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Sensory Cue Integration

Sensory Cue Integration
Author: Julia Trommershauser
Publisher: Oxford University Press
Total Pages: 461
Release: 2011-09-21
Genre: Psychology
ISBN: 019987476X
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This book is concerned with sensory cue integration both within and between sensory modalities, and focuses on the emerging way of thinking about cue combination in terms of uncertainty. These probabilistic approaches derive from the realization that our sensors are noisy and moreover are often affected by ambiguity. For example, mechanoreceptor outputs are variable and they cannot distinguish if a perceived force is caused by the weight of an object or by force we are producing ourselves. The probabilistic approaches elaborated in this book aim at formalizing the uncertainty of cues. They describe cue combination as the nervous system's attempt to minimize uncertainty in its estimates and to choose successful actions. Some computational approaches described in the chapters of this book are concerned with the application of such statistical ideas to real-world cue-combination problems. Others ask how uncertainty may be represented in the nervous system and used for cue combination. Importantly, across behavioral, electrophysiological and theoretical approaches, Bayesian statistics is emerging as a common language in which cue-combination problems can be expressed.

Sensory Cue Integration

Sensory Cue Integration
Author: Julia Trommershauser
Publisher: Computational Neuroscience
Total Pages: 461
Release: 2011
Genre: Medical
ISBN: 0195387244
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This book is concerned with sensory cue integration both within and between sensory modalities, and focuses on the emerging way of thinking about cue combination in terms of uncertainty. These probabilistic approaches derive from the realization that our sensors are noisy and moreover are often affected by ambiguity. For example, mechanoreceptor outputs are variable and they cannot distinguish if a perceived force is caused by the weight of an object or by force we are producing ourselves. The probabilistic approaches elaborated in this book aim at formalizing the uncertainty of cues. They describe cue combination as the nervous system's attempt to minimize uncertainty in its estimates and to choose successful actions. Some computational approaches described in the chapters of this book are concerned with the application of such statistical ideas to real-world cue-combination problems. Others ask how uncertainty may be represented in the nervous system and used for cue combination. Importantly, across behavioral, electrophysiological and theoretical approaches, Bayesian statistics is emerging as a common language in which cue-combination problems can be expressed

The Neural Bases of Multisensory Processes

The Neural Bases of Multisensory Processes
Author: Micah M. Murray
Publisher: CRC Press
Total Pages: 800
Release: 2011-08-25
Genre: Science
ISBN: 1439812179
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It has become accepted in the neuroscience community that perception and performance are quintessentially multisensory by nature. Using the full palette of modern brain imaging and neuroscience methods, The Neural Bases of Multisensory Processes details current understanding in the neural bases for these phenomena as studied across species, stages of development, and clinical statuses. Organized thematically into nine sub-sections, the book is a collection of contributions by leading scientists in the field. Chapters build generally from basic to applied, allowing readers to ascertain how fundamental science informs the clinical and applied sciences. Topics discussed include: Anatomy, essential for understanding the neural substrates of multisensory processing Neurophysiological bases and how multisensory stimuli can dramatically change the encoding processes for sensory information Combinatorial principles and modeling, focusing on efforts to gain a better mechanistic handle on multisensory operations and their network dynamics Development and plasticity Clinical manifestations and how perception and action are affected by altered sensory experience Attention and spatial representations The last sections of the book focus on naturalistic multisensory processes in three separate contexts: motion signals, multisensory contributions to the perception and generation of communication signals, and how the perception of flavor is generated. The text provides a solid introduction for newcomers and a strong overview of the current state of the field for experts.

