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Sensors for Environment, Health and Security

Sensors for Environment, Health and Security
Author: M.-I. Baraton
Publisher: Springer Science & Business Media
Total Pages: 501
Release: 2008-11-25
Genre: Technology & Engineering
ISBN: 1402090099

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The NATO Advanced Study Institute on “Sensors for Environment, Health and Security: Advanced Materials and Technology” was held in Vichy (France) on September 16–27, 2007 where more than 65 participants, ranging from Ph. D. students to experienced senior scientists, met and exchanged ideas and know-how in a friendly atmosphere. The present book intends to cover the main topics of this NATO ASI through 32 chapters distributed over two parts (Part I: “Materials and Technologies” and Part II: “Applications to Environment, Health and Security”). The scientific programme of the NATO ASI consisted in 28 1-hour lectures given by 14 invited lecturers, 5 additional 1-hour lectures given by seminar speakers, 22 oral presentations by selected ASI participants and a poster session. The programme was divided into four sessions: (1) Advanced materials and technologies; (2) Sensors for environment; (3) Sensors for health; (4) Sensors for security. During the “Advanced Materials and Technologies” session (Part I of the present book), the lectures were dedicated to critical analyses of current methods for the synthesis of materials, nanomaterials (nanoparticles, nanowires, nanotubes, ...) and nanocomposites to be used for the fabrication of sensing devices, mainly semiconductor sensors. Among the synthesis methods, chemical (sol-gel, etc. ) and physical methods (laser deposition, DC magnetron sputtering, etc. ) were discussed. Several lectures addressed characterization techniques and it was concluded that the physical and chemical control of the materials/nanomaterials, including surface chemistry, remains a key issue for the reproducibility of the final device.


Advanced Sensors for Safety and Security

Advanced Sensors for Safety and Security
Author: Ashok Vaseashta
Publisher: Springer
Total Pages: 0
Release: 2013-08-12
Genre: Science
ISBN: 9789400770027

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This book results from a NATO Advanced Research Workshop titled “Technological Innovations in CBRNE Sensing and Detection for Safety, Security, and Sustainability” held in Yerevan, Armenia in 2012. The objective was to discuss and exchange views as to how fusion of advanced technologies can lead to improved sensors/detectors in support of defense, security, and situational awareness. The chapters range from policy and implementation, advanced sensor platforms using stand-off (THz and optical) and point-contact methods for detection of chemical, nuclear, biological, nuclear and explosive agents and contaminants in water, to synthesis methods for several materials used for sensors. In view of asymmetric, kinetic, and distributed nature of threat vectors, an emphasis is placed to examine new generation of sensors/detectors that utilize an ecosystems of innovation and advanced sciences convergence in support of effective counter-measures against CBRNE threats. The book will be of considerable interest and value to those already pursuing or considering careers in the field of nanostructured materials, and sensing/detection of CBRNE agents and water-borne contaminants. For policy implementation and compliance standpoint, the book serves as a resource of several informative contributions. In general, it serves as a valuable source of information for those interested in how nanomaterials and nanotechnologies are advancing the field of sensing and detection using nexus of advanced technologies for scientists, technologists, policy makers, and soldiers and commanders.


Sensor Technologies

Sensor Technologies
Author: Michael J. McGrath
Publisher: Apress
Total Pages: 321
Release: 2014-01-23
Genre: Computers
ISBN: 1430260149

