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Solar and Interplanetary Disturbances

Solar and Interplanetary Disturbances
Author: S. K. Alurkar
Publisher: World Scientific
Total Pages: 170
Release: 1997
Genre: Science
ISBN: 9789810229252

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Over the last three decades, a spate of solar wind observations have been made with sophisticated ground-based and space-borne instruments. Two highly successful space missions of the Skylab and the twin spacecraft Helios 1 and 2 have amassed an invaluable wealth of information on the large scale structure of the inner heliosphere, the solar and interplanetary magnetic field, coronal holes, interplanetary dust, solar windflows, etc.Solar and interplanetary propagating phenomena have been extensively studied during the last two decades. Very recently, a new simple model based on results from a density-mapping technique, pioneered at Cambridge, UK, has been proposed which overcomes the problems faced by the existing CME-driven shock theories.This monograph puts together those exciting developments in the field of solar and interplanetary dynamic phenomena with their effects, at times hazardous, on the terrestrial environment. It serves as an update and a ready reference for research students and scientists working in this field.


Solar and Space Weather Radiophysics

Solar and Space Weather Radiophysics
Author: D.E. Gary
Publisher: Springer Science & Business Media
Total Pages: 414
Release: 2006-01-20
Genre: Science
ISBN: 1402028148

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This volume is the outgrowth of several international meetings to discuss a vision for the future of solar radio physics: the development of a new radio instrument. From these discussions, the concept for the Frequency Agile Solar Radiotelescope (FASR) was born. Most of the chapters of this book are based oninvitedtalksattheFASRScienceWorkshop,heldinGreenbank,WVinMay 2002, and a special session on Solar and Space Weather Radiophysics held at the 200th American Astronomical Society meeting held in Albuquerque, NM in June 2002. Although many of the chapters deal with topics of interest in planning for FASR, other topics in Solar and Space Weather Radiophysics, such as solar radar and interplanetary scintillation, are covered to round out the discipline. The authors have been asked to write with a tutorial approach, to make the book useful to graduate students and scientists new to radio physics. This book is more than a compilation of FASR science topics. The FASR instrument concept is so revolutionary—by extending capability by an order of magnitude in several dimensions at once (frequency coverage, spatial reso- tion,dynamicrange,timeresolution,polarizationprecision)—thatitchallenges scientiststothinkinnewways. Theauthorsofthefollowingchaptershavebeen taskednotonlywithreviewingthecurrentstateofthe?eld,butalsowithlooking to the future and imagining what is possible. Radio emission is extremely complex because it is generated so readily, and every imaginable plasma parameter affects it. This is both its great strength and its weakness.


The Sun to the Earth â¬" and Beyond

The Sun to the Earth â¬
Author: National Research Council
Publisher: National Academies Press
Total Pages: 262
Release: 2003-12-17
Genre: Science
ISBN: 0309089727

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This volume, The Sun to the Earth-and Beyond: Panel Reports, is a compilation of the reports from five National Research Council (NRC) panels convened as part of a survey in solar and space physics for the period 2003-2013. The NRC's Space Studies Board and its Committee on Solar and Space Physics organized the study. Overall direction for the survey was provided by the Solar and Space Physics Survey Committee, whose report, The Sun to the Earth-and Beyond: A Decadal Research Strategy in Solar and Space Physics, was delivered to the study sponsors in prepublication format in August 2002. The final version of that report was published in June 2003. The panel reports provide both a detailed rationale for the survey committee's recommendations and an expansive view of the numerous opportunities that exist for a robust program of exploration in solar and space physics.


Solar and Space Physics

Solar and Space Physics
Author: National Research Council
Publisher: National Academies Press
Total Pages: 37
Release: 2014-09-25
Genre: Science
ISBN: 0309313953

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In 2010, NASA and the National Science Foundation asked the National Research Council to assemble a committee of experts to develop an integrated national strategy that would guide agency investments in solar and space physics for the years 2013-2022. That strategy, the result of nearly 2 years of effort by the survey committee, which worked with more than 100 scientists and engineers on eight supporting study panels, is presented in the 2013 publication, Solar and Space Physics: A Science for a Technological Society. This booklet, designed to be accessible to a broader audience of policymakers and the interested public, summarizes the content of that report.


Space Weather

Space Weather
Author: Volker Bothmer
Publisher: Springer Science & Business Media
Total Pages: 517
Release: 2007-01-10
Genre: Science
ISBN: 3540345787

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The editors present a state-of-the-art overview on the Physics of Space Weather and its effects on technological and biological systems on the ground and in space. It opens with a general introduction on the subject, followed by a historical review on the major developments in the field of solar terrestrial relationships leading to its development into the up-to-date field of space weather. Specific emphasis is placed on the technological effects that have impacted society in the past century at times of major solar activity. Chapter 2 summarizes key milestones, starting from the base of solar observations with classic telescopes up to recent space observations and new mission developments with EUV and X-ray telescopes (e.g., STEREO), yielding an unprecedented view of the sun-earth system. Chapter 3 provides a scientific summary of the present understanding of the physics of the sun-earth system based on the latest results from spacecraft designed to observe the Sun, the interplanetary medium and geospace. Chapter 4 describes how the plasma and magnetic field structure of the earth's magnetosphere is impacted by the variation of the solar and interplanetary conditions, providing the necessary science and technology background for missions in low and near earth's orbit. Chapter 5 elaborates the physics of the layer of the earth's upper atmosphere that is the cause of disruptions in radio-wave communications and GPS (Global Positioning System) errors, which is of crucial importance for projects like Galileo. In Chapters 6-10, the impacts of technology used up to now in space, on earth and on life are reviewed.