Bio-inspired Approach for Information Fusion

Bio-inspired Approach for Information Fusion
Author: Warnakulasuriya Patabandige Asanka Nilath Fonseka
Publisher:
Total Pages: 314
Release: 2012
Genre:
ISBN:
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Sensory cue integration in the human brain plays a crucial role in perception. The neurobiology community have assembled an ample amount of data and behavioral evidence in recent decades enhancing our understanding about sensory information processing in the human brain and in perception. The primary aim of this thesis is to model the sensory cue integration in the biological brain by drawing on the neurobiological findings gathered so far. At the higher level of abstraction, four main characteristics of sensory cue integration are examined this research endeavor by means of modeling; multimodal dynamics, hierarchical sensory cue integration, crossmodal interactions and multisensory integration. Moreover, the computational modeling effort addresses the limitations of some current fusion techniques and theoretical frameworks on multisensory integration. Four unsupervised neural network models are designed and implemented to capture the characteristics of sensory cue integration. Eventually a fusion framework is built by merging the functionalities and neuronal dynamics of these four neural network models. Empirical evaluation of the these models are performed using real data sources drawn from the application ~eas such as image processing, lip reading and bioinformatics. Further analysis of these models explains some of the key neurobiological properties in cross¬modal integration: binding problem, crossmodal matching, congruent/incongruent cue processing, reliability-based selective attention, inverse effectiveness, silent lip reading and ensemble coding hypothesis in cue integration. While these models explain possible mechanisms underlying sensory integration they can be used to solve problems in real data mining applications. The fusion framework allows proper integration of multiple data sources to discover hidden patterns and rela¬tionships in an unsupervised manner. Furthermore, it allows a data analyst to investigate patterns under different level of granularities from multiple data sources.

Sensory Integration and the Unity of Consciousness

Sensory Integration and the Unity of Consciousness
Author: David Bennett
Publisher: MIT Press
Total Pages: 421
Release: 2022-06-07
Genre: Philosophy
ISBN: 026254573X
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Philosophers and cognitive scientists address the relationships among the senses and the connections between conscious experiences that form unified wholes. In this volume, cognitive scientists and philosophers examine two closely related aspects of mind and mental functioning: the relationships among the various senses and the links that connect different conscious experiences to form unified wholes. The contributors address a range of questions concerning how information from one sense influences the processing of information from the other senses and how unified states of consciousness emerge from the bonds that tie conscious experiences together. Sensory Integration and the Unity of Consciousness is the first book to address both of these topics, integrating scientific and philosophical concerns. A flood of recent work in both philosophy and perception science has challenged traditional conceptions of the sensory systems as operating in isolation. Contributors to the volume consider the ways in which perceptual contact with the world is or may be “multisensory,” discussing such subjects as the modeling of multisensory integration and philosophical aspects of sensory modalities. Recent years have seen a similar surge of interest in unity of consciousness. Contributors explore a range of questions on this topic, including the nature of that unity, the degree to which conscious experiences are unified, and the relationship between unified consciousness and the self. Contributors Tim Bayne, David J. Bennett, Berit Brogaard, Barry Dainton, Ophelia Deroy, Frederique de Vignemont, Marc Ernst, Richard Held, Christopher S. Hill, Geoffrey Lee, Kristan Marlow, Farid Masrour, Jennifer Matey, Casey O'Callaghan, Cesare V. Parise, Kevin Rice, Elizabeth Schechter, Pawan Sinha, Julia Trommershaeuser, Loes C. J. van Dam, Jonathan Vogel, James Van Cleve, Robert Van Gulick, Jonas Wulff

Integration of Sensory Cues by the Head Direction System

Integration of Sensory Cues by the Head Direction System
Author: R. A. Knight
Publisher:
Total Pages:
Release: 2011
Genre:
ISBN:
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Head direction (HD) cells fire as a function of the animal's heading direction, with each cell responding to a specific head orientation. This thesis describes the findings from single cell recordings of HD cells in rats. In particular, the thesis focuses on the manner in which these cells integrate landmark and path integration cues. The first experimental chapter aimed to assess the degree to which HD cell firing is influenced by the geometry of an environment. The findings from this experiment suggest that the reliability of the path integration signal affects the degree to which HD cells integrate geometric cues. As the stability of the path integration signal increased (rat was oriented) the weighting of geometric cues decreased. Conversely, when the stability of the path integration signal decreased (rat was disoriented) the weighting of geometric cues increased. This finding, that the influence of a cue is inversely proportional to the variability of that cue, supports a Bayesian account of cue integration. The second experiment therefore directly tested a Bayesian model of cue integration. HD cells and behaviour were simultaneously recorded during a conflict between path integration signals and landmark information. Behavioural findings did not support a Bayesian model, but recordings of HD cells did show evidence of cue weighting based on cue reliability. Interestingly, the reliability of the cues was not expressed in the cells' firing rates or tuning widths and therefore the reliability coding could occur before the signal is sent to the HD system. The final experiment had three main objectives: To establish when HD cells switch from primarily using landmark information to mostly using path integration information. The second aim was to reveal whether HD cells in different areas of the HD circuit respond to these two sensory cues in a similar manner. The third aim was to provide an insight into how activity in the HD network propagates from one preferred firing direction to another. HD cell firing demonstrated cue integration across the system with no differences in brain region. At small conflicts, HD cell firing suggested landmark dominance, whilst larger conflicts demonstrated a greater weighting of path integration. Preliminary findings also suggest that activity can sweep from one preferred firing direction to the next.

