Statistical Strategies For Small Sample Research PDF Download
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Author | : Rick H. Hoyle |
Publisher | : SAGE |
Total Pages | : 394 |
Release | : 1999-03-30 |
Genre | : Mathematics |
ISBN | : 9780761908869 |
Download Statistical Strategies for Small Sample Research Book in PDF, ePub and Kindle
This book provides encouragement and strategies for researchers who routinely address research questions using data from small samples. Chapters cover such topics as: using multiple imputation software with small sets; computing and combining effect sizes; bootstrap hypothesis testing; application of latent variable modeling; time-series data from small numbers of individuals; and sample size, reliability and tests of statistical mediation.
Author | : Institute of Medicine |
Publisher | : National Academies Press |
Total Pages | : 221 |
Release | : 2001-01-01 |
Genre | : Medical |
ISBN | : 0309171148 |
Download Small Clinical Trials Book in PDF, ePub and Kindle
Clinical trials are used to elucidate the most appropriate preventive, diagnostic, or treatment options for individuals with a given medical condition. Perhaps the most essential feature of a clinical trial is that it aims to use results based on a limited sample of research participants to see if the intervention is safe and effective or if it is comparable to a comparison treatment. Sample size is a crucial component of any clinical trial. A trial with a small number of research participants is more prone to variability and carries a considerable risk of failing to demonstrate the effectiveness of a given intervention when one really is present. This may occur in phase I (safety and pharmacologic profiles), II (pilot efficacy evaluation), and III (extensive assessment of safety and efficacy) trials. Although phase I and II studies may have smaller sample sizes, they usually have adequate statistical power, which is the committee's definition of a "large" trial. Sometimes a trial with eight participants may have adequate statistical power, statistical power being the probability of rejecting the null hypothesis when the hypothesis is false. Small Clinical Trials assesses the current methodologies and the appropriate situations for the conduct of clinical trials with small sample sizes. This report assesses the published literature on various strategies such as (1) meta-analysis to combine disparate information from several studies including Bayesian techniques as in the confidence profile method and (2) other alternatives such as assessing therapeutic results in a single treated population (e.g., astronauts) by sequentially measuring whether the intervention is falling above or below a preestablished probability outcome range and meeting predesigned specifications as opposed to incremental improvement.
Author | : Carl F. Siebert |
Publisher | : Oxford University Press |
Total Pages | : 241 |
Release | : 2018 |
Genre | : Mathematics |
ISBN | : 0199391491 |
Download Data Analysis with Small Samples and Non-normal Data Book in PDF, ePub and Kindle
Introduction to nonparametrics -- Analyzing single variables and single groups -- Comparing two or more independent groups -- Comparing two or more related groups -- Predicting with multiple independent variables -- Appendix -- Index
Author | : National Academies of Sciences, Engineering, and Medicine |
Publisher | : National Academies Press |
Total Pages | : 195 |
Release | : 2018-01-27 |
Genre | : Social Science |
ISBN | : 0309465370 |
Download Federal Statistics, Multiple Data Sources, and Privacy Protection Book in PDF, ePub and Kindle
The environment for obtaining information and providing statistical data for policy makers and the public has changed significantly in the past decade, raising questions about the fundamental survey paradigm that underlies federal statistics. New data sources provide opportunities to develop a new paradigm that can improve timeliness, geographic or subpopulation detail, and statistical efficiency. It also has the potential to reduce the costs of producing federal statistics. The panel's first report described federal statistical agencies' current paradigm, which relies heavily on sample surveys for producing national statistics, and challenges agencies are facing; the legal frameworks and mechanisms for protecting the privacy and confidentiality of statistical data and for providing researchers access to data, and challenges to those frameworks and mechanisms; and statistical agencies access to alternative sources of data. The panel recommended a new approach for federal statistical programs that would combine diverse data sources from government and private sector sources and the creation of a new entity that would provide the foundational elements needed for this new approach, including legal authority to access data and protect privacy. This second of the panel's two reports builds on the analysis, conclusions, and recommendations in the first one. This report assesses alternative methods for implementing a new approach that would combine diverse data sources from government and private sector sources, including describing statistical models for combining data from multiple sources; examining statistical and computer science approaches that foster privacy protections; evaluating frameworks for assessing the quality and utility of alternative data sources; and various models for implementing the recommended new entity. Together, the two reports offer ideas and recommendations to help federal statistical agencies examine and evaluate data from alternative sources and then combine them as appropriate to provide the country with more timely, actionable, and useful information for policy makers, businesses, and individuals.
Author | : A. R. Brazzale |
Publisher | : Cambridge University Press |
Total Pages | : 256 |
Release | : 2007-05-31 |
Genre | : Business & Economics |
ISBN | : 9780521847032 |
Download Applied Asymptotics Book in PDF, ePub and Kindle
First practical treatment of small-sample asymptotics, enabling practitioners to apply new methods with confidence.