Magnetohydrodynamic Modelling of Interplanetary Disturbances Between the Sun and Earth

Magnetohydrodynamic Modelling of Interplanetary Disturbances Between the Sun and Earth
Author: Murray Dryer
Publisher:
Total Pages: 52
Release: 1982
Genre: Magnetic storms
ISBN:

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A time-dependent, nonplanar, two-dimensional (2-D) magnetohydrodynamic computer simulation model is used to simulate a series of solar flare-generated shock waves and their subsequent disturbances in interplanetary space between the sun and the earth's magnetosphere. The canonical or anzatz series of shock waves include initial velocities near the sun over the range 500 to 3000 km/sec. The ambient solar wind, through which the shocks propagate, is taken to be a steady-state flow that is independent of heliolongitude; its radial dependency consists of a representative set of plasma and magnetic field parameters which will be presented. Particular attention is directed to the MHD model's ability to address fundamental operational questions regarding the long-range forecasting of geomagnetic disturbances. These questions are: (1) will a disturbance (such as the present canonical series of solar flare shock waves) produce a magnetospheric and ionospheric disturbance, and, if so; (2) when wil it start; (3) how severe will it be; and (4) how long will it last? The model's output is used to compute various solar wind indices of current interest for this purpose. It is concluded that future work should be focused on a cohesive updating of, for example, daily measured solar parameters as input for the model whose output should be compared with spacecraft data for specific events.


Earth-affecting Solar Transients

Earth-affecting Solar Transients
Author: Jie Zhang
Publisher: Springer
Total Pages: 744
Release: 2018-10-27
Genre: Science
ISBN: 9789402415698

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Earth-affecting solar transients encompass a broad range of phenomena, including major solar flares, CMEs, ICMEs, solar energetic particle events, and corotating interaction regions.​ In the past decade, nearly continuous observations of the Sun and the inner heliosphere with an unprecedented wide spatial coverage from a fleet of spacecraft, including STEREO Ahead/Behind, SDO, SOHO, Messenger, Venus Express, ACE and WIND, in combination with a significant advancement of global MHD numerical simulation and theoretical analysis, have greatly improved our understanding of solar transients and the prediction of their potential impact on Earth. This Topical Collection is based on the International Study of Earth-affecting Solar Transients (ISEST) project, initially launched in 2013 to bring together scientists from many countries to join efforts on studying solar transients. ISEST became one of the four research projects of the Variability of the Sun and Its Terrestrial Impact (VarSITI) program, sponsored by the Scientific Committee on Solar-Terrestrial Physics (SCOSTEP) for the period of 2014 – 2018. Originally published in the journal Solar Physics, volumes 292 (2017) and 293 (2018).


Basic Space Plasma Physics (Revised Edition)

Basic Space Plasma Physics (Revised Edition)
Author: Wolfgang Baumjohann
Publisher: World Scientific Publishing Company
Total Pages: 496
Release: 2012-03-20
Genre: Science
ISBN: 1911298682

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This textbook begins with a description of the Earth's plasma environment, followed by the derivation of single particle motions in electromagnetic fields, with applications to the Earth's magnetosphere. Also discussed are the origin and effects of collisions and conductivities, formation of the ionosphere, magnetospheric convection and dynamics, and solar wind-magnetosphere coupling.The second half of the book presents a more theoretical foundation of plasma physics, starting with kinetic theory. Introducing moments of distribution function permits the derivation of the fluid equations, followed by an analysis of fluid boundaries, with the Earth's magnetopause and bow shock as examples, and finally, fluid and kinetic theory are applied to derive the relevant wave modes in a plasma.This revised edition seamlessly integrates new sections on magnetopause reconstruction, as well as instability theory and thermal fluctuations based on new developments in space physics. Applications such as the important problems of collisionless reconnection and collisionless shocks are covered, and some problems have also been included at the end of each chapter.


Corotating Interaction Regions

Corotating Interaction Regions
Author: A. Balogh
Publisher: Springer Science & Business Media
Total Pages: 416
Release: 2013-06-29
Genre: Science
ISBN: 9401711798

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A Corotating Interaction Region (CIR) is the result of the interaction of fast solar wind with slower solar wind ahead. CIRs have a very large three-dimensional ex tent and are the dominant large-scale structure in the heliosphere on the declining and minimum phase of the solar activity cycle. Until recently, however, CIRs could only be observed close to the ecliptic plane, and their three-dimensional structure was therefore not obvious to observers and theoreticians alike. Ulysses was the first spacecraft allowing direct exploration of the third dimen sion of the heliosphere. Since 1992, when it has entered a polar orbit that takes it 0 up to 80 latitude, the spacecraft's performance has been flawless and the mission has provided excellent data from a superbly matched set of instruments. Perhaps the most exciting observation during Ulysses' first passage towards the south pole of the Sun was a strong and long lasting CIR whose energetic particle effects were observed up to unexpectedly high latitudes. These observations, documented in a number of publications, stimulated considerable new theoretical work.