Multisensory Flavor Perception

Multisensory Flavor Perception
Author: Betina Piqueras-Fiszman
Publisher: Woodhead Publishing
Total Pages: 378
Release: 2016-04-14
Genre: Technology & Engineering
ISBN: 008100351X
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Multisensory Flavor Perception: From Fundamental Neuroscience Through to the Marketplace provides state-of-the-art coverage of the latest insights from the rapidly-expanding world of multisensory flavor research. The book highlights the various types of crossmodal interactions, such as sound and taste, and vision and taste, showing their impact on sensory and hedonic perception, along with their consumption in the context of food and drink. The chapters in this edited volume review the existing literature, also explaining the underlying neural and psychological mechanisms which lead to crossmodal perception of flavor. The book brings together research which has not been presented before, making it the first book in the market to cover the literature of multisensory flavor perception by incorporating the latest in psychophysics and neuroscience. Authored by top academics and world leaders in the field Takes readers on a journey from the neurological underpinnings of multisensory flavor perception, then presenting insights that can be used by food companies to create better flavor sensations for consumers Offers a wide perspective on multisensory flavor perception, an area of rapidly expanding knowledge

Bayesian Brain

Bayesian Brain
Author: Kenji Doya
Publisher: MIT Press
Total Pages: 341
Release: 2007
Genre: Bayesian statistical decision theory
ISBN: 026204238X
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Experimental and theoretical neuroscientists use Bayesian approaches to analyze the brain mechanisms of perception, decision-making, and motor control.

Multisensory Integration in Action Control

Multisensory Integration in Action Control
Author: Jochen Musseler
Publisher: Frontiers E-books
Total Pages: 143
Release: 2014-11-03
Genre: Perception
ISBN: 2889193128
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The integration of multisensory information is an essential mechanism in perception and in controlling actions. Research in multisensory integration is concerned with how the information from the different sensory modalities, such as the senses of vision, hearing, smell, taste, touch, and proprioception, are integrated to a coherent representation of objects. Multisensory integration is central for action control. For instance, when you grasp for a rubber duck, you can see its size and hear the sound it produces. Moreover, identical physical properties of an object can be provided by different senses. You can both see and feel the size of the rubber duck. Even when you grasp for the rubber duck with a tool (e.g. with tongs), the information from the hand, from the effect points of the tool and from the eyes are integrated in a manner to act successfully. Over the recent decade a surge of interest in multisensory integration and action control has been witnessed, especially in connection with the idea that multiple sensory sources are integrated in an optimized way. For this perspective to mature, it will be helpful to delve deeper into the information processing mechanisms and their neural correlates, asking about the range and constraints of this mechanisms, about its localization and involved networks.

Sensory Integration During Goal Directed Reaches

Sensory Integration During Goal Directed Reaches
Author: Sajida Khanafer
Publisher:
Total Pages:
Release: 2012
Genre: Estimation theory
ISBN:
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When using visual and proprioceptive information to plan a reach, it has been proposed that the brain combines these cues to estimate the object and/or limb's location. Specifically, according to the maximum-likelihood estimation (MLE) model, more reliable sensory inputs are assigned a greater weight (Ernst & Banks, 2002). In this research we examined if the brain is able to adjust which sensory cue it weights the most. Specifically, we asked if the brain changes how it weights sensory information when the availability of a visual cue is manipulated. Twenty-four healthy subjects reached to visual (V), proprioceptive (P), or visual + proprioceptive (VP) targets under different visual delay conditions (e.g. on V and VP trials, the visual target was available for the entire reach, it was removed with the go-signal or it was removed 1, 2 or 5 seconds before the go-signal). Subjects completed 5 blocks of trials, with 90 trials per block. For 12 subjects, the visual delay was kept consistent within a block of trials, while for the other 12 subjects, different visual delays were intermixed within a block of trials. To establish which sensory cue subjects weighted the most, we compared endpoint positions achieved on V and P reaches to VP reaches. Results indicated that all subjects weighted sensory cues in accordance with the MLE model across all delay conditions and that these weights were similar regardless of the visual delay. Moreover, while errors increased with longer visual delays, there was no change in reaching variance. Thus, manipulating the visual environment was not enough to change subjects' weighting strategy, further i.