesis Strategies for Advanced Materials

Handbook on Synthesis Strategies for Advanced Materials
Author: A. K. Tyagi
Publisher: Springer Nature
Total Pages: 856
Release: 2022-01-04
Genre: Technology & Engineering
ISBN: 9811618038

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This book presents state-of-the-art coverage of synthesis of advanced functional materials. Unconventional synthetic routes play an important role in the synthesis of advanced materials as many new materials are metastable and cannot be synthesized by conventional methods. This book presents various synthesis methods such as conventional solid-state method, combustion method, a range of soft chemical methods, template synthesis, molecular precursor method, microwave synthesis, sono-chemical method and high-pressure synthesis. It provides a comprehensive overview of synthesis methods and covers a variety of materials, including ceramics, films, glass, carbon-based, and metallic materials. Many techniques for processing and surface functionalization are also discussed. Several engineering aspects of materials synthesis are also included. The contents of this book are useful for researchers and professionals working in the areas of materials and chemistry.


Thin Films: Heteroepitaxial Systems

Thin Films: Heteroepitaxial Systems
Author: Amy W K Liu
Publisher: World Scientific
Total Pages: 706
Release: 1999-06-01
Genre: Technology & Engineering
ISBN: 9814496405

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Heteroepitaxial films are commonplace among today's electronic and photonic devices. The realization of new and better devices relies on the refinement of epitaxial techniques and improved understanding of the physics underlying epitaxial growth. This book provides an up-to-date report on a wide range of materials systems. The first half reviews metallic and dielectric thin films, including chapters on metals, rare earths, metal-oxide layers, fluorides, and high-Tc superconductors. The second half covers semiconductor systems, reviewing developments in group-IV, arsenide, phosphide, antimonide, nitride, II-VI and IV-VI heteroepitaxy. Topics important to several systems are covered in chapters on atomic processes, ordering and growth dynamics.


Handbook of High-Temperature Superconductor

Handbook of High-Temperature Superconductor
Author: Neeraj Khare
Publisher: CRC Press
Total Pages: 448
Release: 2003-05-06
Genre: Technology & Engineering
ISBN: 0824755308

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Devoted to the preparation, characterization and evaluation of HTS electronic devices, this reference provides information on using high-Tc thin films and junctions to increase speed, lessen noise, lower power consumption and enhance upper frequency limits in superconductor electronics.


Spherical Nucleic Acids

Spherical Nucleic Acids
Author: Chad A. Mirkin
Publisher: CRC Press
Total Pages: 313
Release: 2021-10-14
Genre: Science
ISBN: 1000092585

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Spherical nucleic acids (SNAs) comprise a nanoparticle core, and a densely packed and highly oriented nucleic acid shell. They have novel structure-dependent properties that differ from those of linear nucleic acids and that makes them useful in chemistry, biology, the life sciences, medicine, materials science, and engineering. This book is a reprint volume that compiles 101 key papers that have been published by the Mirkin Group at Northwestern University, USA, and their collaborators over the past more than two decades. Volume 1 provides an overview and a historical framework of SNAs and discusses their enabling features, which set them apart from all other forms of matter. Volume 2 covers the general design rules for colloidal crystal engineering with DNA, spanning the building blocks and DNA- and RNA-based "programmable bonds" that can be utilized in preparing such structures. Volume 3 continues the discussion of colloidal crystallization processes and routes to hierarchical assembly, featuring dynamic nanoparticle superlattices and lattices prepared on surfaces or via templating strategies, and explores what one can uniquely learn from and do with colloidal crystals prepared from nucleic acid–functionalized nanomaterials in optics, plasmonics, and catalysis. Volume 4 covers the role of SNAs in biomedicine, especially as diagnostic probes both inside and outside of cells, and treatments based on gene regulation and immunotherapy.


Comprehensive Nanoscience and Technology

Comprehensive Nanoscience and Technology
Author:
Publisher: Academic Press
Total Pages: 2785
Release: 2010-10-29
Genre: Science
ISBN: 0123743966