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Sensor Technologies: Healthcare, Wellness and Environmental Applications explores the key aspects of sensor technologies, covering wired, wireless, and discrete sensors for the specific application domains of healthcare, wellness and environmental sensing. It discusses the social, regulatory, and design considerations specific to these domains. The book provides an application-based approach using real-world examples to illustrate the application of sensor technologies in a practical and experiential manner. The book guides the reader from the formulation of the research question, through the design and validation process, to the deployment and management phase of sensor applications. The processes and examples used in the book are primarily based on research carried out by Intel or joint academic research programs. “Sensor Technologies: Healthcare, Wellness and Environmental Applications provides an extensive overview of sensing technologies and their applications in healthcare, wellness, and environmental monitoring. From sensor hardware to system applications and case studies, this book gives readers an in-depth understanding of the technologies and how they can be applied. I would highly recommend it to students or researchers who are interested in wireless sensing technologies and the associated applications.” Dr. Benny Lo Lecturer, The Hamlyn Centre, Imperial College of London “This timely addition to the literature on sensors covers the broad complexity of sensing, sensor types, and the vast range of existing and emerging applications in a very clearly written and accessible manner. It is particularly good at capturing the exciting possibilities that will occur as sensor networks merge with cloud-based ‘big data’ analytics to provide a host of new applications that will impact directly on the individual in ways we cannot fully predict at present. It really brings this home through the use of carefully chosen case studies that bring the overwhelming concept of 'big data' down to the personal level of individual life and health.” Dermot Diamond Director, National Centre for Sensor Research, Principal Investigator, CLARITY Centre for Sensor Web Technologies, Dublin City University "Sensor Technologies: Healthcare, Wellness and Environmental Applications takes the reader on an end-to-end journey of sensor technologies, covering the fundamentals from an engineering perspective, introducing how the data gleaned can be both processed and visualized, in addition to offering exemplar case studies in a number of application domains. It is a must-read for those studying any undergraduate course that involves sensor technologies. It also provides a thorough foundation for those involved in the research and development of applied sensor systems. I highly recommend it to any engineer who wishes to broaden their knowledge in this area!" Chris Nugent Professor of Biomedical Engineering, University of Ulster


Functional Nanostructures and Sensors for CBRN Defence and Environmental Safety and Security

Functional Nanostructures and Sensors for CBRN Defence and Environmental Safety and Security
Author: Anatolie Sidorenko
Publisher: Springer Nature
Total Pages: 320
Release: 2020-03-17
Genre: Technology & Engineering
ISBN: 9402419098

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Over the last decade, techniques for materials preparation and processing at nanometer scale have advanced rapidly, leading to the introduction of novel principles for a new generation of sensors and detectors. At the same time, the chemical industry, transport and agriculture produce huge amounts of dangerous waste gases and liquids, leading to soil, air and water contamination. One more modern threat - international terrorism - demands that scientists make efforts to apply new principles and technologies to protect society against chemical, biological, radiological and nuclear (CBRN) attacks and to develop novel effective technologies for the remediation of large contaminated areas. Accordingly, the main goal of this book is to bring together experts (theorists, experimentalists, engineers and technologists) for an extensive discussion covering: novel principles for functional nanostructures and detector fabrication and implementation, the development of novel technologies for the deactivation of CBRN agents, their experimental realization and their application in novel monitoring and control systems, and technological processes for soil and water remediation, with a view to environmental protection and defence against CBRN-based terrorism. In keeping with the book’s main goal, the following topics are highlighted and discussed: - Sensors and detectors - detection of chemicals, principles of “artificial nose” and chemical “micro-lab on a chip” design, surface and underground water quality monitoring systems, molecular electronics, superconducting electronic devices, quantum detectors and Qubits. - Environmental protection and CBRN - detection of infrared, microwave, X-ray and terahertz radiation. Principles for novel IR-, UV-, and Terahertz-wave devices for the detection of low-contrast objects. - Novel technological processes for CBRN destruction and deactivation. All these topics are strongly interrelated, both with regard to fundamental aspects and to fabrication and implementation technologies; in addition, they are highly promising for application in novel functional devices, computer logics, sensing and detection of low-concentration chemicals, weak and extremely weak magnetic and microwave fields, infrared and ultraviolet radiation. Given its scope, the book will be a useful and interesting guide for a broad readership of engineers, scientists, PhD students and experts in the area of defence against environmental terrorism.


