Stochastic Water Demand Modelling PDF Download
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Author | : Mirjam Blokker |
Publisher | : IWA Publishing |
Total Pages | : 181 |
Release | : 2011-09-19 |
Genre | : Science |
ISBN | : 1780400284 |
Download Stochastic Water Demand Modelling Book in PDF, ePub and Kindle
Water quality processes in the drinking water distribution network are strongly influenced by the flow velocity and residence time of the water in the network. In order to understand how the water quality changes in the drinking water distribution network, a good understanding of hydraulics is required. Specifically in the periphery of the network, where customers are connected, the hydraulics can change rapidly. During the night time the water is almost stagnant and the residence time increases. In the morning, when everybody gets up and flushes the toilet and takes a shower, high flow velocities can occur. During the remainder of the day flow velocities are low. The stochastic endues model SIMDEUM was developed to simulate water use on a small time scale (1 s) and small spatial scale (per fixture). SIMDEUM enables a good model of flow velocities, residence times and the connected water quality processes in the water distribution network. Stochastic Water Demand Modelling: Hydraulics in Water Distribution Networks describes the requirements of hydraulics in water quality modelling and provides insight into the development of detailed residential and non-residential water demand models. The book illustrates the use of detailed demand models in water quality models with respect to the variation in residence times and the relation with particle accumulation and resuspension. The models are compared to measurements in several real drinking water distribution networks.
Author | : Elisabeth Johanna Maria Blokker |
Publisher | : |
Total Pages | : |
Release | : 2010 |
Genre | : |
ISBN | : 9789089570154 |
Download Stochastic Water Demand Modelling for a Better Understanding of Hydraulics in Water Distribution Networks Book in PDF, ePub and Kindle
Author | : Zbigniew Siwoń |
Publisher | : |
Total Pages | : 145 |
Release | : 1986 |
Genre | : |
ISBN | : |
Download Stochastic modelling of water consumption process and forecasting of water demand in towns Book in PDF, ePub and Kindle
Author | : J.B. Marco |
Publisher | : Springer Science & Business Media |
Total Pages | : 470 |
Release | : 2012-12-06 |
Genre | : Science |
ISBN | : 9401116970 |
Download Stochastic Hydrology and its Use in Water Resources Systems Simulation and Optimization Book in PDF, ePub and Kindle
Stochastic hydrology is an essential base of water resources systems analysis, due to the inherent randomness of the input, and consequently of the results. These results have to be incorporated in a decision-making process regarding the planning and management of water systems. It is through this application that stochastic hydrology finds its true meaning, otherwise it becomes merely an academic exercise. A set of well known specialists from both stochastic hydrology and water resources systems present a synthesis of the actual knowledge currently used in real-world planning and management. The book is intended for both practitioners and researchers who are willing to apply advanced approaches for incorporating hydrological randomness and uncertainty into the simulation and optimization of water resources systems. (abstract) Stochastic hydrology is a basic tool for water resources systems analysis, due to inherent randomness of the hydrologic cycle. This book contains actual techniques in use for water resources planning and management, incorporating randomness into the decision making process. Optimization and simulation, the classical systems-analysis technologies, are revisited under up-to-date statistical hydrology findings backed by real world applications.
Author | : |
Publisher | : |
Total Pages | : 186 |
Release | : 2006 |
Genre | : |
ISBN | : |
Download Network Water Quality Modeling with Stochastic Water Demands and Mass Dispersion Book in PDF, ePub and Kindle
A new computer model, ADRNET, is developed to predict the spatial and temporal distribution of disinfectant in a pipe network, considering stochastic water demands and unsteady mass dispersion. An Eulerian-Lagrangian scheme is combined with a numerical Green's Function technique to solve the advection-dispersion-reaction equation efficiently in network conditions. In a comparison with the industry standard advection-reaction water quality model (EPANET), ADRNET exhibits better agreement with field observations at locations where laminar flow is prevalent. Implementation of the ADRNET model is preceded by three ancillary studies. The first study investigates the effect of temporal averaging on stochastic pipe flows to identify the appropriate time scales for water quality modeling of distribution networks. For this purpose, a non-homogeneous Poison Rectangular Pulse (PRP) process is utilized to simulate high resolution residential water demands in a distribution network. Two water demand models are successfully established to demonstrate variability and frequency of regimes for PRP flows as function of time scale. The results show that the variance of time-averaged PRP random flows is inversely proportional to the time scale; the frequency of flow regimes depends on both the time scale and the mean of the random flows. The second study investigates the conditions under which mass dispersion is important in pipe networks through comparison of numerical simulations with and without dispersive transport. The results show that mass dispersion is always important in laminar flow zones, and the importance of dispersion increases with increasing pipe diameter but decreases with increasing of reaction rate coefficient. Finally, the effect of temporal scale on unsteady dispersion is studied through both theoretical analyses with periodic binary flow pulses and numerical simulation with PRP random laminar flows. For small diameter tubes, unsteady dispersion decreases with increasing time scale in unsteady laminar flows. For an actual network pipe, however, the time scale has little effect on unsteady dispersion in completely laminar flows.