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From the Introduction: Nanotechnology and its underpinning sciences are progressing with unprecedented rapidity. With technical advances in a variety of nanoscale fabrication and manipulation technologies, the whole topical area is maturing into a vibrant field that is generating new scientific research and a burgeoning range of commercial applications, with an annual market already at the trillion dollar threshold. The means of fabricating and controlling matter on the nanoscale afford striking and unprecedented opportunities to exploit a variety of exotic phenomena such as quantum, nanophotonic and nanoelectromechanical effects. Moreover, researchers are elucidating new perspectives on the electronic and optical properties of matter because of the way that nanoscale materials bridge the disparate theories describing molecules and bulk matter. Surface phenomena also gain a greatly increased significance; even the well-known link between chemical reactivity and surface-to-volume ratio becomes a major determinant of physical properties, when it operates over nanoscale dimensions. Against this background, this comprehensive work is designed to address the need for a dynamic, authoritative and readily accessible source of information, capturing the full breadth of the subject. Its six volumes, covering a broad spectrum of disciplines including material sciences, chemistry, physics and life sciences, have been written and edited by an outstanding team of international experts. Addressing an extensive, cross-disciplinary audience, each chapter aims to cover key developments in a scholarly, readable and critical style, providing an indispensible first point of entry to the literature for scientists and technologists from interdisciplinary fields. The work focuses on the major classes of nanomaterials in terms of their synthesis, structure and applications, reviewing nanomaterials and their respective technologies in well-structured and comprehensive articles with extensive cross-references. It has been a constant surprise and delight to have found, amongst the rapidly escalating number who work in nanoscience and technology, so many highly esteemed authors willing to contribute. Sharing our anticipation of a major addition to the literature, they have also captured the excitement of the field itself in each carefully crafted chapter. Along with our painstaking and meticulous volume editors, full credit for the success of this enterprise must go to these individuals, together with our thanks for (largely) adhering to the given deadlines. Lastly, we record our sincere thanks and appreciation for the skills and professionalism of the numerous Elsevier staff who have been involved in this project, notably Fiona Geraghty, Megan Palmer and Greg Harris, and especially Donna De Weerd-Wilson who has steered it through from its inception. We have greatly enjoyed working with them all, as we have with each other.


High-Entropy Materials

High-Entropy Materials
Author: Yong Zhang
Publisher: CRC Press
Total Pages: 164
Release: 2023-08-09
Genre: Technology & Engineering
ISBN: 1000912876

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Research in the field of high-entropy materials is advancing rapidly. High-Entropy Materials: Advances and Applications focuses on materials discovered using the high-entropy alloys (HEA) strategy. It discusses various types of high-entropy materials, such as face-centered cubic (FCC) and body-centered cubic (BCC) HEAs, films and coatings, fibers, and powders and hard-cemented carbides, along with current research status and applications: • Describes, compositions and processing of high-entropy materials. • Summarizes industrially valuable alloys found in high-entropy materials that hold promise for promotion and application. • Explains how high-entropy materials can be used in many fields and can outperform traditional materials. This book is aimed at researchers, advanced students, and academics in materials science and engineering and related disciplines.


Nanoscale Compound Semiconductors and their Optoelectronics Applications

Nanoscale Compound Semiconductors and their Optoelectronics Applications
Author: Vijay B. Pawade
Publisher: Woodhead Publishing
Total Pages: 461
Release: 2022-01-21
Genre: Technology & Engineering
ISBN: 0128240636

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Nanoscale Compound Semiconductors and their Optoelectronics Applications provides the basic and fundamental properties of nanoscale compound semiconductors and their role in modern technological products. The book discusses all important properties of this important category of materials such as their optical properties, size-dependent properties, and tunable properties. Key methods are reviewed, including synthesis techniques and characterization strategies. The role of compound semiconductors in the advancement of energy efficient optoelectronics and solar cell devices is also discussed. The book also touches on the photocatalytic property of the materials by doping with graphene oxides--an emerging and new pathway. Covers all relevant types of nanoscale compound semiconductors for optoelectronics, including their synthesis, properties and applications Provides historical context and review of emerging trends in semiconductor technology, particularly emphasizing advances in non-toxic semiconductor materials for green technologies Reviews emerging applications of nanoscale compound semiconductor-based devices in optoelectronics, energy and environmental sustainability


High-Performance Carbon-Based Optoelectronic Nanodevices

High-Performance Carbon-Based Optoelectronic Nanodevices
Author: Yanjie Su
Publisher: Springer Nature
Total Pages: 199
Release: 2021-09-15
Genre: Technology & Engineering
ISBN: 9811654972

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This book focuses on the photoelectric nanodevices based on carbon nanostructures, such as carbon nanotubes, graphene and related heterojunctions. The synthesis of carbon nanostructures and device fabrication are simply given. The interface charge transfer and the performance enhancement in the photodetectors and solar cells are comprehensively introduced. Importantly, carbon allotropes behave as high-mobility conductors or bandgap-tunable semiconductors depending on the atomic arrangements, the direct motivation is to fabricate all-carbon nanodevices using these carbon nanomaterials as building blocks. The photoelectric nanodevices based on all-carbon nanostructures have increasingly attracted attention in the future. The book offers a valuable reference guide to carbon-based photoelectric devices for researchers and graduate school students in the field. It will also benefit all researchers who investigate photoelectric nanodevices and photoelectric conversion with relevant frontier theories and concepts.