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| Author | : Mary Wareham |
| Publisher | : |
| Total Pages | : 55 |
| Release | : 2020 |
| Genre | : Autonomous robots |
| ISBN | : 9781623138424 |
Reviews the policies of the 97 countries that have publicly elaborated their views on killer robots since 2013.
| Author | : Bonnie Lynn Docherty |
| Publisher | : |
| Total Pages | : 49 |
| Release | : 2012 |
| Genre | : Autonomous robots |
| ISBN | : 9781564329646 |
"This 50-page report outlines concerns about these fully autonomous weapons, which would inherently lack human qualities that provide legal and non-legal checks on the killing of civilians. In addition, the obstacles to holding anyone accountable for harm caused by the weapons would weaken the law's power to deter future violations"--Publisher's website.
| Author | : Bonnie Lynn Docherty |
| Publisher | : |
| Total Pages | : 27 |
| Release | : 2014 |
| Genre | : Human rights |
| ISBN | : 9781623131333 |
The report is the first report to assess in detail the risks posed by these weapons during law enforcement operations, expanding the debate beyond the battlefield. Human Rights Watch found that fully autonomous weapons would threaten rights and principles under international law as fundamental as the right to life, the right to a remedy, and the principle of dignity. Such weapons would be unable to evaluate the need for and proportionality of using deadly force the way human beings do. They could not be preprogrammed to handle all law enforcement scenarios. And they would lack human qualities, such as judgment and empathy, that enable police to avoid unlawful arbitrary killings in unforeseen situations. In addition, there would be legal and practical obstacles to holding anyone, a superior officer, programmer, or manufacturer, sufficiently responsible for the conduct of a fully autonomous weapon. This accountability gap would infringe on the right to a remedy and interfere with punishment and deterrence. Finally, fully autonomous weapons could not respect the inherent dignity and value of human beings. As inanimate machines without lives to lose, these robots would be unable truly to comprehend and weigh the significance of the deaths they cause. The release of the report, co-published with Harvard Law School's International Human Rights Clinic, coincides with the first multilateral meeting on the weapons.
| Author | : Paul Scharre |
| Publisher | : W. W. Norton & Company |
| Total Pages | : 384 |
| Release | : 2018-04-24 |
| Genre | : History |
| ISBN | : 0393608999 |
"The book I had been waiting for. I can't recommend it highly enough." —Bill Gates The era of autonomous weapons has arrived. Today around the globe, at least thirty nations have weapons that can search for and destroy enemy targets all on their own. Paul Scharre, a leading expert in next-generation warfare, describes these and other high tech weapons systems—from Israel’s Harpy drone to the American submarine-hunting robot ship Sea Hunter—and examines the legal and ethical issues surrounding their use. “A smart primer to what’s to come in warfare” (Bruce Schneier), Army of None engages military history, global policy, and cutting-edge science to explore the implications of giving weapons the freedom to make life and death decisions. A former soldier himself, Scharre argues that we must embrace technology where it can make war more precise and humane, but when the choice is life or death, there is no replacement for the human heart.
| Author | : Armin Krishnan |
| Publisher | : Routledge |
| Total Pages | : 216 |
| Release | : 2016-04-22 |
| Genre | : Political Science |
| ISBN | : 1317109120 |
Military robots and other, potentially autonomous robotic systems such as unmanned combat air vehicles (UCAVs) and unmanned ground vehicles (UGVs) could soon be introduced to the battlefield. Look further into the future and we may see autonomous micro- and nanorobots armed and deployed in swarms of thousands or even millions. This growing automation of warfare may come to represent a major discontinuity in the history of warfare: humans will first be removed from the battlefield and may one day even be largely excluded from the decision cycle in future high-tech and high-speed robotic warfare. Although the current technological issues will no doubt be overcome, the greatest obstacles to automated weapons on the battlefield are likely to be legal and ethical concerns. Armin Krishnan explores the technological, legal and ethical issues connected to combat robotics, examining both the opportunities and limitations of autonomous weapons. He also proposes solutions to the future regulation of military robotics through international law.