Author | : Tuo Shi |
Publisher | : |
Total Pages | : 176 |
Release | : 2006 |
Genre | : Stochastic models |
ISBN | : |
Download Stochastic Modeling for Water Consumption Book in PDF, ePub and Kindle
Author | : Roy B. Hunter |
Publisher | : |
Total Pages | : 28 |
Release | : 1940 |
Genre | : Drainage, House |
ISBN | : |
Download Methods of Estimating Loads in Plumbing Systems Book in PDF, ePub and Kindle
Author | : Xueyao Yang |
Publisher | : |
Total Pages | : 96 |
Release | : 2010 |
Genre | : |
ISBN | : |
Download A Full-scale Simulation Study of Stochastic Water Demands on Distribution System Transport Book in PDF, ePub and Kindle
Typical network modeling in distribution system analysis assumes the water demands are known and constant over 1 hour. However, as utilities move towards "all-pipe" network models, continuing to ignore the stochastic water demands may not adequately account for the impacts of demand variability on the underlying transport and water quality characteristics. The objective of this research is to evaluate the potential impacts of different levels of temporal aggregation of water demands on the underlying hydraulic, transport, and water quality simulations for both a small network and a large "all-pipe" network system. A non-homogeneous Poisson Rectangular Pulse model was used to generate stochastic water demands aggregated at 1-min, 10-min, and 1-hr time steps, and linked with EPANET to perform hydraulic and water quality simulations. The impacts of the three temporal aggregations of water demands were evaluated with respect to: 1) hydraulics by evaluating pressure and flow rate variability; 2) transport and water quality characteristics using "conservative chemical intrusion" events and evaluating transport times and cumulative mass. Additional studies were performed to interpret the chemical analysis within a risk analysis framework, and investigated the impact of temporal aggregation with different injection durations. For a small skeletonized network, results showed for main trunk lines, the demand variability had little influence on the flow rate, chemical concentration, and risk assessment. However, as dead end nodes or pipes were analyzed, there was an increase in the flow rate variability with decreasing temporal aggregation that impacted the chemical concentration time series and risk assessment by altering the travel paths and times. For the large "all-pipe" network model, the results illustrated a greater frequency in flow reversals as well as meaningful differences in the initial arrival time and half-mass arrival time of chemical with decreasing temporal aggregation scales. Upon analyzing the Monte Carlo ensemble of results, the majority of nodes that resulted in meaningful initial chemical arrival time differences tended to be located at the edges of the network. With respect to the half-mass arrival time, a spatial analysis indicated there were a number of nodes within a blending region that had meaningful differences within a majority of the Monte Carlo realizations. Finally, a comparison of the stochastic water demand simulations to the original deterministic simulation indicated that the intra-hour variability resulting from the stochastic demands was more important than the variability resulting from the temporal aggregation scale. The results associated with a risk assessment also showed meaningful differences in the time until 1% and 50% of the population at a node infected by a toxic chemical between the shorter temporal aggregation scales and the 1-hr case. The impacts of injection duration illustrated the injection duration had little impact on the initial chemical arrival time. However, decreasing the injection duration had greater impacts on the differences of half-mass chemical arrival time and cumulative mass between the 10-min and 1-hr aggregation cases. These results indicate that there are portions of a distribution system where the typical network modeling assumptions may not be appropriate to adequately represent localized transport.
Author | : Richard G. Krutchkoff |
Publisher | : |
Total Pages | : 416 |
Release | : 1971 |
Genre | : Stochastic processes |
ISBN | : |
Download Stochastic Modeling for Water Quality Management Book in PDF, ePub and Kindle
Author | : V. Gardiner |
Publisher | : CRC Press |
Total Pages | : 148 |
Release | : 1986-06-30 |
Genre | : Architecture |
ISBN | : 1482275600 |
Download Water Demand Forecasting Book in PDF, ePub and Kindle
This book is an outcome of the workshop on water demand forecasting in 1985. It summarises the 'state-of-the-art' in water demand forecasting, and identifies some of its links with environmental issues. The book discusses some of the issues raised in more detail and provides case studies.