Author | : National Academies of Sciences, Engineering, and Medicine |
Publisher | : National Academies Press |
Total Pages | : 151 |
Release | : 2018-08-02 |
Genre | : Medical |
ISBN | : 0309476097 |
Download Improving Health Research on Small Populations Book in PDF, ePub and Kindle
The increasing diversity of population of the United States presents many challenges to conducting health research that is representative and informative. Dispersion and accessibility issues can increase logistical costs; populations for which it is difficult to obtain adequate sample size are also likely to be expensive to study. Hence, even if it is technically feasible to study a small population, it may not be easy to obtain the funding to do so. In order to address the issues associated with improving health research of small populations, the National Academies of Sciences, Engineering, and Medicine convened a workshop in January 2018. Participants considered ways of addressing the challenges of conducting epidemiological studies or intervention research with small population groups, including alternative study designs, innovative methodologies for data collection, and innovative statistical techniques for analysis.
Author | : Institute of Medicine |
Publisher | : National Academies Press |
Total Pages | : 221 |
Release | : 2001-02-01 |
Genre | : Medical |
ISBN | : 0309073332 |
Download Small Clinical Trials Book in PDF, ePub and Kindle
Clinical trials are used to elucidate the most appropriate preventive, diagnostic, or treatment options for individuals with a given medical condition. Perhaps the most essential feature of a clinical trial is that it aims to use results based on a limited sample of research participants to see if the intervention is safe and effective or if it is comparable to a comparison treatment. Sample size is a crucial component of any clinical trial. A trial with a small number of research participants is more prone to variability and carries a considerable risk of failing to demonstrate the effectiveness of a given intervention when one really is present. This may occur in phase I (safety and pharmacologic profiles), II (pilot efficacy evaluation), and III (extensive assessment of safety and efficacy) trials. Although phase I and II studies may have smaller sample sizes, they usually have adequate statistical power, which is the committee's definition of a "large" trial. Sometimes a trial with eight participants may have adequate statistical power, statistical power being the probability of rejecting the null hypothesis when the hypothesis is false. Small Clinical Trials assesses the current methodologies and the appropriate situations for the conduct of clinical trials with small sample sizes. This report assesses the published literature on various strategies such as (1) meta-analysis to combine disparate information from several studies including Bayesian techniques as in the confidence profile method and (2) other alternatives such as assessing therapeutic results in a single treated population (e.g., astronauts) by sequentially measuring whether the intervention is falling above or below a preestablished probability outcome range and meeting predesigned specifications as opposed to incremental improvement.
Author | : Thomas Dietz |
Publisher | : John Wiley & Sons |
Total Pages | : 613 |
Release | : 2009-03-02 |
Genre | : Mathematics |
ISBN | : 1405169028 |
Download Introduction to Social Statistics Book in PDF, ePub and Kindle
Introduction to Social Statistics is a basic statistics text with a focus on the use of models for thinking through statistical problems, an accessible and consistent structure with ongoing examples across chapters, and an emphasis on the tools most commonly used in contemporary research. Lively introductory textbook that uses three strategies to help students master statistics: use of models throughout; repetition with variation to underpin pedagogy; and emphasis on the tools most commonly used in contemporary research Demonstrates how more than one statistical method can be used to approach a research question Enhanced learning features include a ‘walk-through’ of statistical concepts, applications, features, advanced topics boxes, and a ‘What Have We Learned’ section at the end of each chapter Supported by a website containing instructor materials including chapter-by-chapter PowerPoint slides, answers to exercises, and an instructor guide Visit www.wiley.com/go/dietz for additional student and instructor resources.
Author | : Rae R. Newton |
Publisher | : SAGE |
Total Pages | : 385 |
Release | : 2013 |
Genre | : Education |
ISBN | : 1412997593 |
Download Your Statistical Consultant Book in PDF, ePub and Kindle
How do you bridge the gap between what you learned in your statistics course and the questions you want to answer in your real-world research? Oriented towards distinct questions in a "How do I?" or "When should I?" format, Your Statistical Consultant is the equivalent of the expert colleague down the hall who fields questions about describing, explaining, and making recommendations regarding thorny or confusing statistical issues. The book serves as a compendium of statistical knowledge, both theoretical and applied, that addresses the questions most frequently asked by students, researchers and instructors. Written to be responsive to a wide range of inquiries and levels of expertise, the book is flexibly organized so readers can either read it sequentially or turn directly to the sections that correspond to their concerns.
Author | : Leandre R. Fabrigar |
Publisher | : Oxford University Press |
Total Pages | : 170 |
Release | : 2012-01-12 |
Genre | : Medical |
ISBN | : 0199734178 |
Download Exploratory Factor Analysis Book in PDF, ePub and Kindle
This book provides a non-mathematical introduction to the theory and application of Exploratory Factor Analysis. Among the issues discussed are the use of confirmatory versus exploratory factor analysis, the use of principal components analysis versus common factor analysis, and procedures for determining the appropriate number of factors.