Environmental Health and Science Desk Reference

Environmental Health and Science Desk Reference
Author: Frank R. Spellman
Publisher: Government Institutes
Total Pages: 915
Release: 2012
Genre: Medical
ISBN: 160590757X

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"In 'Environmental Health and Science Desk Reference' the authors define and explain the terms and concepts used by environmental professionals, environmental science professionals, safety practitioners and engineers, and nonscience professionals."--Cover.


Environmental Public Health Impacts of Disasters

Environmental Public Health Impacts of Disasters
Author: Institute of Medicine
Publisher: National Academies Press
Total Pages: 100
Release: 2007-06-13
Genre: Science
ISBN: 0309179890

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Public health officials have the traditional responsibilities of protecting the food supply, safeguarding against communicable disease, and ensuring safe and healthful conditions for the population. Beyond this, public health today is challenged in a way that it has never been before. Starting with the 9/11 terrorist attacks, public health officers have had to spend significant amounts of time addressing the threat of terrorism to human health. Hurricane Katrina was an unprecedented disaster for the United States. During the first weeks, the enormity of the event and the sheer response needs for public health became apparent. The tragic loss of human life overshadowed the ongoing social and economic disruption in a region that was already economically depressed. Hurricane Katrina reemphasized to the public and to policy makers the importance of addressing long-term needs after a disaster. On October 20, 2005, the Institute of Medicine's Roundtable on Environmental Health Sciences, Research, and Medicine held a workshop which convened members of the scientific community to highlight the status of the recovery effort, consider the ongoing challenges in the midst of a disaster, and facilitate scientific dialogue about the impacts of Hurricane Katrina on people's health. Environmental Public Health Impacts of Disasters: Hurricane Katrina is the summary of this workshop. This report will inform the public health, first responder, and scientific communities on how the affected community can be helped in both the midterm and the near future. In addition, the report can provide guidance on how to use the information gathered about environmental health during a disaster to prepare for future events.


Smart Sensors for Health and Environment Monitoring

Smart Sensors for Health and Environment Monitoring
Author: Chong-Min Kyung
Publisher:
Total Pages:
Release: 2015
Genre:
ISBN: 9789401799829

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This book covers two most important applications of smart sensors, namely bio-health sensing and environmental monitoring. The approach taken is holistic and covers the complete scope of the subject matter from the principles of the sensing mechanism, through device physics, circuit and system implementation techniques, and energy issues to wireless connectivity solutions. It is written at a level suitable mainly for post-graduate level researchers interested in practical applications. The chapters are independent but complementary to each other, and the book works within the wider perspective of essential smart sensors for the Internet of Things (IoT). This is the second of three books based on the Integrated Smart Sensors research project, which describe the development of innovative devices, circuits, and system-level enabling technologies. The aim of the project was to develop common platforms on which various devices and sensors can be loaded, and to create systems offering significant improvements in information processing speed, energy usage, and size. This book contains substantial reference lists and over 150 figures, introducing the reader to the subject in a tutorial style whilst also addressing state-of-the-art research results, allowing it to be used as a guide for starting researchers.


Biomedical and Environmental Sensing

Biomedical and Environmental Sensing
Author: J. I. Agbinya
Publisher: CRC Press
Total Pages: 344
Release: 2022-09-01
Genre: Science
ISBN: 8793102275