| Author | : Frank Pasquale |
| Publisher | : Harvard University Press |
| Total Pages | : 345 |
| Release | : 2020-10-27 |
| Genre | : Law |
| ISBN | : 0674975227 |
AI is poised to disrupt our work and our lives. We can harness these technologies rather than fall captive to them—but only through wise regulation. Too many CEOs tell a simple story about the future of work: if a machine can do what you do, your job will be automated. They envision everyone from doctors to soldiers rendered superfluous by ever-more-powerful AI. They offer stark alternatives: make robots or be replaced by them. Another story is possible. In virtually every walk of life, robotic systems can make labor more valuable, not less. Frank Pasquale tells the story of nurses, teachers, designers, and others who partner with technologists, rather than meekly serving as data sources for their computerized replacements. This cooperation reveals the kind of technological advance that could bring us all better health care, education, and more, while maintaining meaningful work. These partnerships also show how law and regulation can promote prosperity for all, rather than a zero-sum race of humans against machines. How far should AI be entrusted to assume tasks once performed by humans? What is gained and lost when it does? What is the optimal mix of robotic and human interaction? New Laws of Robotics makes the case that policymakers must not allow corporations or engineers to answer these questions alone. The kind of automation we get—and who it benefits—will depend on myriad small decisions about how to develop AI. Pasquale proposes ways to democratize that decision making, rather than centralize it in unaccountable firms. Sober yet optimistic, New Laws of Robotics offers an inspiring vision of technological progress, in which human capacities and expertise are the irreplaceable center of an inclusive economy.
| Author | : Christoph Bartneck |
| Publisher | : Springer Nature |
| Total Pages | : 124 |
| Release | : 2020-08-11 |
| Genre | : Philosophy |
| ISBN | : 3030511103 |
This open access book introduces the reader to the foundations of AI and ethics. It discusses issues of trust, responsibility, liability, privacy and risk. It focuses on the interaction between people and the AI systems and Robotics they use. Designed to be accessible for a broad audience, reading this book does not require prerequisite technical, legal or philosophical expertise. Throughout, the authors use examples to illustrate the issues at hand and conclude the book with a discussion on the application areas of AI and Robotics, in particular autonomous vehicles, automatic weapon systems and biased algorithms. A list of questions and further readings is also included for students willing to explore the topic further.
| Author | : Matthew Breay Bolton |
| Publisher | : Bloomsbury Publishing |
| Total Pages | : 249 |
| Release | : 2020-07-23 |
| Genre | : Political Science |
| ISBN | : 0755618491 |
Thousands of people around the world are maimed and killed by landmines and unexploded ammunition every year. International law classifies landmines as 'evil in themselves', but minefields are expressions of 'political minefields' that create them and allow them to persist. In this travelogue through Iraq, Laos, Cambodia, Bosnia, Afghanistan, Sudan, South Sudan and New York City, we follow Matthew Bolton's quest for solutions to the landmine crisis and emerging autonomous weapons. Throughout his journey we meet deminers, paramilitaries, journalists, mercenaries, diplomats, aid workers, and campaigners working in and around the minefields. It is a must-read for those working to alleviate the devastation of war.
| Author | : Frank Sauer |
| Publisher | : Springer |
| Total Pages | : 207 |
| Release | : 2015-10-29 |
| Genre | : Political Science |
| ISBN | : 1137533749 |
With the concept of 'Atomic Anxiety', this book offers a novel perspective on one of the most important and longstanding puzzles of international politics: the non-use of U.S. nuclear weapons. By focusing on the fear surrounding nuclear weapons, it explains why nuclear deterrence and the nuclear taboo are working at cross purposes in practice.
| Author | : Chris Brown |
| Publisher | : Oxford University Press |
| Total Pages | : 737 |
| Release | : 2018 |
| Genre | : Philosophy |
| ISBN | : 019874692X |
International Political Theory (IPT) focuses on the point where two fields of study meet - International Relations and Political Theory. It takes from the former a central concern with the 'international' broadly defined; from the latter it takes a broadly normative identity. IPT studies the 'ought' questions that have been ignored or side-lined by the modern study of International Relations and the 'international' dimension that Political Theory has in the past neglected. A central proposition of IPT is that the 'domestic' and the 'international' cannot be treated as self-contained spheres, although this does not preclude states and the states-system from being regarded by some practitioners of IPT as central points of reference. This Handbook provides an authoritative account of the issues, debates, and perspectives in the field, guided by two basic questions concerning its purposes and methods of inquiry. First, how does IPT connect with real world politics? In particular, how does it engage with real world problems, and position itself in relation to the practices of real world politics? And second, following on from this, what is the relationship between IPT and empirical research in international relations? This Handbook showcases the distinctive and valuable contribution of normative inquiry not just for its own sake but also in addressing real world problems. The Oxford Handbooks of International Relations is a twelve-volume set of reference books offering authoritative and innovative engagements with the principal sub-fields of International Relations. The series as a whole is under the General Editorship of Christian Reus-Smit of the University of Queensland and Duncan Snidal of the University of Oxford, with each volume edited by a distinguished pair of specialists in their respective fields. The series both surveys the broad terrain of International Relations scholarship and reshapes it, pushing each sub-field in challenging new directions. Following the example of the original Reus-Smit and Snidal The Oxford Handbook of International Relations, each volume is organized around a strong central thematic by a pair of scholars drawn from alternative perspectives, reading its sub-field in an entirely new way, and pushing scholarship in challenging new directions.