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At a time when the applications of sensors are in high demand and environmental issues are international priorities, this book on biomedical and environmental sensing provides the technical basis for researchers and students to understand the requirements for biomedical computing and also environmental sensing and to develop solutions in their areas of interests. The book deals with key techniques that need to be understood and also examples of applications of the techniques.Biomedical and environmental sensing are helping to extend the life span of human beings and infrastructures as it has become more and more sensible to understand what is happening for example inside a person, an aircraft, a road network or a bridge and to provide quick response. Several chapters of the book have dealt with the state of the art in biomedical decision support systems in therapeutic medicine. A data driven decision support system and a prototype support system for anaesthetics are major enablers for doctors and nurses to provide efficient and timely response not only to diagnose ailments but also to decide on the preferred approach for solving the problems.The analyses in the chapters are coherently detailed and easy to comprehend. There is a chapter on hypothermia therapy and a hardware probe was also developed and described. Classification of chromosomes is a major aid in DNA analysis and recognition. Thisvaluable insight into a DNA analysis method is provided. Information on heart diseases, onset of heart attacks and failure can be detected through reconstructing electrophysiological information about the surface of the heart. A reconstruction method is described in this book and provides strong foundation for research and training in this life determining area. The remaining chapters on sensing of driver conditions including fatigue peeks into tools and methodologies for understanding both the onset of fatigue and its forms for prevention of accidents in vehicles. The rest of the book gives techniques for planning biomedical and environmental sensor networks and their security.The book will no doubt greatly serve the needs of health professionals, researchers in the health andenvironmental industry and policy makers.Content• Data Driven Therapy Decision Support System• A Prototype Decision Support System for Anesthetists• Development and Testing of a Low Cost, Minimally Invasive Radiofrequency Thermal Probe For Hyperthermia Therapy• Comparative Functional Magnetic Resonance Imaging With Functional Brain Imaging Modalities• Design of a Neural Network Classifier for Separation of Images With Chromosomes• De-Noising of Body Surface Potential Signals• Single Channel Wireless EEG: Proposed Application in Train Drivers• Algorithm of remote monitoring ECG using mobile phone: Conception and implementation• Statistical validation of physiological indicators for non-invasive and hybrid driver drowsiness detection system• Security and Privacy of Wireless Sensor Networks for Biomedical• Key Establishment Scheme for Clustered Distributed Sensor Networks• Planning and Addressing of Wireless Sensor Networks• Sensor Scheduling and Redeployment Mechanisms in Wireless Sensor Networks• On the combination of logistic regression and local probability estimates• Stochastic Deterioration Processes for Bridge Lifetime Assessment


Nanotechnology Characterization Tools for Environment, Health, and Safety

Nanotechnology Characterization Tools for Environment, Health, and Safety
Author: Challa S.S.R. Kumar
Publisher: Springer Nature
Total Pages: 357
Release: 2019-11-21
Genre: Technology & Engineering
ISBN: 3662596008

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Tenth volume of a 40 volume series on nanoscience and nanotechnology, edited by the renowned scientist Challa S.S.R. Kumar. This handbook gives a comprehensive overview about Nanotechnology Characterization Tools for Environment, Health, and Safety. Modern applications and state-of-the-art techniques are covered and make this volume an essential reading for research scientists in academia and industry.


Advanced Sensors for Safety and Security

Advanced Sensors for Safety and Security
Author: Ashok Vaseashta
Publisher: Springer
Total Pages: 366
Release: 2013-07-30
Genre: Science
ISBN: 9400770030

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This book results from a NATO Advanced Research Workshop titled “Technological Innovations in CBRNE Sensing and Detection for Safety, Security, and Sustainability” held in Yerevan, Armenia in 2012. The objective was to discuss and exchange views as to how fusion of advanced technologies can lead to improved sensors/detectors in support of defense, security, and situational awareness. The chapters range from policy and implementation, advanced sensor platforms using stand-off (THz and optical) and point-contact methods for detection of chemical, nuclear, biological, nuclear and explosive agents and contaminants in water, to synthesis methods for several materials used for sensors. In view of asymmetric, kinetic, and distributed nature of threat vectors, an emphasis is placed to examine new generation of sensors/detectors that utilize an ecosystems of innovation and advanced sciences convergence in support of effective counter-measures against CBRNE threats. The book will be of considerable interest and value to those already pursuing or considering careers in the field of nanostructured materials, and sensing/detection of CBRNE agents and water-borne contaminants. For policy implementation and compliance standpoint, the book serves as a resource of several informative contributions. In general, it serves as a valuable source of information for those interested in how nanomaterials and nanotechnologies are advancing the field of sensing and detection using nexus of advanced technologies for scientists, technologists, policy makers, and soldiers and commanders.